Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Several aspects of the interaction of various lectins with the surface of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells are described. The order of agglutinating activity for various lectins is Ricinus communis greater than wheat germ greater than or equal to concanavalin A greater than or equal to soybean greater than Limulus polyphemus. No agglutination was noted for Ulex europaeus. Using 125I-labeled lectins it was determined that there are 1.6 and 7 times as many Ricinus communis lectin binding sites for concanavalin A and soybean lectins. Sodium deoxycholate-solubilized plasma membrane material was subjected to lectin affinity chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The lectin receptors of the plasma membrane appeared to be heterogeneous and some qualitative differences could be discerned among the electrophoretically analyzed material, which bound to and was specifically eluted from the various lectin affinity columns. The characteristics of elution of bound material from individual lectin columns indicated secondary hydrophobic interactions between concanavalin A or wheat germ agglutinin and their respective lectin receptor molecules.
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PMID:Interactions of lectins with plasma membrane glycoproteins of the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell. 17 30

Normal tissue as well as various benign and malignant lesions of the breast were histochemically examined for the presence of the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF)-antigen. Fluorescein- or 3H-labelled peanut agglutinin was used for this purpose, a lectin that is known to have a high affinity for the TF-antigen. The occurrence of this TF-antigen seemed in all cases, even in the carcinoma lobulare in situ that is regarded as being derived from myoepithelial cells by some authors, to be associated with a secretory condition. Its presence (free and neuraminic acid covered) in normal, hyperplastic and malignant breast tissue, however, cannot be considered a specific tumour associated antigen as has been previously assumed. Furthermore the investigations have shown that the intensity of fluorescence for peanut agglutinin (PNA)-receptors was generally stronger in differentiated carcinomas than in undifferentiated carcinomas of the breast. The histochemical findings are discussed with regard to diagnostical and immunotherapeutical aspects.
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PMID:The presence and significance of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in mammary gland. II. Its topochemistry in normal, hyperplastic and carcinoma tissue of the breast. 43 83

Egg lectin of Rana japonica, which specifically agglutinates transformed cells but does not agglutinate nontransformed cells and erythrocytes, has been isolated by gel filtration and successive ion-exchange chromatographies on diethylaminoethyl cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose columns and has been characterized as a homogeneous carbohydrate-free protein with a relative molecular weight of 13,500. The lectin, at a concentration of 1 microgram/0.1 ml, causes obvious cytoagglutination of various transformed and tumor cell. The receptor of the Erlich ascites tumor cells which inhibits the lectin-induced agglutination of the Ehrlich ascites tumor cells has been isolated and characterized. The receptor was solubilized from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by treating a tumor cell suspension with insolubilized trypsin, and the solubilized receptor was isolated by gel filtration through Sephadex G-100, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. The receptor was identified as a homogeneous glycoprotein having about 25% carbohydrate. The receptor, at a concentration of 4 microgram/0.1 ml, completely inhibited the cytoagglutination of the Ehrlich carcinoma cells caused by three agglutination doses (about 3 microgram/0.1 ml) of the R. japonica lectin.
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PMID:Egg lectin of Rana japonica and its receptor glycoprotein of Ehrlich tumor cells. 57 Apr 54

A very simple, rapid and reproducible method has been developed for studying the interaction of lectins with the cell surface. This involves determining the number of adherent cells after shaking cell suspensions in Petri dishes which have had a lectin coupled to their surface using 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl) carbodiimide metho-p-toluene sulfonate. Using concanavalin A coupled to 60 mm diameter dishes and between 1.5 and 2 x 10(6) tumour cells, this adhesion reached a maximum after 10 min shaking. Maximum cell adhesion also varied according to the particular lectin used. Adhesion was absent or was very low if cells were shaken in untreated dishes, or in dishes coupled to bovine serum albumin, or in the presence of the lectin-specific sugar-competitor. Under conditions of maximum cell adhesion, the binding of two different lymphosarcoma lines to four different lectins was very similar, whereas the binding of a carcinoma line to these lectins was completely different from that observed for the lymphosarcomas.
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PMID:A simple lectin-mediated cell-adhesion method for investigating the cell surface. 58 40

The Vicia graminea lectin receptor of the nonstrain-specific TA3-Ha mammary carcinoma ascites cell of the strain A mouse was shown to be predominantly or exclusively on a large mucin-type surface glycoprotein. TA3-Ha cells adsorbed the lectin in amounts equivalent to 5-9 mg of this glycoprotein/10-9 cells, which was 100-400 times greater than by the strain-specific TA3-St cell, employed as a control. Release of sialic acid by incubation with neuraminidase increased the adsorptivity of the TA3-Ha cell three to fourfold and of the TA3-St cell six- to ten fold. Proteolysis of TA3-Ha cells released into the supernatant solutions approximately the same amount of inhibitory activity, equivalent to approximately 5 mg of the glycoprotein and only 10 per cent of the original adsorptivity remained on the cells. By contrast, TA3-St cells released no detectable inhibitory activity into the medium when subjected to similar proteolysis, even after neuraminidase treatment. Upon fractionation of released material on gel columns, high-molecular weight material and activity were found in the same fractions, but purified samples differed significantly in specific activity and carbohydrate composition. Heterogeneity in the carbohydrate moieties of the macromolecules was further demonstrated by incubation of these samples with neuraminidase, which enhanced their inhibitory activities from two- to tenfold.
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PMID:Evidence that the major cell suface glycoprotein of the TA3-Ha carcinoma contains the Vicia graminea receptor sites. 111 74

Metastatic prostate carcinomas in autopsy cases from three populations 49 cases of indigenous Japanese, 29 cases of Japanese Americans and 14 from whites in Hawaii) were compared in terms of their clinicopathological, immunohistochemical (tenascin and ras p21) and lectin binding (Helix Pomatia antigen, HPA) properties. Only the clinicopathological features were analyzed in the cases of whites in Hawaii. The results indicate that poorly differentiated carcinoma is less common, whereas distant metastasis is more frequent, in indigenous Japanese. Some of the Japanese-American cases with poorly differentiated carcinomas did not show any distant metastases. HPA and ras p21 expression are more common, but tenascin is less common in indigenous Japanese. HPA expression is more common in cases with metastasis, especially with metastasis to the bone and other organs, than nonmetastatic cases. Prostatic cancer cases in indigenous Japanese were more aggressive biologically than those in Japanese Americans, but no phenotypic differences were seen relevant to the presence or absence of bone metastases.
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PMID:Comparative study of prostatic carcinoma bone metastasis among Japanese in Japan and Japanese Americans and whites in Hawaii. 128 3

Sixty cases of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) were studied to identify the receptors against lectins (ConA, DBA, PHA, PNA, and WGA) respectively by means of immunohistochemical ABC technique. The result obtained was coincidently compared with the figures of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Immunoelectronmicroscopy was carried out on four cases with freshly prepared gastric carcinoma specimens in order to observe the distribution of these 5 lectin receptors by using streptavidin-gold complex method. The results were as follows: the gold particles labelled for 5 lectin receptors were mainly located on the cytoplasmic membrane, organelle membrane and the mucin granules. The distribution and the intensity of positive reaction were known to be correlated with histologic typing, histogenesis and the degree of cell differentiation of EGC, PHA, PNA and WGA staining for the corresponding receptors were considered of some value in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:[Research of lectin receptors in early gastric carcinoma]. 133 71

Correlation between the expression of growth factor/receptor systems or the alterations of tumor suppressor genes and biological malignancy of gastric cancer was described. Overexpression of many growth factors/receptors, such as EGF, TGF alpha, EGF receptor and ERBB2, and reduction of type I receptor for TGF beta may be linked with new prognostic factors of gastric carcinomas. The expression of cripto, a novel gene of EGF family, shows a tendency to correlate with tumor staging of well differentiated gastric adenocarcinomas. p53 gene abnormalities take place in 60% of gastric carcinomas including early stage carcinoma. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 1q, 7p and 7q is frequently observed in advanced gastric carcinomas of well differentiated type. Molecules which regulate tumor invasion and metastasis such as nm23, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) and endogenous galactoside-binding lectin may provide for prognostic factors of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[New prognostic factors in human gastric carcinomas]. 134 86

N-acetyl D- galactosamine specific jack fruit lectin conjugate was used for the cyto-chemical study of benign and neoplastic lesions of the respiratory tract using diaminobenzidine as substrate on exfoliated cells and tissue sections. Sputum samples from patients with benign respiratory tract lesions (40), squamous cell Carcinoma (20), adenocarcinoma (16), small cell anaplastic carcinoma (12) and large cell anaplastic carcinoma (5) were used for the study. The lectin binding was strong in squamous cell carcinoma, large cell anaplastic carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, but variations in the binding pattern were observed in different carcinoma. Squamous metaplastic cells manifested slightly increased binding to lectin as compared to bronchial and native squamous epithelial cells. The nature of binding was eventually similar in cytology and histology. The ready availability and ease of preparation in purified from makes the jack fruit lectin a potential cytochemical reagent for sputum cytology.
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PMID:Jack fruit lectin binding pattern in the exfoliative cytology of bronchopulmonary neoplasia. 137 6

The enzymatic and immunological nature, and the sugar chain structure, of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) purified from tissues of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), prostatic carcinoma (PCa) and renal cell carcinoma (RCa), were compared with those of the normal prostate (NP) and kidney (NK). The specific activities of GGTs in NP, NK, BPH, PCa and RCa were 78.9, 22.5, 105, 92.5 and 52.5 mU/mg protein, respectively. The molecular masses of GGTs from BPH, PCa and RCa were 72 kDa, 78 and 108 kDa, and 79 and 105 kDa, respectively. The Michaelis constants (Km), optimum pHs and the inhibition of GGT activities by several chemical compounds, revealed that the GGT from BPH, PCa and RCa was similar to that of normal GGT. Immunologically, the IgG fraction against anti-human seminal plasma GGT fused to the all of the GGTs tested. The sugar chain heterogeneities of the various GGTs, detected by the serial-lectin affinity technique, differed from one another. The sugar chain of GGT from BPH resembled the sugar chain from NP. On the contrary, the sugar chains of GGTs from PCa and RCa were markedly different from those from normal tissues. In the GGT from PCa, multi-antennary complex type sugar chains were more increased than the enzyme of NP. In general, as previously reported, the sugar chains of GGTs from carcinomatous tissues of prostate and kidney had an increased content of bisecting GlcNAc (beta 1-->4) containing complex type sugar chains. Moreover, the reductions of the biantennary complex type sugar chain with fucose linkage and the hybrid type sugar chain were obvious in the GGT from carcinomatous tissues of the prostate and kidney.
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PMID:Differences in the enzymatic nature and the sugar-chain structure of gamma-glutamyl transferase between normal and carcinomatous human kidney and prostate. 138 22


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