Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007138 (transitional cell carcinoma)
 3,949 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between July 1994 and July 2001, all patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of urinary bladder (pT1 and pTa), 7 days after undergoing transurethral resection of tumor were subjected to intravesical instillation of 60 mg BCG (Danish 1331) combined with 5 million IU interferon alpha-2b (Intron-A) mixed with 50 ml of physiological saline weekly for 8 weeks, then fortnightly for 8 weeks, then monthly for 8 weeks, followed by maintenance dose at the end of the 9th, 12th, 18th, 24th months. Each instillation was for 2 h duration with an average follow-up period of 60 months. At the end of the 1st year of follow-up 84% of patients had no tumor recurrence which dropped to 36% at the end of 5-year follow-up, while no incidence of disease progression at the end of the first year was recorded but was 20% at the end of 5 years, thereby resulting in a disease progression-free 5-year interval in 80% of our patients. Drug tolerance was excellent with a very low incidence of toxicity.
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PMID:Combined low-dose intravesical immunotherapy (BCG + interferon alpha-2b) in the management of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a five-year follow-up. 1201 77

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) provides a unique model of cancer recurrence and progression. Sequential tumours (n=100) from 57 patients with an index pTa or pT1 TCC were studied using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), to determine aberrations of chromosomes 1 and 8. Thirty-seven patients experienced recurrences; eleven developed muscle invasive tumours (pT2+). Polysomy of chromosomes 1 or 8 was associated with pT1 TCC (P=0.0017 and P=0.0037, respectively), but not with recurrence. Progression was associated with polysomy of chromosomes 1 (P=0.003) and 8 (P=0.011) in pTa/pT1 recurrences, but not with stage. In conclusion, patients who subsequently developed invasive TCC (pT2+) had significantly higher rates of aneusomy (90%) in their superficial cancers than those patients who did not progress (P=0.009). Investigation of sequential tumours in patients with recurrent and progressive TCC showed that polysomy of chromosomes 1 and 8 were linked to subsequent detrusor muscle invasion, but not recurrence per se.
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PMID:Progression to detrusor-muscle invasion in bladder carcinoma is associated with polysomy of chromosomes 1 and 8 in recurrent pTa/pT1 tumours. 1214 47

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common bladder tumor and approximately 90% of bladder TCC are superficial at initial diagnosis. High recurrence rate and possible progression to muscle invasive disease that is eventually indicated for radical cystectomy are established features of these tumors. Therefore, reliable predictors of tumor recurrence are of critical importance for management of superficial bladder TCC. Successful molecular diagnosis of bladder cancer by detecting genetic lesions: loss of heterozygosity (LOH) or microsatellite instability (MSI) in cells exfoliated in urine has been reported by several groups including ours. The aim of our study was to evaluate the predictive potential of microsatellite analysis of cells exfoliated in urine in the detection of superficial bladder TCC recurrence. We studied 47 Caucasian patients with confirmed superficial bladder TCC (37 pTa, 10 pT1) at initial diagnosis. Blood samples were obtained once from every patient whereas urine samples were collected before each cystoscopy (initial and follow-up). Matched DNAs from blood and urine were subjected to microsatellite analysis in a blinded fashion. The follow-up period ranged 12-48 months after tumor resection. Microsatellite analysis correctly identified 94% (44/47) of primary tumors and 92% (12/13) of tumor recurrences. Interestingly enough, 75% (9/12) of tumor recurrences were molecularly detected 1-9 months before cystoscopic evidence of recurrent disease. This study demonstrated clearly that not only urine microsatellite analysis reliably detected superficial bladder tumors, but also was a reliable test for detecting and predicting tumor recurrence in Caucasian patients. These results warrant multicenter randomized trials.
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PMID:Non-invasive molecular detection of bladder cancer recurrence. 1220 82

Detrusor muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma is associated with poor prognosis and is responsible for the majority of bladder cancer related deaths. Amplifications of c-myc and CCND1 are associated with detrusor-muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma, however, their precise role in driving disease progression is unclear. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation on archival tissue from 16 patients with primary diagnosis of > or = pT2 transitional cell carcinoma and 15 cases with primary pTa/pT1 disease subsequently progressing to detrusor-muscle-invasion was performed, in the latter group both pre and post muscle invasive events were studied. No patients presenting with >/=pT2 had amplification of c-myc, two out of 16 (12.5%) had CCND1 amplification. Of patients who developed > or = pT2, two out of 15 (13.3%) had amplification of c-myc, both in > or = pT2, five out of 15 (33.3%) had CCND1 amplification, two in pTa/pT1 tumours, three in > or = pT2 transitional cell carcinomas. In total, two out of 31 (6.5%) of patients' > or = pT2 TCCs were amplified for c-myc and six out of 31 (19%) were amplified for CCND1. Eighty-seven per cent (40 out of 46) of tumours were polysomic for chromosome 8 and 80% (37 out of 46) were polysomic for chromosome 11 and this reflected the high copy numbers of c-myc and CCND1 observed. In almost all cases an increase in c-myc/CCND1 copy number occurred prior to invasion and persisted in advanced disease. Amplification of CCND1 or alterations in c-myc/CCND1 early in bladder cancer may have clinical relevance in promoting and predicting progression to detrusor-muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Genetic aberrations of c-myc and CCND1 in the development of invasive bladder cancer. 1223 76

Recurrence due to invasive growth is the major risk factor of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of urinary bladder. The interactions of hyaluronic acid (HA) and its receptors, CD44 and RHAMM, on cancer cells can promote invasion and metastasis but parallel study on these two genes in TCCs has not been available. The current work is aimed to address this issue by frozen tissue array-based immunocytochemical staining and Western blot hybridization. The results revealed that 19 out of 28 non-cancerous mucosa (68%) expressed CD44, in which 9 (33%) harbored variant exon 6 (v6). CD44 and v6 were both 5/11 (46%) in papillary, non-invasive carcinomas (pTa) and 6/14 (43%) in the tumors remained in sub-epithelial layer (pT1), while 5/29 (17%) and 3/29 (10%) in pT2-4 invasive tumors. RHAMM expression was uncommon in non-cancerous mucosa (5/28) but became frequent in pTa (9/11), pT1 (12/14) and pT2-4 (24/29) tumors. RHAMM proteins were labeled intracellularly and showed more than one isoforms. Our data further confirm the promising prognostic value of CD44 for TCC patients and demonstrate, for the first time, the correlation between RHAMM expression and malignant transformation of urothelial cells.
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PMID:Differential expression patterns of hyaluronan receptors CD44 and RHAMM in transitional cell carcinomas of urinary bladder. 1246 44

We report three cases of inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder. Case 1. A 19-year-old male complained of pollakisuria, gross hematuria and micturition pain. Cystoscopy revealed a smooth-surfaced tumor on a stalk at the bladder neck. The tumor was removed transurethrally. Histological diagnosis was inverted papilloma. As a safe guard, intravesical chemotherapy (Adriamycin) was performed, since pathological findings revealed a small region with mild atypical cells in the removed tumor. The patients has been subsequently followed up for ten years without any evidence of recurrence. Case 2. A 63-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of a bladder tumor incidentally found by abdominal ultrasonography. The tumor was removed transurethrally. Histological diagnosis was inverted papilloma. The patient has been subsequently followed up for one year without any evidence of recurrence. Case 3. A 71-year-old male complained of pollakisuria, loss of urinary force and interruption of the urinary stream. A smooth-surfaced tumor found at the bladder neck was removed transurethrally. Histological diagnosis was inverted papilloma. Three months later, cystoscopy revealed two sessile papillary tumors on the left lateral wall of the urinary bladder. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma (G2, pTa). Although the inverted papilloma is a benign tumor, there is a possibility of recurrence or development of transitional cell carcinoma. Therefore, we advocate periodical follow-up examinations.
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PMID:[Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder: three case reports]. 1249 19

Various tumor markers for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder have been described, but none of them are used in clinical routine. Fibronectin, a glycoprotein, seems to play a very important role in both the progression and invasion of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate cellular fibronectin (cFN) in the urine and blood of patients with TCC of the bladder and to determine its possible role as a tumor marker and prognostic factor. Morning urine samples and blood were collected from 20 patients (8 women, 12 men, mean age 69.9 years) before they underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURB). Twenty patients (10 women, 10 men, mean age 63.4 years) with nonmalignant urological disorders were recruited as the control group. Determination of cFN in plasma and urine was performed by using a newly developed time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA). Patients with nonmalignant diseases had mean cFN plasma levels of 404 ng/ml (range 181-746 ng/ml). Patients with TCC of the bladder showed significantly higher cFN plasma levels of 686 ng/ml (range 274-1999 ng/ml, p<0.05). Subdivided according to the TNM system, muscle-invasive bladder tumors (n=5) demonstrated higher cFN plasma levels (mean 944 ng/ml) than superficial bladder tumors (n=15, mean 463 ng/ml). There were no differences of plasma cFN concentrations concerning tumor grade and also no differences in urine levels between the different groups. We found a significant difference (p<0.04) of cFN plasma levels between patients with TCC of the bladder and the control group. The difference in cFN plasma levels between pTa/pT1 and >or=pT2 tumors indicates a clinically useful potential of this tumor marker for preoperative staging and postoperative follow-up. Our data underline the important but still unclear role of cFN as a tumor marker in TCC, and this will be the focus of future studies.
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PMID:Cellular fibronectin in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. 1259 15

A 52-year-old man underwent nephroureterectomy against left distal ureteral cancer (transitional cell carcinoma, Grade 2, pTa), and was followed up by surveillance alone. Twenty-two months postoperatively, a pedunculated tumor was found in the anterior urethra by cystourethroscopy. Pathological examination of the tumor resected transurethrally revealed a fibroepithelial polyp. There have been only twelve cases of fibroepithelial polyp of the anterior urethra reported in the literature. Since 4 out of 8 adult cases among them were found during the postoperative follow up period of urothelial cancer, mechanical irritation by repeated transurethral procedures might be responsible for the development of fibroepithelial polyp of the anterior urethra in these cases. If anterior urethral tumor is found during follow-up urothelial carcinoma, benign urethral polyp should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:[Fibroepithelial polyp of the anterior urethra, found during post-operative follow-up of ureteral cancer]. 1262 78

Renal transplantation (RTx) recipients have a high incidence of cancer, including transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Posttransplantation urologic malignancies still present a challenge for transplant surgeons. Using the Dialysis and Transplant Registry of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, a total of 55 cancers were diagnosed in 52 RTx recipients between May 1983 and September 2001. Of these, 24 RTx recipients developing TCC were identified and presented the distinctly high percentage (43.6%) of TCC that were malignancies after RTx in Taiwan. The mean time between transplantation and initial diagnosis was 46 months in our series. Painless hematuria with pyuria is the most common mode of presentation. Transitional cell carcinoma of RTx recipients had multiple foci. Moreover, synchronous TCC in bilateral upper urinary tracts were confirmed in 9 (41%) recipients. The pathologic status of disease is invasive at diagnosis (pTa: 2, pT1: 7, pT2: 4, pT3: 6, pT4: 2, graft metastasis: 1 and distant metastasis: 2). Disseminated metastasis occurred in 6 recipients, all of whom died of their disease within 16 months. Five recipients received adjuvant chemotherapy and retained stable renal function. We conclude that RTx recipients have a markedly increased incidence of TCC in Taiwan, and that prophylactic bilateral nephroureterectomy of native kidneys with bladder cuff excision can be performed simultaneously in RTx recipients with TCC.
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PMID:Transitional cell carcinoma in renal transplant recipients. 1278 44

We report a patient whose irritable bladder symptoms following Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation were satisfactorily treated by steroid administration. A 59-year-old male had undergone transurethral resection for the bladder carcinoma recurred three times. The histopathological examination revealed the tumor as transitional cell carcinoma, G1 to G2, and pTa. Subsequently an instillation of 80 mg BCG into the bladder was planned 8 times every 7 days. After the 5th instillation he presented with gross hematuria, painful micturition, pollakisuria, urgency and reduced bladder capacity of 15 ml. The dose was reduced to 40 mg and another 3 instillations were accomplished. Since conventional treatments of anti-cholinergics, analgesics and epidural anesthesia were of little help for the subjective symptoms, he was put on the steroid pulse therapy 2 weeks after completion of the BCG regimen. The treatment gradually improved the subjective symptoms and increased the bladder capacity up to 160 ml. In conclusion, we believe that the steroid pulse therapy deserves considering in the early stage of irritable bladder symptoms following BCG instillation.
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PMID:[A case in which severely irritable bladder following intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette Guerin was successfully treated by steroid therapy]. 1291 Sep 34


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