Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Through a study of Nitrogen balances, the authors compare the effectiveness of a proteinic intake carried out per os or by intravenous route. The study involved 22 different carcinoma carriers and lasted for 9 days during which the Nitrogen intake was effected either by the digestive tract or by intravenous route supplemented by a sufficient caloric ration. In the latter case, the aminoacid intake was supplied by Trive 1000 combined with glucides and lipids which were then quantitatively deducted from the enteral intake. A study of the results showed that the assimilation of the Nitrogen injected intravenously was very similar to the one obtained by enteral route.
Ann Anesthesiol Fr 1975 Dec
PMID:[Comparative study of nitrogen savings during enteral and parenteral feeding (Trive 1000)]. 0 21

A pH-dependent, saturable binding of hexokinase isozyme I from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma to plasma membrane and microsome preparations from the same tissue is demonstrated. This binding is enhanced by glucose 6-phosphate and may be considered as the sum of a glucose 6-phosphate-dependent binding and an independent binding. The half saturation concentration of hexokinase is about 0.4 unit per ml for both types of binding, and a maximal binding of 0.5-2.0 units per mg membrane protein is observed for both, although the pH optimum of the independent binding (5.4) is lower than that of the dependent binding (5.9). The half saturation concentration of glucose 6-phosphate required for the dependent binding is 0.05 mM at pH 6.1. 2-Deoxyglucose 6-phosphate competatively reverses the effect of glucose 6-phosphate on binding but does not diminish its inhibition of hexokinase activity.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1976 Dec 02
PMID:Glucose 6-phosphate-dependent binding of hexokinase to membranes of ascites tumor cells. 1 34

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for human alpha-lactalbumin, a milk protein, has been developed in order to examine the effect of prolactin on the human breast in normal and diseased states. Samples of milk from nursing mothers and from men and women with galactorrhea were found to contain milligram concentrations of this protein. In serum, 8 of 25 normal men and 18 of 44 normal women had detectable concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin. Significantly higher levels of alpha-lactalbumin were found in 17 of 19 women during pregnancy who were not actively lactating. All nursing mothers were found to have distinctly elevated serum alpha-lactalbumin concentrations. In a group of 17 female patients with phenothiazine induced prolactin elevations (mean 29.4 ng/ml), the mean serum alpha-lactalbumin of 17.3 ng/ml was significantly higher than in normal female volunteers. Patients with gynecomastia were not noted to have elevated alpha-lactalbumin. In vitro, homogenates of normal breast and carcinoma tissue from the same individuals revealed that in 9 of 17 patients alpha-lactalbumin was present in higher concentrations in normal than in cancerous tissue. Overall, alpha-lactalbumin was found in 48.5% of homogenates and 41% of organ cultures of normal breast tissue from cancer patients. In contrast, it was present in only 19% of homogenates and 21% of cultures of carcinoma tissue, indicating that the cancer tissue may lose its ability to produce alpha-lactalbumin. Differences in biologic behavior were found in some tumors. In 2 cases homogenates of breast cancer tissue had much higher concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin than the normal tissue, and in 3 of 33 tumors studied in organ culture prolactin increased alpha-lactalbumin output.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977 Dec
PMID:Studies on human alpha-lactalbumin: radioimmunoassay measurements in normal human breast and breast cancer. 2 54

This report concerns a 49 year old asymptomatic male who had a mediastinal mass demonstrated on routine radiography. A large encapsulated tumour composed of small regular cells arranged in clumps and acini with fine vascular stroma was removed. The differential diagnosis on routine H&E section included parathyroid tumor, medullary carcinoma arising in ectopic thyroid tissue, epithelial thymoma or carcinoid tumor of the thymus. The presence of compressed thymic tissue around the tumor, and of argentaffin granules together with the electron microscopic appearance characteristic of the "enterochromaffin" or "APUD" group of cells allowed the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor of the thymus to be made. Electron microscopy showed that the cell cytoplasm contained electron dense membrane bound granules, together with bundles of microfilaments. Vesicles of smooth surfaced reticulum were present but rough surfaced reticulum was inconspicuous. No desmosomes were demonstrated. Special stains for amyloid and glycogen were negative.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1977 Dec 29
PMID:Carcinoid tumour of the thymus. A case report including discussion of the morphological diagnosis and the cell of origin. 2 95

Distribution of the bleomycin A2 suspended in sesame oil (Oil Bleo Suspension) in rat organs and tumors after the intramuscular administration was investigated by bioassay, the effect of intratumor administration of the suspension on the growth of rat mammary carcinoma induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene was also studied. The oil suspension showed a protracted concentration in either tumor or organ tissues, but showed similar inhibitory effects on rat mammary carcinoma to those by regular bleomycin solution. Further studies should be performed on the effect of bleomycin A, in sesami oil on mammary carcinoma.
Jpn J Antibiot 1975 Dec
PMID:[Distribution of bleomycin in sesame oil suspension in organs of rat with mammary carcinoma induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene and its effect on the tumors (author's transl)]. 5 98

"e" is a serum antigen associated with type-B hepatitis. It is found only in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive sera, but is antigenically distinct from HBsAg. e antigen was not detected in the serum of any of 99 cases of acute type-B hepatitis who recovered normally. Its antibody, anti-e, was found in 14 (14%). The antibody usually appeared before clearance of HBsAg and before appearance of HBsAb. Serum e was not detected in any of 29 symptom-free carriers of HBsAg, but 21 (73%) showed anti-e. Serum e was found in chronic active hepatitis (44%) and chronic persistent hepatitis (31%). The antibody, however, was detected in only 2 of 79 patients with chronic active hepatitis but in 7 (44%) of chronic persistent hepatitis. Serum e was not found in 5 patients with primary liver-cell carcinoma or 5 with inactive HBsAg-positive cirrhosis. The antibody was, however, found in all 5 of those with inactive cirrhosis and in 4 of the 5 with primary cancer. These results suggest that the presence of e antigen is associated with active and usually continuing liver disease. Anti-e, however, is associated with inactive liver disease and asymptomatic carriage of HBsAg, and its presence must be regarded as a valuable sign in predicting those who will escape progressive chronic liver disease.
Lancet 1975 Dec 13
PMID:Incidence and clinical significance of e antigen and antibody in acute and chronic liver disease. 5 57

Single-agent chemotherapy of advanced and recurrent squamous carcinoma of the female genital tract has been largely ineffective. Combination-drug therapy which has augmented the efficacy of chemotherapy in numerous solid and nonsolid human tumors is usually attended by a degree of toxicity that has discouraged its use against malignancies exhibiting a poor response to single agents. A seven-drug regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, actinomycin D, vincristine, cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, and bleomycin administered during a 24 hour period at 4 week intervals was selected for clinical trial against squamous malignancies of the female genitalia because of its proved broad-spectrum activity among solid tumors and its low incidence of serious toxicity. Severe bone marrow depression occurred during only two of 98 drug cycles involving 23 patients. An objective tumor response was observed in nine of 18 evaluable patients. This regimen appears to be useful in the palliative management of squamous carcinoma of the female genital tract.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975 Dec 01
PMID:Seven-drug polychemotherapy in the treatment of advanced and recurrent squamous carcinoma of the female genital tract. 5

The lesion, known under several names, consists of an hyalinized sclerotic center containing abundant elastic and elastoid masses. These radiate into the periphery and enclose lobuli which reveal epithelial proliferation varying from simple hyperplasia with epithelial villi to the rather rare true papillomas. The hyaline and elastic masses in the central parts surround tubuli and correspond to a lesion known as obliterating mastitis (mastopathy) that may lead to total occlusion of the ducts. The entire process ends with a contracting scar that alters the lobuli stemming from the obliterated duct. These may atrophy, dilate, or respond with different forms of hyperplasia. Therefore the designation "radial scars (scarring) possibly with epithelial proliferation" is proposed. As is emphasized the condition may be associated with tubular carcinoma and may resemble pseudoinfiltration in sclerosing adenosis.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1975 Dec 29
PMID:[Radial scars (scarring) and obliterating mastopathy (author's transl)]. 5 81

1. The immunological cross-reactivity between rabbit collagenases from a variety of normal and pathological sources was examined. The specific antibody raised against collagenase secreted from normal rabbit synovial fibroblasts gave reactions of complete identity with collagenases secreted from fibroblasts derived from rabbit skin, and from synovium from experimentally arthritic rabbits. 2. The rabbit fibroblast collagenase was immunologically identical with collagenases obtained from the organ culture medium of normal rabbit skin, synovium, ear fibrocartilage and subchondral bone. 3. Collagenases from the culture media of normal rabbit synovium and from hyperplastic synovium of rabbits made experimentally arthritic were identical. 4. The collagenase secreted from rabbit fibroblasts gave a reaction completely identical with that of a collagenase extracted directly from a rabbit carcinoma. 5. IgG (immunoglobulin G) from a specific antiserum to rabbit fibroblast collagenase was a potent inhibitor of the collagenases obtained from the culture media of the various rabbit cells and tissues. 6. Collagenases from human synovium and from mouse macrophages and bone were neither precipitated nor inhibited by antibodies to rabbit collagenase. 7. No immunoreactive material was found in lysates of rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocyte granules with the specific antisera to rabbit fibroblast collagenase. No evidence for inactive forms of rabbit collagenase in lysates of the rabbit synovial fibroblasts could be found, either by double immunodiffusion against the specific collagenase, or by displacement of active enzyme from inhibition by the IgG.
Biochem J 1975 Dec
PMID:Rabbit collagenase. Immunological identity of the enzymes released from cells and tissues in normal and pathological conditions. 5 76

A case of primary hyperfibrinolysis secondary to disseminated prostatic carcinoma is presented. Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy resulted in a significant palliative response and reversal of the bleeding tendency.
Am Surg 1976 Dec
PMID:Alleviation of primary fibrinolysis after hypophysectomy. 6 57


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