Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007570 (celiac disease)
 13,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin is recommended as a marker of enteric protein loss and in patients with Crohn's disease as an index of intestinal inflammatory activity. We describe our experience in 88 patients with chronic diarrhea or suspicion of protein-losing enteropathy. We measured alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration in random stool samples (n = 7), quantitative alpha-1-antitrypsin excretion in a 24 h feces collection (n = 59) and fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin clearance (n = 22). 13 of 88 patients with the following diagnoses had increased values: Crohn's disease (3/9), other inflammatory diseases of the small intestine (3/3, Whipple's disease, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, celiac disease), hypertrophic gastropathy (1/4), infectious diarrhea (2/6), irritable bowel syndrome (2/29), chronic pancreatitis (2/32) and diarrhea of other reasons (0/5). In patients with Crohn's disease, alpha-1-antitrypsin excretion correlated with the clinical disease activity. All 3 patients with other inflammatory diseases of the small intestine showed increased fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin. All but 2 of the 32 patients with diarrhea due to chronic pancreatitis had normal values. Of 29 patients with idiopathic diarrhea, only 2 showed slightly increased fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin. 10 of the 11 patients with increased alpha-1-antitrypsin excretion in 24 h stool collection had normal alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration in random stool samples. Of the 5 patients with increased alpha-1-antitrypsin clearance, 4 also had increased alpha-1-antitrypsin in 24 h stool collection, but only one had increased alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration in random stool sample. Fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin measurement proved helpful in differing between inflammatory and non-inflammatory diarrhea.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Initial personal experiences with alpha-1-antitrypsin determination in feces]. 748 35

Measurement in faeces of the principal nutrients, fat (F), water (W) and nitrogen (N) is useful to assess digestive and absorptive functions and thus to monitor patients' progress and response to therapy in malabsorption/maldigestion syndromes. Presently available techniques are not ideal in clinical practice for serial analysis as they are time-consuming and require unpleasant and prolonged handling of the stools. The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of near infrared reflectance analysis (NIRA) in routine measurement of fat, nitrogen and water faecal contents compared with Van de Kamer (VDK), Kjeldahl (KJ) and gravimetric-by-lyophilization (LY) methods, respectively. Fat, nitrogen and water (n = 34), were measured in the 1-day faecal collections of 15 healthy subjects and 19 patients (10, coeliac disease; 6, chronic pancreatitis; 3, small-bowel Crohn's disease). A highly significant linear correlation was found between VDK, KJ, LY methods and NIRA analysis. Very low values of intra-assay coefficient of variation indicated a remarkable analytical precision of NIRA. A recovery test at different concentrations in the useful range was performed for all three nutrients, to assess the accuracy of NIRA. Quantitative recoveries were between 95 and 105%. Data from the present study show that NIRA analysis is reproducible, accurate and rapid (less than 1 min). These characteristics make NIRA serial analysis useful in clinical practice to monitor progress and response to therapy in patients with malabsorption/maldigestion syndromes.
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PMID:Quantitative determination of faecal fat, nitrogen and water by means of a spectrophotometric technique: near infrared reflectance analysis (NIRA). Assessment of its accuracy and reproducibility compared with chemical methods. 775 14

Pain associated with chronic pancreatitis in particular is one of the most difficult and challenging syndromes that are presented to pain centers. Narcotic addiction is a common feature in this population. In this contribution an overview will be provided of the most pain treatment modalities based upon recent developments in the field of physiopathology, surgery, medical imaging and locoregional anesthetic techniques. Based upon personal experience it becomes progressively more clear that the most efficient alternative is not offered via neurolysis of the coeliac plexus. A shortlasting cure of 7-10 days with local anesthetics, injected via a coeliac plexus- or interpleural catheter may offer comparable but better reproducible durations of analgesia. Addition of corticosteroids during celiac plexus anesthesia may have additional benefits. Despite the progress in the field of internal medicine and surgery, a permanent solution is still far away for these patients.
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PMID:Pancreatitis pain treatment: an overview. 784 44

Clinical, biochemical, bacteriologic, instrumental and morphological investigations were performed in 52 children with celiac disease (15 patients with the acute phase and 37 ones during incomplete remission proved by clinical and laboratory data). Incidence of secondary gastroenterological affections presenting as chronic gastroduodenitis, chronic pancreatitis or alterations in the small intestinal mucosa was monitored. Therefore, follow-up of the children with the above diseases was found to be mandatory as was a long-term pathogenetically substantiated treatment with gliadin-free diet.
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PMID:[Current aspects in the clinical picture and diagnosis of gluten enteropathy in children]. 790 54

To determine the importance of preoperative visceral angiography prior to pancreaticoduodenectomy, all Whipple procedures performed between 1985 and 1991 at the Virginia Mason Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. During this period, 77 pancreaticoduodenectomies were performed for both neoplastic disease (n = 54, 70%) and chronic pancreatitis (n = 23, 30%). Sixty-four preoperative angiograms were obtained, of which 39 (61%) were abnormal findings. Thirty percent (19 of 64) of the angiograms revealed a significant vascular abnormality that required specific preoperative or intraoperative measures that might not have been performed without knowledge of these findings. Examples include celiac axis revascularization for celiac occlusion, hepatic artery preservation for replaced vessels, preoperative embolization for pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous fistula, and splenectomy for splenic vein thrombosis. Because of the high percentage of significant findings requiring an intraoperative or preoperative technical change, we recommend the use of angiography in order to diminish morbidity in all patients preparing to undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy.
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PMID:Preoperative visceral angiography alters intraoperative strategy during the Whipple procedure. 809 85

Measurements of the hemodynamic parameters of the superior mesenteric artery were performed in 18 patients with celiac disease. Ten were studied at the time of diagnosis, when a small bowel biopsy showed a flat mucosa. The remaining eight patients were studied after complete clinical and histological recovery induced by a gluten-free diet. Doppler ultrasound flowmetry was used to measure blood flow in physiological and fasting conditions and after a mixed liquid test meal (Ensure-Plus). The results were compared with those of healthy subjects (N = 7). Mean basal flow was 50% higher in untreated celiac disease patients than in healthy controls and patients with chronic pancreatitis (P = NS). Postprandial mesenteric blood flow was significantly increased (P < 0.002) and delayed in time (P < 0.005) in celiac disease as compared to controls. Successful treatment reduced the mesenteric blood flow in celiac disease to normal values. Our study demonstrates that pathophysiological changes in the small bowel mucosa during the active clinical phase of celiac disease induce an abnormal splanchnic circulation.
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PMID:Superior mesenteric artery blood flow in celiac disease. 832 79

The brown bowel syndrome is a rare disorder caused by vitamin E deficiency occurring in malabsorption syndromes. In patients with celiac sprue and chronic pancreatitis, the death rate from malignancy is high. We believe that vitamin E deficiency is responsible for the development of the brown bowel syndrome and may be partially responsible for the high incidence of malignancy in patients with celiac sprue and chronic pancreatitis. We report such a patient, and review the literature.
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PMID:The brown bowel syndrome and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. Two complications of vitamin E deficiency in celiac sprue and chronic pancreatitis? 842 Nov 46

The role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the detection and staging of pancreatic cancer is well established in medical literature. The development of EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and subsequently EUS-guided fine needle injection (FNI) has expanded the clinical utility of EUS. These newer techniques made "interventional" EUS possible. Several recent applications of EUS-guided FNI include celiac nerve block, pseudocyst drainage, and drug delivery into pancreatic tumors. EUS is also gaining acceptance as an alternative diagnostic modality in the management of choledocholithiasis. The value of EUS in the diagnosis of early chronic pancreatitis is still being actively studied. This article reviews a number of recent developments in EUS-guided diagnosis and therapy with an emphasis on EUS-guided FNA and EUS-guided FNI.
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PMID:Endoscopic ultrasound-guided diagnosis and therapy in pancreatic disease. 940 60

Abdominal pain, excruciating and recurrent, is the dominant feature of chronic pancreatitis that initially brings most of the patients to the physician's attention. The pathogenesis of pancreatic pain is often multifactorial and explains why not all patients respond to the same mode of therapy. Increased intraductal pressure as a result of ductal stricture and/or calculi is the most frequent cause for pain in the large majority of patients with large duct disease. Interstitial hypertension, ongoing pancreatic ischemia, neuronal inflammation, and extra pancreatic complications may be the sole or additional factors in the pathogenesis of pain. The management of pain is difficult and requires a team approach. Internist, gastroenterologist, radiologist, surgeon, and a psychiatrist may have to work together to achieve maximum success. Drug and alcohol dependency needs vigorous management by a psychiatrist. Supportive therapy with a low-fat diet and antioxidant supplementation are helpful. When analgesic therapy fails, surgery may have to be considered much before a narcotic dependency develops. If at all of use, oral pancreatic enzyme therapy is suitable only in a selected group of patients--women with idiopathic pancreatitis. Endoscopic papillotomy, stent placement, and stone removal, although becoming popular, are under trial only and appear to be suitable in those with obstructive disease mostly localized to the head of the pancreas without much proximal disease. A patient with a dilated duct system is a good candidate for Puestow's pancreatico-jejunal anastamosis, which appears to be the best surgical procedure. Those with small duct diseases are difficult to be managed. Resective procedures and celiac ganglion blocking are suggested but not of much help.
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PMID:Chronic pancreatitis: pathogenesis and management of pain. 975 70

Pseudoaneurysm of the peripancreatic arteries is a typical cause of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with chronic pancreatitis. 1-10% of chronic pancreatitis are associated with an a pseudoaneurysm, especially of the splenic or gastroduodenal artery. Endoscopy often is not successful in finding the cause of bleeding. Sonography, especially color Doppler ultrasound, is the best diagnostic tool, indicating the need for celiac angiography. We report on a 59-year-old woman with recurrent severe GIB since 1995. In 1998 another bleeding occurred and sonography showed a pseudoaneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery. Typical criteria are an echo-free, pulsatile lesion with an ring-like border. Color Doppler proves a turbulent perfusion inside and shows the feeding vessel. A transcatheter embolization with stainless steel coils was successful, six months later the pseudoaneurysm was mainly obliterated.
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PMID:[An unusual cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: pseudoaneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery in chronic pancreatitis]. 1042 55


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