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Query: UMLS:C0008325 (cholecystitis)
 3,686 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors present 7 cases of acute non-lithiasic cholecystitis, representing 1.5% of the total number of acute cholecystitis cases in their personal statistics. The determining factor of the acute inflammatory process of the gallbladder was represented in 6 of the cases by non-lithiasic obstruction of the cystic duct. In the last case there was acute segmental cholecystitis secondary to a gallbladder septum, probably of congenital origin. Clinical and anatomo-pathological aspects are discussed, of acute non-lithiasic cholecystites, the origin of which is located in the diverticular apparatus of the biliary pathways. From the therapeutical viewpoint cholecystectomy is the most indicated attitude in such cases.
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PMID:[Acute non-lithiasic cholecystitis]. 9 72

There is ample evidence from this retrospective comparison to indicate that emphysematous cholecystitis does merit clinical distinction apart from acute cholecystitis. It is an acute infection of the gallbladder caused by a specific group of bacteria that may be aided by some aspect of local ischemia. Cholelithiasis does not seem to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of emphysematous cholecystitis, and this, in association with some dependence upon ischemia, may account for the predominance of this disease in males rather than females. Gangrene is a common feature of the pathologic process, and thus it is not surprising that the diagnosis of emphysematous cholecystitis implies a risk of gallbladder perforation that is five times that expected from ordinary acute cholecystitis. The key to identifying this disease is the plain abdominal roentgenogram which in most instances will make the diagnosis and provide an impetus for early operative intervention.
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PMID:A comparative appraisal of emphysematous cholecystitis. 17 53

Emphysematous cholecystitis is a rare form of acute cholecystitis, characterized radiographically by the presence of gas within the gallbladder. We report of a patient, who was admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute abdomen. This patient had an emphysematous cholecystitis caused by Clostridium perfringens. We found the wall of the gallbladder emphysematous and gangrenous, the gallbladder was distended and contained purulent material, but no stones. However, in addition, the films of abdomen showed gas in the ducts. Diagnosis, pathogenesis and the aetiological and therapeutical aspects will be discussed.
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PMID:[Acute emphysematous cholecystitis]. 22 5

During 5 years 1311 operations for benign diseases of the biliary tract were performed. 281 patients were more than 70 years old, on the average 76,1 years. According to experience and the results the following is emphasized: 1. Complications of gallstones are relatively more frequent in old patients. 2. Cholecystectomy for chronic gall bladder disease should be performed even in old age. Our postoperative mortality rate was 2,5%, increasing to 15,1% when operation was done in a stage of complications. 3. Acute inflammatory cholecystitis should be treated by urgent operation, especially in old age. 4. Cholecystectomy is the method of choice for acute cholecystitis. Cholecystostomy is used only in few exceptional cases. 5. Cholangiometry and cholangiography are always executed, if the cystic duct can be cannulated, even in cases of acute inflammation. 6. If there are stones in the common duct or a stenosis of Oddi's sphineter is found, an acute inflammatory or perforated cholecystitis is no impediment for a one stage repair. 7. Cholangioscopy is the unsurpassable method for exploring the common duct, when it was opened or sphincterotomy was done. 8. Principally indications for transduodenal sphincterotomy are the same for all age groups. The postoperative mortality rate is not higher than after other operations involving the common duct. 9. In old age choledochoduodenostomy is sometimes a good alternative to sphicterotomy. 10. In cases of recurrent operation due to overlooked stones in the common duct or sclerosis of Oddi's sphincter the mortality rate is not higher than after primary interventions for such affections.
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PMID:[Surgery of the biliary tract in geriatric patients (author's transl)]. 41 Jan 97

An analysis of lethality in cholecystitis has been carried out. The main complications, which had resulted in the death of 238 patients, were analysed. Purulent complications served as the most common cause of fatal outcome. The authors came to the conclusion on the necessity to broaden indication for an early surgical intervention in acute cholecystitis in elderly patients.
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PMID:[Analysis of the lethality in cholecystitis and the ways for its decrease]. 42 65

Cholecystostomy was performed on 22 patients with acute cholecystitis after partial (13) or complete (9) removal of gallbladder stones. One patient had complementary common-duct drainage. Early mortality occurred in two patients. Three patients with associated cholangitis but intraoperative reflux of cysticduct bile were all treated by cholecystostomy alone and survived. For the poor-risk patient with cholecystitis, cholecystostomy is effective. When there is associated cholangitis and documented cystic-duct patency, cholecystostomy is also sufficient. When accompanying cholangitis is associated with cystic-duct occlusion, choledochotomy and T tube drainage should be added.
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PMID:Reassessment of simple cholecystostomy. 43 66

On the grounds of 98 own clinico-pathomorphologic studies and analysis of 112 records the authors have come to the conclusion that at the root of the pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis in elderly and senile patients is the disorder of the gall-bladder wall blood supply, resulting from thrombosis of atherosclerotic vessels against the back-ground of increased coagulation. The authors believe, that the treatment of cholecystitis in these patients with drugs, decreasing the coagulation of the blood and improving hemocirculation, has pathogenetic grounds.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the pathogenesis and treatment of acute cholecystitis in the middle-aged and elderly]. 45 1

Acute cholecystitis is a rare complication of systemic brucellosis. This report details the occurrence of acute noncalculous cholecystitis in which Brucella suis was cultured from both the blood and the gallbladder. A discussion of the various diagnostic tests and the recommended therapy for brucellosis is included.
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PMID:Brucella-induced cholecystitis. 45 41

A retrospective review of the records of 1,507 patients with a diagnosis of cholecystitis was conducted for the five-year period, 1972 to 1977. Of this group of patients, a histopathologic diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was established in 154 patients (10.2%). Common duct calculi were detected in 17 of these 154 patients, an incidence of 11%. Preoperative evaluation by means of serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels and intravenous cholangiography was unsatisfactory for consistent demonstration of choledocholithiasis in the presence of acute cholecystitis. Intraoperative cholangiography was found to be the most reliable method for detection of common duct calculi and was successfully employed in 14 of 17 patients with choledocholithiasis. The remaining three patients had palpable stones.
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PMID:Choledocholithiasis associated with acute cholecystitis. 46 4

Sixty-three patients with the clinical suspicion of acute cholecystitis were examined with infusion tomography of the gallbladder. Ultrasonography was performed in 51 of these cases. The technique and diagnostic principles of both methods when used in combination is stressed. Thus in a case of gangrenous cholecystitis when opacification of the gallbladder wall may not appear at infusion tomography, ultrasonography may demonstrate signs of gallbladder disease. Infusion tomography, on the other hand, may be of great value if ultrasonography is not informative.
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PMID:Infusion tomography and ultrasonography of the gallbladder in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. 48 19


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