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Query: UMLS:C0008325 (cholecystitis)
 3,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Surgical management of patients with concomitant resectable lung lesions and critical cardiac disease is controversial. We report a case of concomitant pulmonary and cardiac surgery via a left thoracotomy. A 67-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of recurrent bloody sputum and an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. Chest CT and MRI showed a tumor in the left lower lobe (S10), with invasion of the diaphragm. A diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy. The patient had a history of angina pectoris, and stress testing was positive. Coronary angiography showed 90% stenosis at segment 5, suggesting a risk of perioperative or postoperative myocardial infarction. This necessitated simultaneous surgical treatment for lung cancer and ischemic heart disease. A lobectomy of the left lower lung was performed, followed by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), using the great saphenous vein. The postoperative course was uneventful except for the occurrence of cholecystitis. Lung cancer and ischemic heart disease can be safely treated simultaneously via a single incision, with and benefit for selected patients.
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PMID:[A case report of left postero-lateral thoracotomy for simultaneous CABG and left lower lobectomy]. 934 Dec 73

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the roles of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), conventional US, CT, and MRI in differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening. We scrutinized images for the presence of the multiple-layer patterns of the thickened gallbladder walls during preoperative images (EUS, n = 22; US, n = 23; CT, n = 20; MRI, n = 15) and retrospectively correlated them with surgical results in 25 patients. The pathological diagnoses included 7 gallbladder cancers, 9 cases of chronic cholecystitis, 5 cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and 4 cases of adenomyomatosis. Multiple-layer patterns of gallbladder wall were observed in patients with inflammatory and benign diseases by US, EUS, CT, and MRI. This pattern was demonstrated by EUS more efficiently compared with other means of imaging. All subjects with loss of multiple layers were finally diagnosed by use of EUS as having gallbladder cancer at surgery. Loss of multiple-layer patterns of the gallbladder wall demonstrated by EUS was the most specific finding in diagnosing gallbladder cancer.
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PMID:Endoscopic ultrasonography for demonstrating loss of multiple-layer pattern of the thickened gallbladder wall in the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. 937 22

The aim of this study was to evaluate CT and MRI findings in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) and to correlate the imaging findings with various pathologic parameters. The study included 13 patients with histopathologically confirmed XGC. The CT ( n=13) and MRI ( n=5) obtained in these patients were evaluated retrospectively. On CT, low-attenuation areas in the wall of XGC correlated with foam and inflammatory cells or necrosis and/or abscess in XGC. Areas of iso- to slightly high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, showing slight enhancement at early phase and strong enhancement at last phase on dynamic study, corresponded with areas of abundant xanthogranulomas. Areas with very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images without enhancement corresponded with necrosis and/or abscesses. Luminal surface enhancement (LSE) of gallbladder wall represented preservation of the epithelial layer. The early-enhanced areas of the liver bed on dynamic CT and MR images corresponded with accumulation of inflammatory cells and abundant fibrosis. Our results indicate that CT and MRI findings correlate well with the histopathologic findings of XGC.
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PMID:CT and MR imaging findings of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: correlation with pathologic findings. 1577 May 1

We report a case of a 30-year-old patient with anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (APBJ) that has not been described before. The patient had a clinical history of recurrent attacks of pancreatitis, cholangitis and cholecystitis that were confirmed by abnormal laboratory values. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a 20 mm long junction of choledoc and pancreatic duct, and uncinate process draining into the minor papilla. On MR cholangiopancreatography, strictures at the junction of hepatic duct, increased gallbladder wall thickness and intraductal stone in the pancreatic duct were demonstrated as complementary findings. Other MRI findings included decreased signal intensity of the pancreas consistent with fibrosis from past pancreatitis attacks and atrophy of the left liver lobe.
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PMID:Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (APBJ) with the drainage of the uncinate process into the minor papilla: demonstration by MRI. 1596 52

In a 59-year-old woman with pain in the right upper abdomen, echography and CT-scan revealed adenomatosis of the gallbladder. Her symptoms did not disappear after cholecystectomy, even though echography showed no further abnormality. In a 46-year-old man with fever and weight loss, echography revealed two polyps in the gallbladder. Following cholecystectomy, histopathology revealed cholesterol polyps and an infection with Entamoeba coli. In a 63-year-old man with systemic symptoms, a biopsy of the echographically diagnosed tumour of the gallbladder revealed that he had actually had cholecystitis. The management was wait-and-see and the patient recovered completely. In a 68-year-old woman with jaundice and attacks of abdominal pain, a CT-scan revealed gallstones. The symptoms recurred following an ERCP. Following cholecystectomy, an adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder was found. One year later, a contact metastasis developed forwhich she received radiotherapy. After 4 years she was in good condition. Patients with a tumour in the gallbladder are often diagnosed with gallbladder cancer, which has a poor prognosis. Other diseases should also be considered, since the treatment and prognosis differ greatly. It is important to differentiate at an early stage. Ultrasound, CT and MRI have improved the possibility of differentiating and choosing the correct treatment.
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PMID:[Tumors in the gallbladder: a possible differentiation between malignant and benign tumours]. 1772 54

Fistula between the gallbladder and colon is a rare condition. Even more infrequent is spontaneous resolution of the fistula. We encountered a case of cholecystocolic fistula associated with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) that was diagnosed definitively using CT, MRI, and colonoscopy. An 82-year-old woman with no remarkable medical history presented with fever and right hypochondralgia that had continued for 8 days. Abdominal ultrasound showed a hyperechoic area as air in the lumen of the gallbladder with a hypertrophic wall. Contrast-enhanced CT, with the peripheral layer enhanced homogeneously by contrast medium, indicated air in the gallbladder with a thickened wall. Furthermore, MRI and colonoscopy revealed a fistula between the gallbladder and transverse colon strongly suggested. Those findings suggested cholecystocolic fistula associated with XGC. The patient was treated initially by administration of antibiotics, while fasting. Unfortunately, surgical specimens did not show the fistula, thus it was decided that the existence of cholecystocolic fistula with spontaneous resolution were highly suspected by the clinical course and imaging in this patient.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis associated with a suspicious colonic fistula and its spontaneous resolution]. 1942 Aug 74

Bilioenteric fistules are fairly rare, cholecystoduodenal fistules are the commonest type, accounting for 70-80% of cases. Cholecystoduodenal fistules usually occur as a consequence of cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis. Their symptomatology is atypical and fistules are frequently detected during surgery. Preoperative diagnostic procedures include visualization methods, such as US, CT, MRI, resp.ERCP. Both conventional laparotomy, as well as laparoscopy may be used in the treatment of the disease. Each of the methods has its pros and cons. The authors present a case review of a 85-year old female patient with a cholecystoduodenal fistule, diagnosed prior to the surgical procedure. Conventional laparotomy was elected as a method of treatment and the outcome was successful.
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PMID:[Cholecystoduodenal fistule as a consequence of calculouse cholecystitis in a female elderly patient]. 2202 98

Imaging of pregnant patients with non-obstetric abdominal pain is reviewed, with an accompanying pictorial essay of cases with concentration on magnetic resonance imaging. Non-obstetric causes of abdominal pain during pregnancy are similar to those of non-pregnant patients. The most common causes are appendicitis and cholecystitis. Other causes are myriad and include biliary, gastrointestinal, infectious, inflammatory, and malignant etiologies, among others. The approach to imaging in pregnant patient is unique, as it is imperative to minimize potentially harmful radiation exposures to the fetus. Ultrasound and MRI are the primary modalities for evaluation of the pregnant patient with abdominal pain. The use of intravenous contrast is discouraged, except in highly-selected patients where there is no other way to obtain vital diagnostic information. CT is still used as the mainstay of evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma and is commonly used for diagnosis of small bowel obstruction, stone disease, and work-up of malignancy during pregnancy. A discussion of test selection and underlying rationale is presented.
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PMID:Imaging the pregnant patient with abdominal pain. 2216 Feb 83

A 28-year-old female presented with a 4 year history of intermittent right upper quadrant pain. Clinical examination and ultrasound suggested a diagnosis of cholelithiasis and the patient was eventually booked for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Intraoperatively the patient was found to have gallbladder agenesis and small bowel malrotation with the duodenojejunal flexure to right of midline. The gallbladder fossa was filled with fibrous tissue. Both gallbladder agenesis and midgut malrotation are rare congenital abnormalities. Gallbladder agenesis has a similar presentation to more common gallbladder pathologies, such as cholecystitis. This case illustrates the limitations of and our over reliance on radiological imaging. Moreover, it highlights the need to have a high index suspicion of gallbladder agenesis when ultrasound is inconclusive. Further investigations and imaging with modalities such as MRI should be used to reduce the risks associated with unnecessary surgical intervention.
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PMID:Gallbladder agenesis with midgut malrotation. 2298 2

This case report describes the unusual presentation of a previously very well woman with Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis in the emergency department. History, examination and preliminary laboratory and radiological investigations supported a diagnosis of acalculous cholecystitis, for which she was given intravenous broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy. One day following admission, the patient deteriorated and became unresponsive. Subsequent MRI of the brain revealed multiple bihemispheric cerebral emboli and a large, mobile mitral valve thrombus was visualised on her transoesophageal echocardiogram. S agalactiae was cultured from venous blood samples and her antimicrobial cover was adjusted accordingly. Despite her presumed guarded prognosis, this patient made a remarkable recovery. To our knowledge, the association of S agalactiae endocarditis with acalculous cholecystitis has not been previously described.
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PMID:Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman. 2340 2


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