Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007112 (prostatic adenocarcinoma)
 2,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor that can be difficult to distinguish from a true sarcoma. The authors report 12 patients in whom the typical light microscopic appearance of prostatic adenocarcinoma was accompanied by the appearance of spindled or pleomorphic sarcomatoid areas within the same specimen or in subsequent accessions. Immunostaining or electron microscopic study demonstrated epithelial differentiation within the sarcomatoid area(s) in 6 of the 11 patients in whom special studies were performed. All nine patients for whom follow-up data were available died of disease within 3 to 48 months (median time until death, 12.0 months) after the appearance of the sarcomatoid carcinoma, and the clinical course in each instance was characterized by aggressive local recurrence. Our experience confirms that sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is an aggressive variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate. A clinicopathologic study of 12 patients. 157 97

A unique triad of a carcinosarcoma and an adenocarcinoma of the prostate as well as an adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles in a 67-year-old man is reported. The carcinosarcoma was investigated by immunohistochemical methods. The mesenchymal parts of the sarcoma showed chondromatous differentiation expressed by S-100 protein and vimentin. The undifferentiated epithelial elements of the carcinosarcoma reacted positively to the panepithelial antibody lu-5 and to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The adenocarcinoma of the prostate stained with antibodies to panepithelial antigen (lu-5), prostatic acid phosphatase, prostate specific antigen and CEA, whereas the adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles reacted only to lu-5 and CEA. The literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the prostate in combination with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles. A case report with immunocytochemical analysis and review of the literature. 220 34

Tumour-induced host-cell transformation has been addressed by examining human tumours in situ and following xenograft to nude mice. We have found evidence for the transformation of host stromal fibroblasts both in vivo and following the introduction of the tumours to in vitro culture. The in vitro culture of one such xenograft--derived from a human prostatic adenocarcinoma--resulted in the outgrowth of a transformed aneuploid mouse cell line. This transformed line was tumourigenic both in BALB/c nu/nu (nude) mice and in heterozygous nu/+mice, with the morphology of a spindle-cell sarcoma. The cell line did not express human isozymes or human histocompatibility antigens, nor were human chromosomes present. Moreover, human DNA sequences were not detected by human Alu repeat sequence element probing in the transformed cell line grown either in vitro or in vivo. The line contained retroviral long terminal repeat sequences but there was no evidence of proviral activation. These findings indicate that tumour cells may cause transformation of neighbouring stromal cells; that this transformation may proceed in the absence of DNA transfer or activation of endogenous proviruses; and that the means of this observed transformation may involve humoral factors elaborated by the tumour cells.
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PMID:Tumour-induced host stromal-cell transformation: induction of mouse spindle-cell fibrosarcoma not mediated by gene transfer. 238 76

The present status of the treatment with fast neutrons performed in Asian countries is reviewed and the experiences with respect to the radiobiological indications are presentated and discussed. There are three facilities under operation, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Chiba, the Institute of Medical Science (IMS) in Tokyo and the Korea Cancer Center Hospital (KCCH) in Seoul. The clinical experiences can be summarized as follows: Fast neutrons are the treatment of choice for carcinoma of the salivary gland, Pancoast tumor of the lung, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma and malignant melanoma. Provided the isodose planning can be improved, it seems that also squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and esophagus, adenocarcinoma of the lung, stage I and prostatic adenocarcinoma can be benefit from neutron therapy. The same holds for malignant meningioma, while the benefit for glioblastoma multiforme has not yet been confirmed. Studies are going on for the treatment of other cancers and for evaluating the possible role of neutron therapy in combination with surgery.
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PMID:Present status of fast neutron therapy in Asian countries. 265 57

At the close of each decade, we are reminded by medical statisticians that our longevity increases significantly. For the male, especially if he be of black race this statement has an ironic twist. Over age 70, prostatic "cancer" assumes the leadership list of "cancers" in general, supplanting lung and colo-rectal. One interesting point evolved by careful autopsy studies suggests that this incidence is found coincidentally and is not primarily responsible for the cause of death. This illustrates a different significance to other neoplasia, and offers useful opportunities to study the evolution of a neoplasm. In contrast to other "cancers" (for example pulmonary), the histological nature of the tumor is almost totally derived from the acinar lobules and designated adenocarcinoma. Neoplasia arising from the fibromuscular stroma (sarcoma) and metaplastic ductus (squamous cell carcinoma) constitute less than 1% of all prostate cancers. Histological appearances, however, are not as simple as hoped. As in many tumors the section may present a uniform well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in which the acinar structure is well maintained--yet at the opposing end of the spectrum show a fatally dedifferentiated picture whose organ origin is difficult to determine. Adding to the complication is the wide variation, far more commonly seen, of the mixed tumor with all variations presenting a composite panorama of histology. Indeed the pure type is rare. As with all neoplastic disease, early detection is critical, since opportunity for cure with the various forms of therapy from surgery through radiation to chemotherapy are increasing rapidly. The prostate gland is relatively accessible to the trained finger of the physician and later stages of the disease are palpable. However, the earliest Stage (I) is not discovered by rectal examination, hence provides an ideal opportunity for the serum tumor marker, to identify disease. Since 1938, disseminated prostatic adenocarcinoma has been associated with elevation of activity of an enzyme acid phosphatase. Although there are several isoenzymes the prostatic specific one has in the past been assayed by different spectrophotometric techniques using selective substrate and chemical inhibition. More recently various immunological methods have added a greater sensitivity and specificity to the early detection of prostatic adenocarcinoma. However is should be clearly stated that prostatic acid phosphatase is not cancer specific and can be associated with other nonmalignant lesions in the prostate gland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The laboratory diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. 614 53

Although priapism secondary to hematologic malignancies has been well described, review of the literature reveals 75 case reports of priapism due to local corporeal involvement by solid tumors. Our recent experience with 6 cases of local invasion of the corporeal bodies is reviewed. Three transitional cell carcinomas, one prostatic adenocarcinoma, one rectal carcinoma, and one sarcoma comprise the series. Three patients presented with priapism as their chief complaint, and 3 patients presented with priapism as their first sign of recurrence. Therapy included corporeal curettage, surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. None of the modalities was entirely effective, although chemotherapy seemed to offer the best palliation.
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PMID:Priapism due to solid malignancy. 670 39

The effectivenss of maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP) as an antitumour immune adjuvant was verified by its comparison with other known immunopotentiators, namely BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, levamisole and pyran copolymer. Copenhagen x Fisher 344/CRBL F1 hybrid male rats inoculated s.c. with the Dunning R3327A prostatic adenocarcinoma were used as the test system. All animals treated with immunoadjuvants showed a delay in tumour appearance and inhibition of early tumour growth. MTP was found to be the most effective, followed by levamisole, BCG, pyran copolymer and C. parvum in order of decreasing efficacy. Intratumoral treatment of small or large s.c. tumours with BCG, MTP and C. parvum was ineffective in our cases. However, this treatment was effective with MTP and BCG if they were used against a differentiated form of R3327 tumour. MTP and levamisole were found to be equally effective when given orally in drinking water. Experiments involving surgical excision of tumours followed by MTP therapy in two s.c. implanted animal tumour models (viz. a poorly immunogenic ascites mammary carcinoma 13762 in Fisher 344/CRBL rats, and an SV40 virus-induced sarcoma of low immunogenicity in Syrian hamster) showed beneficial effects of MTP on local tumour recurrence and tumour growth. Pre- and postoperative MTP treatment was at least as effective as postoperative MTP treatment alone.
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PMID:The antitumour activity of maltose tetrapalmitate compared with other immunoadjuvants, and its effectiveness after tumour surgery. 745 8

Management of non-resectable pelvic tumours by intra-arterial local chemotherapy was shown to be beneficial but systemic toxicity limits its use. To overcome this problem isolated pelvic perfusion (IPP) was introduced as an alternative. This study summarizes our preliminary experience with IPP in the treatment of 18 non-resectable pelvic tumours [recurrent rectal adenocarcinoma (six), soft tissue sarcoma (STS) (five), bone tumour (three), epidermoid carcinoma (two), prostatic adenocarcinoma (one), malignant melanoma (one)]. Results of IPP were regarded as complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD) and disease progression (DP) according to the changes in three parameters including; scoring in pain, tumour marker and tumour size measurements. Complete and partial remission were established in five (27%) and seven (39%) patients respectively indicating a benefit ratio of 66%. Objective pain relief was encountered in 53% of the cases. All patients with STS had undergone further surgical treatment after IPP with successful curative resections in four. No residual tumour was found at the laparotomy of the fifth patient. Presenting symptom of the prostatic adenocarcinoma patient was symptomatic hypoglycaemia which resolved completely after IPP. To our knowledge, this represents the first case reported in the English literature in whom tumour related hypoglycaemia was successfully managed by IPP. In conclusion; management of non-resectable pelvic tumours by IPP seems to offer serious palliation and increase in the quality of life without any systemic toxicity. Our preliminary experience suggests even resectability may be achieved in a number of patients especially in those with STS.
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PMID:Treatment of non-resectable pelvic malignancies by isolated pelvic perfusion. A preliminary study. 758 1

Specimens from 334 Chinese patients who underwent surgical treatment for bladder tumours over a 6 year period were studied retrospectively. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) accounted for 91.3% of all the bladder tumours. The male to female ratio was 3:1 and the mean age was 69 years. Papillary TCC, which represented 67.5% of all TCC, were more often of a lower grade compared to non-papillary tumours. The staging of tumours was done for the 102 cystectomy specimens with TCC only. Among these, 28% were superficial while 72% were muscle-invasive and the papillary TCC usually presented at an earlier stage. Infiltration into the prostate gland was identified in 11% of male patients while coexisting adenocarcinoma of the prostate was observed in another 4.2%. Other types of carcinoma were uncommon. Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma accounted for 2.7, 1.8 and 0.6% of all bladder tumours, respectively. A rare case of sarcomatoid carcinoma was also found, but no true sarcoma was documented in this series. Benign lesions included five inverted papillomas, three nephrogenic adenomas, two paragangliomas and one haemangioma.
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PMID:Bladder tumours in Chinese: a 6 year study. 804 94

Tumor perfusion and oxygenation status have been suggested as factors which may influence treatment outcome in cancer patients. Nuclear medicine assays of tumor perfusion [99mTc-hexamethylpropylenamine oxime (HMPAO)] and tumor hypoxia [123I-iodoazomycin arabinoside (IAZA)] have recently been developed and described. We report on measurements of perfusion and oxygenation status of 27 tumors in 22 patients using these probes. An inverse correlation between tumor uptake of HMPAO and IAZA was measured (p < 0.05), with severe perfusion deficit usually associated with an increased uptake of the hypoxic marker. This trend was observed for limited stage small-cell lung carcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck, soft-tissue sarcoma, brain metastases from small-cell lung carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the prostate as a group, but not for glioblastoma multiforme. Whereas each imaging agent can yield information about the physiological status of tumor and normal tissue, the information resulting from their combined use could be important in cancer therapy.
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PMID:Imaging tumor hypoxia and tumor perfusion. 838 42


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