Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007570 (celiac disease)
 13,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We performed a genetic suppressor element screen to identify genes whose inhibition bypasses cellular senescence. A normalized library of fragmented cDNAs was used to select for elements that promote immortalization of rat embryo fibroblasts. Fragments isolated by the screen include those with homology to genes that function in intracellular signaling, cellular adhesion and contact, protein degradation, and apoptosis. They include mouse Tid1, a homologue of the Drosophila tumor suppressor gene l(2)tid, recently implicated in modulation of apoptosis as well as gamma interferon and NF-kappaB signaling. We show that GSE-Tid1 enhances immortalization by human papillomavirus E7 and simian virus 40 T antigen and cooperates with activated ras for transformation. Expression of Tid1 is upregulated upon cellular senescence in rat and mouse embryo fibroblasts and premature senescence of REF52 cells triggered by activated ras. In accordance with this, spontaneous immortalization of rat embryo fibroblasts is suppressed upon ectopic expression of Tid1. Modulation of endogenous Tid1 activity by GSE-Tid1 or Tid1-specific RNA interference alleviates the suppression of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity by Tid1. We also show that NF-kappaB sequence-specific binding is strongly downregulated upon senescence in rat embryo fibroblasts. We therefore propose that Tid1 contributes to senescence by acting as a repressor of NF-kappaB signaling.
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PMID:Functional genetic screen for genes involved in senescence: role of Tid1, a homologue of the Drosophila tumor suppressor l(2)tid, in senescence and cell survival. 1557 82

The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate women' s confidence in performing pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME). Based on the researcher' s own experience and with extended literature review, social cognitive theory and a health promotion model were utilized to formulate the 17-item Chen pelvic floor muscle exercise self-efficacy (PFMSE) scale. Data were collected from 106 urinarily incontinent women and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested. The results showed that the scale has a high Cronbach' s alpha of .95 for its internal consistency. Test-retest reliability over 6-30 days was r = .86 (p < .001), showing acceptable stability of the Chen PFMSE scale. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the initial construct validity, and two factors were extracted, which explained 34.16% and 32.55% of the total variance respectively, with a total of 66.71% . The two factors were named as (1) belief in PFME execution and its benefits, and (2) belief in performing PFME as scheduled and despite barriers. It is also evident that the Chen PFMSE scale satisfies concurrent validity when compared with well-developed and tested instruments such as general self-efficacy ( GSE), perceived PFME benefits, and incontinence impact questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7). The results suggest that the Chen PFMSE scale has solid psychometric properties, and is a useful tool for clinicians to design appropriate interventions and to foster positive PFME self-efficacy during treatment for women with urinary incontinence and undergoing PFME training.
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PMID:The development and testing of the pelvic floor muscle exercise self-efficacy scale. 1561 76

Bacteria associated with 6 habitats of groundnut were evaluated for their broad-spectrum antifungal activity and suppression of collar rot (Aspergillus niger) of groundnut. Three hundred and ninety-three strains were tested against 8 fungal pathogens of groundnut including 5 necrotrophic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Rhizoctonia bataticola, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium rolfsii, and 3 biotrophic fungi, Cercospora arachidicola, Phaeoisariopsis personata, and Puccinia arachidis. Pseudomonas sp. GRS 175, Pseudomonas aeruginosa GPS 21, GSE 18, GSE 19, and GSE 30, and their cell-free culture filtrates were highly antagonistic to all the test fungi. The cell-free culture filtrates of these bacteria were fungicidal and induced mycelial deformations including hyphal bulging and vacuolization in necrotrophic fungi. The cell-free culture filtrates at 10% (v/v) concentration significantly inhibited the spore germination of biotrophic fungi. In the greenhouse, P. aeruginosa GSE 18 emerged as an effective biocontrol agent of collar rot closely followed by P. aeruginosa GSE 19. The bacterium applied as a seed treatment reduced the pre-emergence rotting and postemergence wilting by > 60%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa GSE 18 effectively colonized the groundnut rhizosphere, both in native and in A. niger infested potting mixtures. Ninety-day-old peat formulation of P. aeruginosa GSE 18 had biocontrol ability comparable with the midlog-phase cells. Pseudomonas aeruginosa GSE 18, tolerant to thiram, in combination with the fungicide had an improved collar rot control. The present study was a successful attempt in selection of broad-spectrum and fungicide tolerant biocontrol agents that can be a useful component of integrated management of collar rot.
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PMID:Biological control of collar rot disease with broad-spectrum antifungal bacteria associated with groundnut. 1609 70

We previously identified a novel gonad-specific expression gene (Gse) and investigated its expression during gametogenesis in the mouse testis and ovary. In this study, we generated a polyclonal antibody to GSE protein and determined the profiles of the protein's expression in germ cells and preimplantation embryos in detail using immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence staining. In a Western blot analysis, the anti-GSE antibody recognized long and short isoforms (approximately 27.6 kDa and 23.1 kDa) of the protein in the mouse testis and the long isoform in the ovary. In the mouse testis, GSE protein was expressed in spermatocytes I in the pachytene stage, round spermatids, and elongated spermatids. In the mouse ovary, the protein was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus of all oocytes regardless of the stage of the ovarian follicles. In preimplantation embryos from the pronuclear to blastocyst stage, however, GSE protein was mainly detected in the nuclei of cells. At the blastocyst stage, the protein was confirmed to have accumulated in the inner cell mass (ICM), whereas it had mostly disappeared from the trophectoderm (TE). These findings suggest that GSE protein may play a role in the establishment of nuclear totipotency and may be associated with early lineage specification.
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PMID:Expression and subcellular localization of GSE protein in germ cells and preimplantation embryos. 1657 11

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae general amino-acid permease, Gap1p, is a model for membrane proteins that are regulated by intracellular sorting according to physiological cues set by the availability of amino acids. Here, we report the identification of a conserved sorting complex for Gap1p, named the GTPase-containing complex for Gap1p sorting in the endosomes (GSE complex), which is required for proper sorting of Gap1p from the late endosome for eventual delivery to the plasma membrane. The complex contains two small GTPases (Gtr1p and Gtr2p) and three other proteins (Ybr077c, Ykr007w and Ltv1p) that are located in the late endosomal membrane. Importantly, Gtr2p interacts with the carboxy (C)-terminal cytosolic domain of Gap1p and a tyrosine-containing motif in this domain is necessary both to bind Gtr2p and to direct sorting of Gap1p to the plasma membrane. Together, these studies provide evidence that the GSE complex has a key role in trafficking Gap1p out of the endosome and may serve as coat proteins in this process.
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PMID:A conserved GTPase-containing complex is required for intracellular sorting of the general amino-acid permease in yeast. 1682 Jul 72

Dermatitis herpetiformis DH is a rare, intensely pruritic, chronic, recurrent, papulovesicular disease. The disease can be clearly distinguished from the other subepidermal blistering eruptions by histologic, immunologic, and gastrointestinal criteria. Most patients have an associated gluten-sensitive enteropathy GSE that is usually asymptomatic. Both enteropathy and the dermatologic findings disappear with a gluten-free diet, therefore, DH is thought to be the specific dermatologic finding of celiac disease CD. An association between CD and autoimmune disease has been documented in several studies. Similar associations have been reported in DH. We report a 46-year-old man with DH diagnosed more than 10 years previously who developed GSE, pernicious anemia, and rheumatoid arthritis in the following years.
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PMID:Dermatitis herpetiformis and rheumatoid arthritis. 1745 5

Recontamination of cooked ready-to-eat (RTE) chicken and beef products with Listeria monocytogenes has been a major safety concern. Natural antimicrobials in combinations can be an alternative approach for controlling L. monocytogenes. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the inhibitory activities against L. monocytogenes of nisin (6,400 IU/ ml), grape seed extract (GSE; 1%), and the combination of nisin and GSE both in tryptic soy broth with 0.6% yeast extract (TSBYE) and on the surface of full-fat turkey frankfurters. TSBYE was incubated at 37 degrees C for 72 h and turkey frankfurters at 4 or 10'C for 28 days. Inocula were 6.7 or 5 log CFU per ml or g for TSBYE or frankfurters, respectively. After 72 h in TSBYE, nisin alone did not show any inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes. The combination of nisin and GSE gave the greatest inhibitory activity in both TSBYE and on turkey frankfurters with reductions of L. monocytogenes populations to undetectable levels after 15 h and 21 days, respectively. This combination of two natural antimicrobials has the potential to control the growth and recontamination of L. monocytogenes on RTE meat products.
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PMID:Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes using nisin with grape seed extract on turkey frankfurters stored at 4 and 10 degrees C. 1747 77

The aim of the study was to identify markers for the early diagnosis of endoprosthesis loosening, for the differentiation between wear particle-induced and septic loosening and to gather new insights into the pathogenesis of endoprosthesis loosening. Gene expression profiles were generated from five periprosthetic membranes of wear particle-induced and five of infectious (septic) type using Affymetrix HG U133A oligonucleotide microarrays. The results of selected differentially expressed genes were validated by RT-PCR (n = 30). The enzyme activity and the genotype of chitinase-1 were assessed in serum samples from 313 consecutive patients hospitalized for endoprosthesis loosening (n = 54) or for other reasons, serving as control subjects (n = 259). Eight hundred twenty-four genes were differentially expressed with a fold change greater than 2 (data sets on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ GSE 7103). Among these were chitinase 1, CD52, calpain 3, apolipoprotein, CD18, lysyl oxidase, cathepsin D, E-cadherin, VE-cadherin, nidogen, angiopoietin 1, and thrombospondin 2. Their differential expression levels were validated by RT-PCR. The chitinase activity was significantly higher in the blood from patients with wear particle-induced prosthesis loosening (p = 0.001). However, chitinase activity as a marker for early diagnosis has a specificity of 83% and a sensitivity of 52%, due to a high variability both in the disease and in the control group.
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PMID:Gene expression in endoprosthesis loosening: chitinase activity for early diagnosis? 1790 71

GSEs (grape seed extracts) which contain polyphenolic compounds cause an endothelium-dependent relaxation of blood vessels. The aim of the present study was to examine the mechanisms involved in this response. A well-characterized GSE was applied to rabbit aortic rings suspended in organ baths containing Krebs-Henseleit buffer maintained at 37 degrees C. In aortic rings pre-contacted with noradrenaline (norepinephrine), the extract produced a dose-dependent relaxation. The maximum relaxations elicited by the extract (71.9+/-1.0%) were similar to those elicited by acetylcholine (64.2+/-1.5%) (n=12 for each). As expected, the relaxations were abolished by removal of the endothelium and by prior incubation with L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), confirming the essential role of eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) in the response. The responses to the GSE were also abolished by incubation with wortmannin and LY294002, which are inhibitors of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase). These compounds had no effect on the responses to acetylcholine. Using immunoblotting, we also demonstrated that the GSE induced the phosphorylation of both Akt and eNOS in HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). Finally, the extract was modified by methylation of the hydroxy groups in the polyphenolic groups and was applied to the aortic rings. The modified extract failed to cause a relaxation. Taken together, these findings suggest that the endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by the GSE was mediated by activation of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway through a redox-sensitive mechanism, resulting in phosphorylation of eNOS.
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PMID:Mechanism of the endothelium-dependent relaxation evoked by a grape seed extract. 1792 67

It is thought that increasing the strength of the dentin matrix using crosslinking agents may improve both the strength and the durability of resin-dentin bonds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two collagen crosslinking agents (glutaraldehyde, GD and grape seed extract, GSE) on the modulus of elasticity of demineralized dentin. Sound molar fragments were fully demineralized and divided into five groups according to the type and concentration of crosslinking agents: 2.5% GD; 5% GD, 25% GD; 0.65% GSE; 6.5% GSE. Specimens were immersed in their respective solution and tested at baseline, 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h. The elastic modulus of dentin was significantly affected by the treatment (p < 0.01) and exposure time (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant interaction between the two factors evaluated (treatment vs. time p < 0.01). Mean baselines values varied between 4.8 and 6.2 MPa in water; after 4 h of treatment the values increased between 34.9 and 242.5 MPa, that were treatment time and agent dependent. The use of these collagen crosslinkers to increase the stiffness of demineralized dentin, was both concentration and time dependent.
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PMID:Changes in stiffness of demineralized dentin following application of collagen crosslinkers. 2214 3


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