Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumour imprints of 75 resection specimens with human lung carcinoma (lobe and lungs) were fixed with alcohol and Feulgen-stained. Resection specimens were cut into serial sections 6 mm thick and tumour mass, tumour involvement into intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary lymph nodes, detailed pTN-stage were determined. DNA-content, DNA-index, percentage of diploid/hyperploid tumour cells, and morphometric nuclear features were measured using an automated image analyzing system (VISIAC). Only 10% of the measured carcinomas were diploid. The DNA-index showed the broadest variance in large cell anaplastic carcinoma (1.2-3.3). Carcinomas growing predominantly within the alveolar space, i.e. without destroying the interstitial tissue showed a lower DNA-content above 3c and above 5c compared to carcinomas destroying the interstitial tissue. Carcinomas with severe stroma reaction were found to have 33%-48% of DNA above the 3c value whereas carcinomas without stromal reaction had a percentage above 3c ranging 46%-64% (confidence limits, p less than 0.05). DNA-index increases with increasing tumour volume and decreases for large tumours (greater than 100 ccm). Hyperploid and polyploid tumours were found more frequently in case of pT2 and pT3-stages compared to pT1-stages. No relation of DNA-content or ploidy was found to lymph node involvement and inflammatory response of host tissue.
 ...
PMID:DNA-content, inflammatory tissue response and tumour size in human lung carcinoma. 262 67

The exact tumor classification by the pathologist is the basis of adequate therapy of colorectal carcinomas. The classification includes the determination of the histological type of the carcinoma and the grading according to the criteria of the WHO and the UICC, as well as the staging according to the TNM system of the UICC and the Dukes classification. Most colorectal carcinomas are adenocarcinomas of tubular, tubulo-papillary and papillary subtypes. Mucinous adenocarcinomas are characterized by a pronounced extracellular mucus production. Signet ring cell carcinomas with intracellular mucus production are very rare and predominantly localized in the right-sided colon. Adeno-squamous carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas are extremely rare in the large bowel. They are only mentioned for completeness. The histological grading proposed by the WHO distinguishes carcinomas of well (G1), moderately well (G2) and poor (G3) differentiation. Well and moderately well differentiated tumors can be regarded as carcinomas with low grade of malignancy, whereas poorly differentiated ones are carcinomas with high grade of malignancy. The new grading of the UICC distinguishes in addition to the well, moderately well and poorly differentiated carcinomas the undifferentiated tumors (G4). G1 and G2 correspond to low grade, G3 and G4 to high grade of malignancy. According to the 1987 nomenclature of the UICC-TNM system pT1 denotes tumor spread to the mucosa, or mucosa and submucosa, pT2 to the muscularis propria, pT3 into the subserosa or into nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissue and pT4 a perforation of the visceral peritoneum or a spread into other organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Colorectal cancer: classification and aspects of the proliferation kinetics]. 305 90

The authors report preliminary data about IF-gamma (Interferon-gamma) basal serum production tested by monoclonal antibody in three groups of 25 patients: alpha (normal controls), beta (ragweed hayfever patients) and gamma (laryngeal carcinoma patients pT3-4, pN0----3, pM0 by UICC). The IF-gamma mean value in ragweed hayfever patients is about five times higher then normal controls. These data are highly statistically significative. Moreover no value of IF-gamma basal serum production is tested in laryngeal carcinoma patients. The data are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Basal serum production of gamma-interferon in subjects with gramineous allergic rhinosinusitis, in carriers of cancer of the larynx and in normal control subjects: study with specific monoclonal antibody. Preliminary data]. 311 8

From 1971 to 1984, 85 patients with bladder carcinoma were treated conservatively at the Henri Mondor Hospital by a combination of short course of pre-operative external pelvic irradiation, iliac node dissection, partial cystectomy, and iridium 192 implantation. There were 79 transitional cell carcinomas (G1: 12, G2: 25, G3: 36, Gx: 6) and 6 squamous cell carcinomas. By clinical stage, based on endoscopic resection, there were 43 T1, 30 T2, 5 T3, and 7 Tx. After partial cystectomy the pathologic stage distribution was: 41 pT1, 31 pT2, and 13 pT3. Crude disease-free survival at 5 years is 72% for T1 tumors and 55% for T2, but overall only 16% of patients died of bladder carcinoma. Local failures were seen in 11.5% of T1 and 0% of T2 tumors, and second bladder tumors developed at a distance from the treated site in 11.5% of T1 and 7% of T2. There is a non significant trend for intravesical recurrences (both local failures and second tumors) to occur more frequently for G1 tumors (25%) than for G2 (16%) or G3 (7%). At 5 years 95% of disease-free survivors have a functioning bladder. Regional or distant metastases occurred in 54% of patients with pT3 tumors and 10% of those with pT1 or pT2; within each stage there was no apparent influence of grade on metastatic risk. The four patients with histologically positive iliac nodes received additional post-operative external pelvic irradiation; three died of metastases and one is disease free at 10 years. No abdominal scar recurrences were seen. Late complications occurred in 6% of the population. For T1 tumors we suggest modification of the described protocol, eliminating the pre-operative irradiation and the lymph node dissection. If there is no doubt as to the pathologic stage after complete endoscopic resection, iridium 192 implantation delivering a dose of 60 Gy, without partial cystectomy, may be sufficient management. By contrast, for T2 tumors, all elements of the protocol seem important to obtain optimal results.
 ...
PMID:Conservative treatment of bladder carcinoma by partial cystectomy and interstitial iridium 192. 319 36

Fifty-three patients with primary bladder carcinoma underwent total cystectomy during the past 10 years. Ages ranged from 32 to 87 years old, with an average of 68.2 years. Radical total cystectomy, including systemic lymphadenectomy was performed in 22 cases, simple total cystectomy in 8 cases and salvage total cystectomy in 23 cases. An ileal conduit was made for urinary diversion in 23 cases and the other 26 cases underwent cutaneous ureterostomy. Postoperative mortality was 9.4% (5 of 53 cases) and postoperative complications were noted in 17 of the 53 cases (32.1%). The 5-year cumulative survival rate by the life table method for all the cases was 42.6%. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of radical total cystectomy cases was 67.8%, that of simple total cystectomy cases was 50.0% and that of salvage total cystectomy cases was 7.5%. A significant difference was seen between the first 2 groups and the last group. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of the patients with low stage cancer (pTis, pTa, pT1 and pT2) was 56.1% and that of the patients with high stage cancer (pT3, pT4) was 22.7%. A significant difference was observed between the two groups. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of the patients with grades G1, G2 and G3 cancer was 66.7, 45.4 and 26.7% respectively. A significant difference was seen among the three grades.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of total cystectomy for bladder carcinoma: a ten-year experience]. 322 62

The fate of 48 patients with clinical stage T3 prostatic carcinoma after attempted curative surgical management was studied. In 23 of these patients positive frozen sections of the lymph nodes were found at pelvic lymphadenectomy and orchiectomy was performed. The median interval to progression was 61 months. Radical prostatectomy was performed in the remaining 25 patients. In 4 of these patients positive lymph nodes were found on paraffin sections but no additional treatment was given. Over-all, total tumor removal as defined by negative lymph nodes and negative margins of resection could be achieved in 14 of the 48 patients (29 per cent). During the same period 34 patients with clinical state T less than 3 prostatic carcinoma were treated in a similar manner. Orchiectomy was done in 4 patients because of positive frozen sections of the lymph nodes and radical prostatectomy was done in 30, including 1 in whom positive paraffin sections of the lymph nodes were found but no additional treatment was given. An attempt was made to study the impact of several prognostic factors by comparing the probability of progression between patients with stage pT3 disease with (T3pT3N0) or without (T less than 3pT3N0) extracapsular tumor growth as determined by preoperative rectal examination (36 versus 27 per cent progression at 3 years), with or without positive margins of resection (45 versus 20 per cent progression at 3 years) and with or without involvement of the seminal vesicles (47 versus 18 per cent progression at 3 years). Our results suggest that a certain proportion of patients with clinical stage T3 disease will benefit from radical prostatectomy. This is to be expected especially in patients with stage T3pT3N0 cancer and negative margins.
 ...
PMID:Surgical treatment of locally advanced (T3) prostatic carcinoma: early results. 365 37

During a follow-up of 11 years of thyroid carcinoma 136 patients were repeatedly examined. 43% papillary, 43% follicular, 11% anaplastic and 2% medullary carcinomas was found. The incidence of these types of carcinoma differed considerably; the frequency peak of papillary carcinomas was reached in 45-year-old humans, that of the follicular carcinomas in people aged 60, that of the anaplastic carcinomas in 70-year-old humans. 84% of the patients was female. Classification in pTNM-system: 8% in pT1, 27% in pT2, 12% in pT3 and 49% in pT4. Local and distant metastases were found at a low rate equally in pT1, pT2 and pT3; 26% of patients in pT4 had local metastases and 18% had distant ones in addition. There were 6 patients with metastases of a differentiated adenocarcinoma accumulating no 131-iodine and with no thyroglobulin in serum. 29% of patients had after thyroidectomy an unilateral paresis of the nervus recurrens and 4% a bilateral one. 26% of patients had a permanent hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.
 ...
PMID:Thyroid carcinoma: a follow-up study of 11 years. 368 51

Cytofluorometric DNA measurements showed that about 55% of rectum carcinoma (129 patients) had tumours with an abnormal DNA content (DNA aneuploidy). For patients with such a tumour the prognosis was worse than for patients with DNA diploid tumours. From the DNA histograms the number of S-phase cells was calculated. In tumours with the stage pT3, which disseminated to lymph nodes or metastasized, a higher number of S-phase cells was found than in tumours with the staging pT3N0M0. In all untreated tumours cells with micronuclei were found. This demonstrated cell loss. In most tumours this effect was considerable. The ratio:number of S-phase cells/number of cells with micronuclei may allow a rough estimate for cell turnover. In patients with a bad prognosis and in those patients who had a local recurrence after resection of the tumour this ratio was high. In 34 patients the parameters were measured before and after preoperative radiotherapy. In some tumours a rapid increase of S-phase cells occurred after irradiation, this effect might express repopulation. In these patients a local recurrence was frequently found. From the data obtained so far a prediction for local recurrences might be possible from the determination of nuclear protein bound SH-groups. The determination of micronuclei indicated that it can be used as a measure for radiation response in tumours. All parameters show a high variability between individual tumours. A further study is useful whether the measured parameters are suitable as predictors.
 ...
PMID:Predictive assays for the therapy of rectum carcinoma. 372 67

Survival, pTN stages, and cell type of patients operated on for bronchus carcinoma were evaluated in a retrospective study and compared with data obtained in a prospective study. One thousand three hundred thirty-two patients with potential curative resected lung carcinoma were included in the retrospective study. Two hundred eighty-two patients with potential curative resected lung carcinoma were analyzed in the prospective study. Data showed similarities in distribution of cell type and relative frequency of pT1 stage in both collectives. Major differences between both studies were obtained in relative frequencies of pT3, and pN0, pN1, and pN2 stages. Survival of patients grouped according to cell type revealed differences between patients suffering from epidermoid-adeno carcinoma and patients suffering from small anaplastic carcinoma--large cell anaplastic carcinoma in both studies. Patients stated as pN0 stages showed more favourable prognosis in the prospective study compared with patients of the retrospective study. Two-year survival rates of patients grouped into a pT1pN0 stage and into a pT2pN0 stage had similar survival rates in both studies. Survival of these cohorts compared with patients staged as pT1pN1 and pT2pN1 was statistically significantly better. The data indicate that patients suffering from pT1pN1 or pT2pN1 tumors should be classified as Stage II tumors.
 ...
PMID:Retrospective and prospective tumor staging evaluating prognostic factors in operated bronchus carcinoma patients. 380 22

All cases of the Regional Cancer Registry, North Baden who developed a gastro-intestinal cancer during the period 1975-1980 were re-examined according to the following parameters: tumor volume, pT stage, pN stage, grading. In the period considered, 8424 cases out of 14,061 cases with histologically proven gastrointestinal cancer could be grouped according to the pT stage. Most of the cases were operated at the pT2 or pT3 stage. Remarkable differences in the different tumor localizations were obtained. Stomach carcinoma had the highest percentage of the pT4 stage (36.2%), rectum carcinoma the lowest (7%). In all primaries a close coherence of tumor volume and pT stage was noted. Carcinoma at the pT1 stage measured 20 cm3 on average, those at the pT4 stage 170 cm3. No coherence of staging and age of the patients could be obtained. Younger patients showed a higher percentage of undifferentiated carcinoma than older patients. Survival data could not be obtained due to the data protection law.
 ...
PMID:Volume, staging and grading of gastro-intestinal carcinoma--a population-based study. 654 Nov 34


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>