Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five cases of the type of mammary carcinoma that has been designated "signet-ring cell carcinoma" are presented. This tumor is characterized by the presence of numerous cells containing intracellular mucin, without large amounts of extracellular mucin as is seen in colloid (gelatinous, mucinous) carcinoma of the breast. Although such cells may be seen in many mammary carcinomas, they are never as frequent as in the variant described. Ultrastructurally, the most characteristic finding is the presence of numerous intracellular lumina containing material which appears to represent the mucin identified with the light microscope. This finding differs from that in colloid carcinoma, in which the scantier intracellular mucin occurs in the form of intracytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicles. The five tumors in the present series were all associated with either in situ lobular carcinoma or a "sinus catarrh"-like pattern of nodal metastases, or both. On the basis of these light and electron microscopic data, the signet-ring cell carcinoma is suggested as a variant of infiltrating lobular carcinoma, clinically and pathologically distinct from colloid carcinoma.
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PMID:Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the breast. The mucinous variant of infiltrating lobular carcinoma? 17 13

The autopsies of three cases of esophageal anaplastic carcinoma with an oat cell pattern are presented. Grossly, each case revealed a fungating growth and showed extensive metastases all over the body. The histology bears a striking resemblance to that of oat cell carcinoma of the lung, occasionally showing rosette formation, mucin secretion, and intracytoplasmic argyrophil granules in each case. These peculiar carcinomas most probably were derived from the esophageal submucosal glands. They were composed of both a cell group of argyrophil variety and a group of mucus-secreting variety which may have originated from the more primitive cells capable of differentiation into either variety.
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PMID:Anaplastic carcinoma of the esophagus. Report of three cases and their histogenetic consideration. 17 67

The material was taken from surgical specimens of large intestine resected for carcinoma. A parallel study by electron microscopy and mucin histochemistry was made on fragments from "transitional" (TR) mucosa (adjacent to carcinoma) and "normal" (N) mucosa (remote from the tumor). These were compared with similar studies on the mucosa from control individuals. Histochemically, the "TR" mucosa shows an increase in sialomucins as compared with the "N" and control mucosae, where sulphomucins normally predominate. At the ultrastructural level, the "TR" mucosa is characterized by the following changes which may precede the histochemical variations: A) alteration in the relative proportions of the different cell types, along the crypt, with a persistence of immature and intermediate cells at higher levels of the crypt than in the control. Mature absorptive cells are fewer and bear an inverse relationship to intermediate cells. Goblet cells are increased in number and size. B) Appearance of electron-dense bodies 0.15-0.3mum in in diameter and membrane limited. C) An elaborated and enlarged Golgi zone showing increased secretory activity. It is suggested that mucin and ultrastructural changes described in the "TR" zone may indicate a failure in the normal process of cell differentiation along the crypt. Previous work7,8 further suggests that the mucin changes may be primary, reflecting a cellular response to unknown stimuli (i.e., carcinogens) rather than a local secondary effect of tumor growth. As for the ultrastructural features in the "TR" mucosa, the secondary effect cannot be excluded at the present.
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PMID:An ultrastructural and histochemical study of the mucous membrane adjacent to and remote from carcinoma of the colon. 17 88

A mucin-producing carcinoma in the thyroid gland found in a 44-year-old man was first thought to be a metastatic carcinoma, possibly from salivary gland. However, follow-up examinations for 8 years have not demonstrated another neoplasm, and it seems reasonable to conclude that this lesion was a rare primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland.
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PMID:Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of thyroid gland. 18 53

The histochemical reaction for adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) has previously been used to differentiate myoepithelial from epithelial cells in the breast and to investigate the possible contribution of myoepithelial cells to mammary carcinoma. Discrepancies in published reports prompted this study of ATPase in non-neoplastic breast and infiltrating ductal carcinoma. ATPase was localized mainly on myoepithelial cells of normal breast and was identified with significant frequency on epithelial cells in hyperplastic ducts. Infiltrating ductal carcinomas usually displayed a variable reactivity. In one instance, malignant cells demonstrating mucin production were found to be ATPase-positive. An infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the papillary type with apocrine features was also strongly ATPase-reactive. It is concluded that ATPase is not an exclusive marker of myoepithelial cells and, therefore, data resulting from the use of this enzyme to study the role of the myoepithelium in mammary carcinoma must be interpreted with caution.
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PMID:Distribution of adenosine triphosphatase in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and non-neoplastic breast. 18 14

Ninety-one human tumors, including various common carcinomas, low-grade malignant tumors, and benign tumors, were transplanted into athymic nude mice. Tumor take was confirmed histologically for 22 neoplasms at the initial transplantation, and 14 serially transplantable tumors were established, including some hitherto unestablished or unreported, such as lung and hepatic cell carcinomas. Among the 91 tumors were 21, 14, and 13 carcinomas of the lung, stomach, and breast, respectively. Transplantability was highest in lung carcinomas (10/21), followed by gastric carcinomas (2/14) and breast carcinomas (1/13). Morphology of original tumors was retained well in most transplanted tumors, but desmoplastic or scirrhous tumors, such as gastric and breast carcinomas, tended to become medullary with a decrease in amount of tumor stroma. The ability to produce mucin in gastric carcinomas or melanin in malignant melanoma was maintained in serially transplantable tumors. In addition, ectopic production of adrenocorticotropin and beta melanocyte-stimulating hormone continued in a transplanted small cell carcinoma of the lung. Preliminary results were obtained on hormone dependency of the transplantable breast carcinoma and on alpha1-fetoprotein in the transplantable hepatic cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Transplantation of human tumors in nude mice. 18 24

An example of a cribriform intraductal carcinoma that closely resembled adenoid cystic carcinoma is described. The true nature of the tumor was revealed by electron microscopy and the case is used to demonstrate that the diagnosis of this tumor cannot be safely made by routine histologic techniques alone. Review of conflicting views othe value of mucin histochemistry expressed in the literature suggest that ultrastructural examination is a useful alternative tool in the differentiation of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast from cribriform intraductal carcinoma.
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PMID:Pseudoadenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast. 19 57

Histochemical studies were performed on signet-ring cells in surgically resected gastric carcinomas from 64 patients. On the basis of periodic acid-Schiff reactivity of the intracellular mucin, the signet-ring cells were classified as type A (immature), type B (intermediate), or type C (mature). Different staining reactions to Alcian blue at pH 2.5 enabled type C cells to be subclassified as C-1 or C-2. In 63 cases (98.4%), intense leucine naphthylamidase (LNAase) activity was found histochemically in the cytoplasm of nearly all cancer cells except type C-2. Localization of LNAase activity in the cytoplasm was confirmed by conventional biochemical assay. From the present results, histochemical characteristics of signet-ring cell carcinoma are discussed.
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PMID:Cytoplasmic leucine naphthylamidase activity expressed in signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. 20 Jul 55

The ultrastructural characteristics of mucin production in mammary mucoid carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma (Harris, Wells & Vasudev 1978), papillary carcinoma and lobular carcinoma are compared. The mucin in lobular carcinoma is confined to intracytoplasmic lumina whereas it is present as membrane bound granules in the other three types, although intracytoplasmic lumina also occur in the latter. A possible origin of intracytoplasmic lumina from distended Golgi cisternae is proposed. Possibly, extracellular mucin acts as a mechanical barrier between tumour cells and lymphatics, thus explaining the good prognosis of typical mucoid carcinomas.
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PMID:Mucin-producing carcinomas of the breast: ultrastructural observations. 20 54

The case is reported of a woman with a mucin producing lobular carcinoma of the breast with metastases to many bone sites, whose terminal neurological illness was the result, not of cerebral metastases, but of cerebral infarcts. These were caused by emboli of mucin and emulsified fat, originating in bone metastases. The pathogenesis of this embolism is compared with that of traumatic fat embolism. Attention is drawn to this process because emboli of this type have never been reported and because this distant nonmetastatic effect of carcinoma may have been overlooked in other cases. It is suggested that this mechanism should be considered in the diagnosis of otherwise obscure cerebral infarction.
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PMID:Mucin embolism to cerebral arteries: a fatal complication of carcinoma of the breast. 21 69


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