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Query: UMLS:C0008489 (chorea)
 2,102 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of the thyroid gland upon the nervous system with neurologic-psychiatric symptoms are discussed. With hyperthyreosis in younger patients hyperactive and psychotic signs occur, in older patients so-called apathic thyreotoxicosis. Neurologically there appear acute and chronic thyreotoxic myopathies, paroxysmal paralyses, the so-called hyperthyreotic chorea and a series of disturbances of eye muscles. In a thyreotoxic crisis psychotic preliminaries may proceed to a coma. With hyperthyreoses there occur intellectual impairment, showing but also psychoses as well as multiple neurological defect syndromes and epileptic seizures. Neurological defects as a consequence of thyreostatic therapy are rare, mostly these are disturbances of periphal nerves.
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PMID:[Psychiatric and neurologic disturbances in thyroid disorders (author's transl)]. 28 Oct 58

The effect of chronic high doses of d-amphetamine on amphetamine- and apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior in guinea pigs was studied in an attempt to determine the mechanism involved in the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonism. Prolonged pretreatment with suprathreshold doses of amphetamine decreased the threshold dosage of both amphetamine and apomorphine necessary to elicit stereotyped behavior. This suggests that chronic striatal dopamine stimulation may induce striatal dopamine receptor site hypersensitivity and that this type of induced hypersensitivity may play a role in the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. This mechanism may also play a role in the development of amphetamine-induced chorea and psychosis.
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PMID:Effect of chronic amphetamine exposure on stereotyped behavior: implications for pathogenesis of l-dopa-induced dyskinesias. 117 Jul 14

Neurologic manifestations, afflicting up to 70% of SLE patients, include psychosis, seizures, chorea, neuropathies, and stroke. MRI is useful in evaluation of lupus patients and several reports have documented cerebral atrophy or focal hyperintensities. We report an unusual MRI appearance in a 56-year-old woman with SLE, diagnosed on the basis of pleuritis, lymphopenia, anti-DNA antibodies, and neurologic involvement. She reported recent onset of Raynaud's phenomenon and generalized macular rash. She presented after two months of gradual deterioration with memory loss, flattened affect, dysphagia, dysarthria, anomia, and somnolence, without focal neurologic signs. Investigations included elevated ESR, reduced complement, normal CSF without oligoclonal bands, negative viral serology, normal hormone and vitamin levels, normal renal and hepatic function. Neuropsychologic testing showed widespread impairment (WAIS-R: FSIQ-63; WMS-69; DRS-98; RCPM-14; WAB AQ-78.8). CT was normal but MRI showed strikingly symmetric, confluent hyperintensities extensively involving cerebral and cerebellar white matter on T1 and T2 weighted scans. Basal ganglia and subependymal and subcortical white matter were spared. Treated with prednisone, the patient made a gradual, but incomplete, recovery. These MRI findings may reflect widespread vasculopathy or direct immunologic brain insult with or without immunologic blood-brain barrier disruption.
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PMID:Dementia with leukoencephalopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. 191 71

There are a number of different relationships among aging, psychosis and movement disorders, most of which have been proposed to involve the neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine content and dopamine receptors have been shown to decrease with age, which may relate to the time of onset of different motor and psychotic disorders, as well as to the appearance of these disorders. For example, some so-called senile movement disorders, such as senile tremor and senile chorea, may relate to alterations in dopaminergic transmission with age, as might the general findings of increased slowing of movements and mildly increased rigidity with age, although it is not clear how common some of these changes are in the medically healthy elderly. Decrease in dopamine with age may also be associated with the findings that choreiform and psychotic disorders (which have been proposed to be related to excess dopaminergic activity) tend to predominate at younger ages, whereas parkinsonism is more common at later ages. Certain findings support this notion, such as the appearance of both dyskinesia and psychosis in patients treated with L-dopa, the finding that psychosis may be less common in patients with later-onset Huntington's disease, and the fact that neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism is often more severe in the elderly. However, the situation is more complicated than this, because there are a number of phenomena that do not fit the pattern, including the observation of an increased incidence of tardive dyskinesia in the elderly. Age-related changes in other transmitters are undoubtedly important in both movements disorders and psychosis, and even dopamine has been proposed to have both trophic and toxic properties over the aging process. In general, care is warranted in the use of any psychotropic medications in the elderly, because there can be widespread and often unpredictable effects of these drugs on both motor and mental function.
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PMID:Association of psychosis and movement disorders in the elderly. 289 37

An autopsy case of a 66 year-old woman is reported. She developed personality change and psychotic symptoms at the age of 58. She began to show gait disturbance and forgetfullness at the age of 60. She was admitted to Okayama University Hospital at the age of 61, when she showed personality change, dementia, cerebellar sings and chorea like involuntary movement. The illness progressed slowly and she died of septicemia at the age of 66. At autopsy brain weighed 990 g. Macroscopically, the atrophy of the brain stem was severe, and the cerebellum was slightly atrophic. Microscopically, the globus pallidus was almost intact, but the degeneration involved dentate nuclei, their projections, red nucleus and the subthalamic nuclei, so this case was considered to be a case of pseudo-Huntington form of dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy, proposed by Hirayama. The most striking feature of this case was marked atrophy of the brain stem and her intense familial history. Investigation of her familial history revealed that there were 18 affected cases in 5 successive generations. Their onset of the disease varied from the age of 10 to 60 years old. Cases of juvenile onset showed myoclonus and convulsion as the initial symptoms, and convulsion as the initial symptoms, and those of presenile onset showed dementia, cerebellar ataxia and chorea like involuntary movement. And in some of these cases it was proved by NMR-CT that their brain stem were small. We discussed the meaning of the atrophy of the brain stem in these cases and the difference of the symptoms between the cases of juvenile onset and the cases of presenile onset.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy showing marked atrophy of the brain stem]. 296 93

We describe two patients with serologic evidence of active Epstein-Barr virus infection who presented with unusual neurologic manifestations and minimal systemic findings of infectious mononucleosis. One girl developed an acute hemiplegic migraine syndrome followed by acute psychosis, and the other patient had severe, generalized chorea. The wide spectrum of presenting central nervous system findings associated with Epstein-Barr virus infections underscores the need to suspect this agent in a variety of acute neurologic syndromes.
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PMID:Unusual acute neurologic presentations with Epstein-Barr virus infection. 300 99

An Arab woman developed recurrent chorea gravidarum in all four pregnancies that went to term, and none in the three pregnancies that ended in spontaneous abortion. She also developed an acute psychosis in one of these four pregnancies. A discussion of similar cases in the literature is undertaken.
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PMID:Recurrent chorea gravidarum in four pregnancies. 404 Apr 15

A twenty-nine year-old woman, with oral contraceptive medication over 10 years, was admitted with chorea and acute psychosis. Fourty-eight hours earlier she had initiated therapy with amphetamine. The mechanisms of these acute manifestations are discussed: oral contraceptives increase striatal post-synaptic dopaminergic sensitivity, while amphetamines facilitate the dopamine release in striatum.
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PMID:[Acute choreic syndrome and psychotic state induced by an amphetaminic drug]. 408 13

32 patients with Sydenham's chorea were studied at the La Rabida Institute for psychometric performance on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Questionnaires used included a definition of chorea and a description of choreic movements which the patients and members of their households were asked to read. Results were: 1) the only medical condition frequently reported was arthritis; 20/32 patients reported medical consultation for this complaint; 2) 19 patients including 2 with chorea gravidium, reported motor or psychiatric side effects from 1 or more agents; 3) in patients with multiple drug exposures a history of adverse motor reactions to decongestants was always associated with adverse reactions to anorectics or amphetamine in patients with exposure to all agents, and a similar pattern was noted with thyroid hormone and oral contraceptives (OCs); 4) 1 patient with chorea gravidium reported dyskinesias after administration of decongestants or amphetamine but tolerated OCs; and 5) MMPI scores from patients reporting adverse responses to amphetamines were statistically elevated in the psychotic tetrad. This study provides support for the belief that Sydenham's chorea is not a benign self-limited disease of childhood. In addition to mild residual neurologic abnormalities, the disorder appears to confer long-standing sensitivity to a variety of dopaminergically active agents.
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PMID:Chronic dopaminergic sensitivity after Sydenham's chorea. 618 98

An acute psychotic illness in a young woman was initially thought to be secondary to prolonged and pathological grief. Subsequent observation revealed the presence of choreiform movements. Treatment of the chorea led to rapid resolution of her psychiatric symptoms. This case is reported to remind clinicians of the frequent presence of psychiatric symptoms in Sydenham's chorea.
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PMID:Psychosis associated with oral contraceptive-induced chorea. 719 63


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