Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0007222 (cardiovascular disease)
 65,817 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an excess mortality, predominantly attributable to cardiovascular disease. To determine the effect of IDDM on potential risk factors for cardiovascular mortality, we studied subjects from the British Diabetic Twin Study Group. Forty-five identical twin pairs discordant for IDDM were recruited in addition to 45 matched nondiabetic singleton control subjects. All were selected to be normotensive and to have normal albumin excretion rates. Four variables differed significantly between the diabetic twins and their nondiabetic identical co-twins: diabetic twins had higher systolic blood pressure (sBP) ([mean +/- SD] 127 +/- 17 vs. 123 +/- 18 mmHg, P < 0.05), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1.36 +/- 0.31 vs. 1.25 +/- 0.29 mM, P < 0.05) and fibrinogen (3.23 +/- 0.81 vs. 2.98 +/- 0.71 mg/ml, P < 0.05) but lower factor VII (114 +/- 34 vs. 122 +/- 31%, P < 0.05). All four of these risk factors were significantly correlated (P < 0.001) within the identical twin pairs, as were the other risk factors. These significant correlations within twins for the risk factors studied reflects the impact of shared genetic and environmental influences. IDDM affects sBP, HDL cholesterol, fibrinogen, and factor VII, but only sBP and fibrinogen are affected adversely.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in IDDM. A study of identical twins. 819 71

Levels of lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) and various hemostatic factors were studied in 132 Japanese aged > 75 years (mean 83). The group consisted of 50 healthy persons, 36 hypertensive subjects, 31 patients with chronic cerebral infarction, and 15 with coronary artery disease. Lp(a) levels were slightly lower in the healthy "old old" subjects than in the 184 healthy younger adults (mean +/- SD: 10.7 +/- 7.9 vs 12.1 +/- 10.1 mg/dl). There were no gender-related differences in the Lp(a) levels of healthy adults and healthy old old subjects. Lp(a) levels were higher in the hypertensive old old subjects (14.6 +/- 15.4 mg/dl) and the old old patients with cerebral infarction (21.3 +/- 16.2 mg/dl) and coronary artery disease (26.5 +/- 20.4 mg/dl). The prevalence of subjects with high Lp(a) levels (> 30 mg/dl) was the greatest among old old patients with coronary artery disease (27%). Lp(a) levels in the 132 old old subjects showed positive correlations with sialic acid, fibrinogen, factor VII activity, and D-dimer levels. These results indicate a close association between Lp(a) levels and atherothrombotic disease as well as the characteristics of Lp(a) as an acute phase reactant in old old Japanese. Subjects with higher Lp(a) levels may develop cardiovascular disease later in life, whereas the remaining healthy old old subjects have lower Lp(a) levels.
 ...
PMID:Close relation between lipoprotein (a) levels and atherothrombotic disease in Japanese subjects > 75 years of age. 820 36

The relation of hemostatic factor levels to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease is incompletely established. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study measured fibrinogen, factor VII, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor, antithrombin III, protein C, activated partial thromboplastin time, and other cardiovascular risk factors in nearly 15,000 men and women aged 45 to 64. This analysis assessed the relations of these hemostatic factors with prevalent cardiovascular disease and asymptomatic carotid artery intimal-medial thickness measured by B-mode ultrasound. Compared with participants without cardiovascular disease, those with cardiovascular disease had higher levels of fibrinogen, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor in both sexes. The other hemostatic factors were less consistently associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease. Only fibrinogen was associated with carotid intimal-medial thickness. Adjusted for age, race, and field center, the odds ratio for carotid wall thickness in the 90th percentile or greater, compared with < 50th percentile, for each SD higher fibrinogen concentration (65 mg/dL) was 1.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.25, 1.62) in men and 1.43 (1.25, 1.64) in women. This population-based study provides further evidence that fibrinogen and possibly factor VIII and von Willebrand factor are risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Association of hemostatic variables with prevalent cardiovascular disease and asymptomatic carotid artery atherosclerosis. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. 824 Nov 4

Microalbuminuria is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients although the pathogenic mechanism between microalbuminuria and cardiovascular disease has not yet been established. Microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients has been related to abnormalities in haemostasis, poor glycaemic control, disadvantageous alterations in the lipid spectrum and elevated concentrations of lipoprotein(a), another independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In this study the interrelations between microalbuminuria and metabolic control, lipoprotein(a), other blood lipids and several haemostasis parameters were studied in 96 NIDDM patients (50 women, 46 men). Forty-three patients showed microalbuminuria. No significant differences were found in blood lipids (Lp(a), serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides), glycaemic control (HbA1c) and several haemostasis parameters (factor VII, VIII, fibrin monomer, thrombin-antithrombin III, D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) between the micro- and normoalbuminuric subgroups. In the microalbuminuric subgroup increased concentrations for plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin were measured. In general, the presence of microalbuminuria was not associated with significant alterations in glycaemic control, blood lipids or haemostasis parameters in this group of 96 NIDDM patients. Further investigation is required to explain the excess cardiovascular mortality in patients with an elevated urinary albumin excretion rate.
 ...
PMID:The effect of microalbuminuria on glycaemic control, serum lipids and haemostasis parameters in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 825 Apr 95

Although elevated blood pressure is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the elderly, little information exists on the distribution and risk factor correlates of blood pressure in this group. As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based cohort study of 5201 men and women aged 65 to 101 years, we investigated correlates of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for all participants and a subgroup of 2482 without coronary heart disease and not on antihypertensive therapy (the "healthier" subgroup). In the total group, independent predictors of diastolic blood pressure included heart rate, aortic root dimension, creatinine, hematocrit, alcohol use, and black race (positive associations) and internal carotid artery wall thickness, mitral early/late peak flow velocity, white blood cell count, cigarette smoking, and age (negative associations). Positive predictors of systolic blood pressure included mitral late peak flow velocity, left ventricular mass, common carotid artery wall thickness, serum albumin, factor VII, diabetes, alcohol use, and age; negative predictors were coronary heart disease, uric acid, height, and smoking. In the healthier subgroup, positive predictors of diastolic blood pressure included heart rate, hematocrit, serum albumin, creatinine, and body weight, whereas mitral early/late peak flow velocity, serum potassium, smoking, and age inversely related to diastolic pressure. For the same group, common carotid artery wall thickness, left ventricular mass, serum albumin, factor VII, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and age were directly related to systolic blood pressure, whereas serum potassium was inversely related. Both systolic and diastolic pressures varied considerably by geographic site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Correlates of blood pressure in community-dwelling older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Collaborative Research Group. 828 31

Microalbuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the pathophysiological basis of this association is not clear. To see whether or not hemostatic dysfunctions might contribute to explain this association, we measured tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), factor VII activity, plasma fibrinogen, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 13 microalbuminuric (albumin excretion rate [AER], 20-200 micrograms/min) and in 13 comparable normoalbuminuric (< 20 micrograms/min) IDDM patients. t-PA and ET-1 were similar in the two groups, whereas PAI-1 activity (5.65 +/- 1.92 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.58 IU/ml, P < 0.05), factor VII (87.85 +/- 4.94 vs. 76.54 +/- 2.31%, P < 0.05), and plasma fibrinogen (3.38 +/- 0.21 vs. 2.65 +/- 0.13 g/l, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric patients. Plasma fibrinogen was related to AER (r2 = 0.23, P < 0.05), whereas triglycerides and factor VII were related to PAI-1 (r2 = 0.39, P < 0.001 and r2 = 0.10, P < 0.05). These results suggest that microalbuminuria is associated with a hypercoagulative and hypofibrinolytic state. Hemostatic dysfunctions might be a pathogenetic link between microalbuminuria and CVD.
 ...
PMID:PAI-1 and factor VII activity are higher in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. 831 15

Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that the hemostatic profile is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease, yet its dietary determinants are not well established. An important question is whether dietary fatty acid intake influences blood levels of coagulation proteins. We examined potential dietary determinants of six hemostatic factors--fibrinogen, factor VII, factor (vWF), protein C, and antithrombin III--in four population-based samples totaling over 15,000 participants, blacks and whites, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Usual dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Cross-sectional associations were explored using multiple linear regression analysis, adjusting for gender, race, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, diabetes, and field center. Dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) showed negative associations with fibrinogen, factor VIII, and vWF (blacks and whites) and a positive association with protein C (whites only). Fish intake, the major source of dietary n-3 PUFAs, was similarly related to the hemostatic profile: a 1 serving per day greater fish intake was associated with the following predicted differences (95% confidence interval): fibrinogen, -2.9 mg/dL (-6.3, 0.5); factor VIII, -3.3% (-5.4, -1.3); vWF, -2.7% (-5.2, -0.1) (blacks and whites); and protein C, +0.07 microgram/mL (0.03, 0.11) (whites only). Other nutrients or foods were variably associated with the hemostatic factors. These population-based associations, although cross-sectional, suggest that increases in n-3 PUFA intake from fish may modify the blood levels of several coagulation factors.
 ...
PMID:Associations of fish intake and dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with a hypocoagulable profile. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. 834 95

Elevated plasma levels of fibrinogen, factor VII coagulant activity (F VIIc), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) have been reported to be strictly associated with thrombotic events and are considered to be important risk markers of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we evaluated in 15 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) the plasma levels of these coagulation factors, basal insulin values, and the lipid pattern in comparison with 33 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 59 healthy subjects. In CAPD the total cholesterol and triglyceride results were significantly increased, but no difference was found in HDL cholesterol. Fibrinogen and F VIIc results were significantly higher in CAPD and HD than in the control group, probably due to an increased hepatic synthesis as a nonspecific response to the peritoneal protein loss. Elevated F VIIc activity may be caused by the presence of large negatively charged lipoproteins, in vivo thrombin formation, or reduced hepatic clearance. Both PAI 1 and t-PA results were higher in CAPD, probably due to an increased synthesis by endothelial cells activated by glucose peritoneal absorption and hypertonic dialysis solutions. The contemporary elevation of fibrinogen, F VIIc, PAI-1, and t-PA suggests that CAPD patients present a hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis condition, which may promote the development of atherothrombotic events.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors of ischemic cardiac disease in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 839 23

Several prospective and cross-sectional studies have proposed that an association exists between elevated coagulation factor VII levels and cardiovascular disease. Not all of these studies used the same method to assess the factor VII levels. Although the most common method is the one-stage factor assay, there are numerous variables in the composition of this assay. Also, factor VII may circulate in plasma in several forms. The relative contribution of each of these forms to the assay result is presently unknown. Future efforts may help to standardize factor VII assays, improve understanding of the influence of the various forms of factor VII, and identify nonfactor VII components that may both affect assay results and be potential indicators for risk of cardiovascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Factor VII assays. 841 63

Based on previous cross-sectional findings, we hypothesized that weight loss could improve several hemostatic factors associated with cardiovascular disease. In a randomized controlled trial, moderately overweight men and women were assigned to one of four weight loss treatment groups or to a control group. Measurements of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, D-dimer antigen, factor VII activity, fibrinogen, and protein C antigens were made at baseline and after 6 months in 90 men and 88 women. Net treatment weight loss was 9.4 kg in men and 7.4 kg in women. There was no net change (p > 0.05) in D-dimer, fibrinogen, or protein C with weight loss. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases were observed in the combined treatment groups compared with the control group for mean PAI-1 (31% decline), t-PA antigen (24% decline), and factor VII (11% decline). Decreases in these hemostatic variables were correlated with the amount of weight lost and the degree that plasma triglycerides declined; these correlations were stronger in men than women. These findings suggest that weight loss can improve abnormalities in hemostatic factors associated with obesity.
 ...
PMID:Impact of weight loss on plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), factor VII, and other hemostatic factors in moderately overweight adults. 842 53


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>