Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0008325 (cholecystitis)
 3,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The acute acalculous cholecystitis is a stress induced complication following surgery and trauma. A totally different disease is a large atonic gallbladder during parenteral nutrition. The symptoms of the acalculous cholecystitis are similar to acute cholecystitis in patients with cholelithiasis. The diagnosis can be very difficult, because in the postoperative period patients are usually very sick, treated with analgetic and antibiotic drugs and therefore the symptoms are mostly lacking or equivocal. Typical signs are fever and leucocytosis. An ultrasound scan should be performed at the intensive care unit. Although the disease is rare according to the literature, in future it may be diagnosed more frequently because of extended surgical intensive care, higher age of patients, modern methods of surgery and early ultrasound scans in equivocal cases. Having the possibility of postoperative and posttraumatic acute acalculous cholecystitis in mind, surgeons may be able to make the right diagnosis earlier than the pathologist.
 ...
PMID:[Acute acalculous cholecystitis. A stress-induced complication]. 236 70

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of acalculous gangrenous cholecystitis in immunocompromised persons. We report a case of acalculous acute cholecystitis and active colitis associated with CMV in a patient suffering from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The condition was treated successfully with surgery and 9-(1,3,-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine intravenously.
 ...
PMID:Cytomegalovirus cholecystitis and colitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 253 75

Percutaneous cholecystostomy was performed in 17 poor surgical risk patients. 16 patients developed acute acalculous cholecystitis postoperatively in the intensive care unit, 1 patient had an acute cholecystitis with calculi. Diagnostic imaging using CT and US was specific for acute cholecystitis in 58% only. Percutaneous cholecystostomy was the definitive treatment in 69% of the patients. Additional cholecystectomy was required in 3 patients with complicated cholecystitis, in 1 patient with bile leakage after catheter dislocation and in 1 patient with gallbladder calculi. 3 patients died, 2 of them from reasons unrelated to the gallbladder disease. Radiology-guided percutaneous cholecystostomy performed by a transhepatic approach is a safe and effective procedure for acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients.
 ...
PMID:[Percutaneous cholecystostomy in treating acute cholecystitis in patients at risk]. 254 47

The assessment of external respiration during a 2-day management of acute pain attack produced by cholecystitis disclosed a 1.2-1.5-fold decrease in the parameters of the function resultant from poor ventilation of the pulmonary zones and loss of coordination between the ventilation and relevant blood flow. On day 3 of the attack treatment of external respiration returned to normal functioning though in patients over 60 this return took a week, as they had a 1.2-2-fold drop in the blood flow and pulmonary ventilation. The attempts of administration of adrenoblockers in combined treatment of acute cholecystitis succeeded in restoration of pulmonary function during 3 days and in more rapid attenuation of attacks in acute cholecystitis.
 ...
PMID:[Use of adrenergic blockaders for correction of pulmonary functions in the treatment of acute cholecystitis]. 257 92

Under study were 56 observations of posttraumatic cholecystitis and pancreatitis in patients with polytrauma without a direct injury of the gallbladder and pancreas. Diagnostics of posttraumatic cholecystitis and pancreatitis is based on data of laparoscopic and ultrasonic examinations. Treatment of acute cholecystitis in the postshock period of trauma disease is operation, while treatment of posttraumatic pancreatitis must be started with intensive therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Acute diseases of the gallbladder and pancreas in patients with severe trauma and shock (characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment)]. 263 42

The sonographic Murphy sign is defined as the presence of maximal tenderness elicited by direct pressure of the transducer over a sonographically localized gallbladder. The reported prevalence of this sign is more than 95% in patients with acute cholecystitis. In this series of 18 patients with pathologically proved gangrenous cholecystitis, the sonographic Murphy sign was positive in only six (33%). Clinical examination showed a positive Murphy sign in eight patients (44%), diffuse abdominal pain in nine patients (50%), and no pain in one patient (6%). Other sonographic findings included pericholecystic fluid (10), thickening of the gallbladder wall (10), and a dilated gallbladder (five). Our experience suggests that the absence of the Murphy sign increases the possibility of gangrenous cholecystitis in patients with abdominal pain and sonographic findings of cholecystitis.
 ...
PMID:The sonographic diagnosis of acute gangrenous cholecystitis: importance of the Murphy sign. 264 62

The authors compared their own clinical experience with existing literature and noticed that acute non-calculous cholecystitis is a clinical picture with explosive evolution and a very high mortality, presenting atypical clinical signs in very ill patients recovering from previous non-surgical disease. In a series of 350 operations on gallbladder and biliary ducts over a five years period 86 cases of acute cholecystitis were confirmed. Only 4 were proven to be acute acalculous cholecystitis. This means 1.14% on the whole series and 4.65% on the series of acute cholecystitis. Early diagnosis and immediate surgery are needed to reduce mortality.
 ...
PMID:[Acute non-calculous cholecystitis]. 265 62

The gallbladder volume was measured on abdominal ultrasonography in 115 patients consisting of three population groups, before and after ingestion of a fatty meal and/or intravenous administration of cholecystokinin. The variation in volume, estimated as a percentage, was used to assess gallbladder contraction. The first group, consisting of 40 normal individuals without gallstones or impaired gallbladder or hepatic function, can be considered to constitute a control group. In this population, gallbladder contraction exceeded 50% in every case. The second group consisted of 40 cases of acute cholecystitis, including 30 cases with acute gallstones and 10 cases of stone-free acute cholecystitis proven surgically (7 cases) or by guided aspiration (3 cases). Gallbladder contraction was less than 15% in every case. Lastly, a third group of 35 patients with uncomplicated gallstones discovered on routine ultrasonography, demonstrated gallbladder contraction of between 10 and 85%. In this last group, 12 patients with vague gastrointestinal symptoms and gallbladder contraction less than 15% were operated: the histological results demonstrated severe lesions of chronic gallstone cholecystitis. The authors believe that absent or weak gallbladder contraction after endogenous stimulation is a supplementary sign to be taken into consideration in a context suggestive of the diagnosis of acute stone-free cholecystitis and to suggest, in the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms not directly related to the gallbladder, the hypothesis of chronic gallstone cholecystitis.
 ...
PMID:[Echographic study of gallbladder contraction: normal and pathologic aspects. Apropos of 115 patients]. 266 30

Acute cholecystitis continues to be a life-threatening complication in patients after trauma. In an 18-month period we have recognized and treated five patients with burn injuries who had acute cholecystitis. They ranged in age from 13 to 40 years. Four of the five patients had positive blood cultures and all five patients had positive bile cultures. The diagnosis was made on the basis of unexplained sepsis and an abnormal sonogram or hepatobiliary scan. Four patients underwent cholecystectomy and one patient underwent a cholecystostomy. Four patients survived and were discharged from the hospital. All five patients were receiving nutritional support. Factors such as prolonged fasting, dehydration, narcotic administration, and sepsis have been suggested as contributing factors in the development of acute cholecystitis. Acute cholecystitis is a serious complication in such patients and must be considered and treated promptly. Serial ultrasound studies have been helpful in managing patients suspected of having acute septic cholecystitis.
 ...
PMID:Acute septic cholecystitis in patients with burn injuries. 267 16

Roentgenological, radionuclide, ultrasound and thermographic methods were evaluated in 31 patients with acute and 85 with chronic cholecystitis. It was established that the succession of using of the above methods depends on the course of cholecystitis. In acute cholecystitis examination is begun with thermography and terminated by ultrasound. In chronic cholecystitis ultrasound is the first method to be followed by radionuclide methods. If necessary infusional cholegraphy and thermography are employed.
 ...
PMID:[The radiodiagnosis of acute and chronic cholecystitis]. 269 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10