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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the 48-month survival analysis of 76 evaluable pyriform sinus carcinoma cases, nodal stage and size played the most significant prognosis-affecting roles. N3 stage and node greater than 3 cm decreased the survival fourfold and threefold, respectively, at statistically significant levels. The difference between the 35 per cent preoperative radiation therapy and 3 per cent radical radiation therapy cumulative 48-mouth survivals was significant at p less than 0.01. Complication rates were 6 per cent with radical radiation, 35 per cent with preoperative radiation and 43 per cent with curative surgery.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in pyriform sinus carcinoma. 54 48

From January, 1973, to June, 1976, 226 patients with palpable ovarian masses were evaluated preoperatively by lymphography. Histology showed 166 cases of malignant epithelial tumors, 26 benign tumors, and 34 malignant special tumors (not included in this report). Furthermore, the group of patients included 99 recurrences of ovarian epithelial cancer and 24 patients who underwent restaging diagnostic procedures without clinical evidence of disease. Lymphography was negative in all patients with benign tumors. In the 289 cases of epithelial cancer, lymphangiography gave evidence of nodal metastases in 88 (30%). When the histological subtype was considered, the highest incidence of metastases was in undifferentiated carcinoma (50%) and the lowest, in mesonephroid carcinoma (14%). According to the stage before lymphography, nodal metastases were found in 8% of Stage I, 0% of Stage II, 29% of Stage III, and 53% of Stage IV cases. The incidence of metastases was 46% in patients studied for recurrent disease and 17% in patients studied for restaging. Fifty-four percent of patients had metastases only in the pelvic nodes and 18% only in the para-aortic chains; in 28% both chains were involved simultaneously. Bilateral involvement was found in 63% of the positive cases. Retroperitoneal node biopsies were performed in 68 patients (36%). The radiologic/histologic correlation was 100% in the lymphangiographically positive cases; 81% in the negative cases, with nine false-negative reports; and 87% in all cases.
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PMID:Lymphangiography in patients with ovarian epithelial cancer: an evaluation of 289 consecutive cases. 56 50

In age-matched patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid, the tumor recurred in 32 per cent of those with lymph node metastases and in 14 per cent of those without lymph node metastases. Twenty-four per cent of patients with nodal involvement at the initial examination died of thyroid cancer, whereas only 8 per cent of those without nodal involvement died of thyroid cancer. In patients less than forty years old, there were no deaths in those without nodal metastases bu there were three deaths (11 per cent) in patients with nodal metastases. In patients more than forty years old, nine (41 per cent) iwth nodal metastases died of tumor, and four (15 per cent) without nodal metastases died of tumor. In the presence of positive nodes the death rate was substantially greater in the older than in the younger patients. Nodal involvement has an adverse effect on prognosis, but appears to be less important than the age of the patient.
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PMID:Significance of lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer. 56 16

To aid in the selection of breast cancer patients for adjuvant chemotherapy, 263 patients with primary breast carcinoma undergoing curative surgery at the Yale-New Haven Medical Center were examined with respect to axillary lymph node involvement and prognosis. Thirty-five percent of patients with one to three axillary nodes histologically involved with cancer relapsed within five years, as did 61% of patients with four or more cancer-positive nodes. Equally important was the clinical stage. Stage III patients had a poor prognosis (71% relapse rate) regardless of their axillary status. Stage I patients with metastasis to one to three axillary nodes did just as well as stage I patients with no nodal involvement (13% relapse rate). Relapse rates within the nodal categories are significnatly less (P less than .05) than those reported by the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project.
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PMID:Selection of breast cancer patients for adjuvant chemotherapy. Another look at the prognostic importance of involved lymph nodes. 57 42

The surgical and liver scintigraphic findings were compared for evaluation of preoperative diagnostic value in 146 cases of gastric carcinoma. Correct diagnosis was found in 95% with a false negative rate of 2.7% and a false positive rate of 27%. In all the false negative cases, the size of all space-occupying lesions within the liver was less than 3 cm. in diameter. In view of the high percentage of correct diagnosis (95%), we believe that the preoperative liver scintigraphy is very useful clinically. Furthermore, we documented that liver metastasis is a late complication of gastric cancer and suggest that new diagnostic tools are needed to assess the presence of nodal metastasis, serosal infiltration and peritoneal dissemination.
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PMID:Clinical significance of preoperative liver scintigraphy in gastric cancer. 59 61

One hundred and thirty eight gastric carcinomas were assessed histologically with special attention focused on the nuclear grade of the tumor, the stromal lymphocyte reaction, and the morphology of the paracortical areas of the regional lymph nodes. Nuclear grade of the carcinoma was closely correlated with the 5-year survival rate of the patient, but no favorable prognostic influence could be attributed to the stromal lymphocyte reaction. The activity of the regional lymph node paracortex was directly positively correlated with the survival and inversely related to the appearance of the nodal metastases which were ominous prognostic signs. The value of the morphology of the regional lymph node paracortex in assessing the criteria of host resistance in association with gastric carcinoma is emphasized.
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PMID:Paracortical activity of the regional lymph nodes as a prognostic determinant in gastric carcinoma. 60 48

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 30 patients with histologically proven lymphoma within 1 week of bipedal lymphangiography to assess the relative sensitivity of each diagnostic modality in defining the location and extent of lymphomatous involvement. In 11 patients, lymphangiography significantly underestimated the volume of the periaortic nodal mass and its cephalad extent. In 13 additional patients, CT defined significant renal hilar, mesenteric, splenic hilar, and splenic pulp extension not visualized by lymphangiography. Sequential CT scans performed in five patients proved an excellent way to follow therapeutic response. CT scans were also performed in 26 patients with nonlymphomatous intraabdominal malignancy within a week of lymphangiography. It was of value in staging patients with carcinoma of the testis but was not overly helpful in patients with carcinoma of the ovary or pancreas.
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PMID:Computed tomography in the diagnosis, staging, and management of abdominal lymphoma. 61 93

A retrospective review of 169 patients with carcinoma of the pyriform sinus was accomplished for a ten-year-period from 1964 to 1974. Of the 169, 80 (47%) were treated with low dose preoperative radiation and partial laryngopharyngectomy (PLP), 57 (34%) were treated with radiation and total laryngectomy-partial pharyngectomy (TLP), and 32 (19%) were treated with palliative radiation, surgery or chemotherapy. Act,arial five-year-survival was 31% for all cases, 59% for the PLP group, 21% for the TLP group and 4% for the palliation group. Eighty to 90% of the relapses occurred within two years. The primary and/or nodal failure rates were 23, 37 and 78%, respectively for the PLP, TLP and palliation groups while the distant metastasis rates were 15, 37 and 34% for the three groups. Sites of failure differed for the three groups with a relatively high rate of contralateral neck metastases (23%) in the TLP group and an overwhelming number of primary and ipsilateral failures (78%) in the palliation group. Retreatment of failures resulted in few salvages (15%) and a significant number of fatal complications (26%). The cause of death was tumor related in most cases.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. An analysis of treatment results and patterns of failure. 63 41

Neoplasms of the left upper lobe may spread directly to the anterior mediastinal group of nodes without involving the inferior tracheobronchial, superior tracheobronchial, or paratracheal nodal chain. Routine cervical mediastinoscopy does not sample the anterior mediastinal node group. Parasternal anterior mediastinotomy was performed in 28 patients with left upper lobe carcinoma and normal findings from cervical mediastinoscopy. Despite the normal findings at cervical mediastinoscopy, 10 of the 28 patients were deemed to have inoperable disease because of spread of the neoplasm to the anterior nodal group or because of direct neoplastic involvement of the aorta or main pulmonary artery. All patients in whom results of anterior mediastinotomy were normal had resectable lesions at thoracotomy. Fourteen of the 16 patients who came to thoracotomy had normal hilar nodes. Parasternal anterior mediastinotomy, introduced by Chamberlain, should be performed in addition to standard cervical mediastinoscopy if the nodal drainage of left upper lobe neoplasms is to be more completely evaluated. Combining these two procedures samples all major drainage pathways except the posterior mediastinal nodal chain.
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PMID:Value of anterior mediastinotomy in bronchogenic carcinoma of the left upper lobe. 68 60

One hundred and thirty eight gastric carcinomas were studied histologically with special reference to the morphology of the tumor, its surrounding tissues and the regional lymph nodes. A special search was focused on the morphologic manifestations of possible host factors in association with gastric carcinoma. The most prominent findings were as follows: 1. The nuclear grade of the tumor was positively correlated with the 5-year survival rate of the patients. 2. The content of tumor-derived mucus was not a prognostic determinant. 3. The intensity of the stromal lymphocyte and plasma cell reactions did not affect the prognosis but was inversely related to the frequency of nodal metastases. 4. Sinus histiocytosis and nodal mast cell reactions were an important determinant of whether nodal metastases appear or not. 5. An active paracortical area of the lymph node was almost incompatible with the appearance of nodal metastases.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in gastric carcinoma. 68 79


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