Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Liver function tests were carried out for serum zinc turbidity test, icterus index, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and transaminases in a series of 222 patients, of whom 119 had prostatic carcinoma, 63 benign hyperplasia of the prostate and 40 congenital abnormality without prostatic trouble. Patients having prostatic carcinoma often displayed abnormally high levels of zinc turbidity test, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and transaminases.
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PMID:Liver function in porstatic carcinoma patients. 96 7

As a follow-up report to studies in previous decades, the present study covers 190 patients admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute for prostatic carcinoma during 1970 to 1974. The records of an additional 30 cases whose prostatic carcinoma was found incidentally at autopsy are included in this study for comparisons. The mean age at diagnosis was significantly lower than in the previous decade, with a greater proportion of progressions to an advanced clinical stage prior to admission to Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The incidence of cardiovascular deaths was much lower than in 1960 to 1969. Survival for all clinical stages was longer than that observed in the previous period and correlated with clinical stage. Serum acid and alkaline phosphatase levels progressively increased with clinical stage. Chemotherapy, which was rarely employed in the previous decade, found increasing usage during 1970 to 1974. There is a general trend to earlier diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Prostatic cancer: evolution of treatment at a comprehensive center (1970-1974). 97 89

The enzymological and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma tissues were compared with those of purified human intestinal, placental, and hepatic ALP's to speculate the gene expression of gastric cancer cells. The results were as follows: Intestinal metaplasia was found in 21 of 23 cases (91%) of gastric cancer, whereas normal gastric mucosa had no ALP activity. ALP extracted from the mucosa of intestinal metaplasia was identical with intestinal ALP as to enzymological and immunological properties. ALP obtained from gastric carcinoma tissues of 23 patients was separated into 3 bands (ALPa, ALPb, and ALPc) by polyacrylamide-gel disc electrophoresis. Ten cases showed ALPa only, 4 cases showed ALPa and ALPb, 5 cases showed ALPa and ALPc, and the other 4 cases showed ALPa, ALPb, ALPc, respectively. It was concluded that ALPa was similar in its enzymological and immunological properties to hepatic-type ALP, ALPb was similar to placental-type ALP, and ALPc was similar to intestinal-type ALP, ALPb probably originates from the cancer cell itself. As for the other enzymes, ALPa and ALPc, further investigation should be made to determine whether they come from the cancer cell itself or not.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma of the stomach. 97 61

Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in bone marrow and in cubital vein serum were compared. For patients without cancer, marrow serum LDH attained levels four times as high, and GOT and alkaline phosphatase, levels twice as high as those normal for cubital vein serum; levels of acid phosphatase were the same for both sources. For patients with cancer, significant increase of enzyme levels over reference levels depends on the tumor origin and on the presence and localization of metastases. Marrow enzyme levels may become elevated with or without concurrent elevation in cubital vein serum. Concurrent elevations were found with colonic carcinoma and lymphoid leukemia, and noncurrent elevations, with prostatic cancer, myeloid leukemia, and myeloma. A nonconcurrent elevation of marrow enzymes indicates that the origin of the enzyme is in the marrow, whereas with concurrent elevation, the source of the enzyme may be another organ.
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PMID:Enzymes in peripheral and bone marrow serum in patients with cancer. 98 36

The therapeutic application of 89strontium for the relief of pain in 11 cases of carcinoma of the prostate with skeletal metastases is reported. A significant clinical improvement could be observed in 8 of the 11 patients with generalized osseous metastases of prostatic carcinoma after the application of 30 muCi. 89strontium per kg. The effect was long lasting. At the same time an increase of alkaline phosphatase was observed, which was interpreted as an indication of the reactivation of osteoblasts and osteoid peripheral zones owing to beta-emission of the radioisotope in the affected areas. The indications for such therapy are discussed.
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PMID:Results of 89strontium therapy in patients with carcinoma of the prostate and incurable pain from bone metastases: a preliminary report. 100 47

Three years after colonic resection for a rectal carcinoma, the patient evinced some weight loss and alkaline phosphatase elevation. Detailed workup revealed what appeared to be a solitary, well-defined metastatic lesion of the right hepatic lobe. Since the patient could be considered a good candidate for surgery, and given the grim prognosis of alternative approaches, hepatic lobectomy was carried out, as described here.
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PMID:Partial hepatectomy for metastatic carcinoma. 101 33

Sixty-nine patients with advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas were given adriamycin intravenously at a dose level of 40-75 mg/m once every 3 weeks. Toxic effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and minor ECG changes. There was a slight trend toward move severe leukopenia in patients with markedly abnormal liver function test (serum glutamic oxaloacteic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase). Of the 57 pateints with colorectal cancer treated with adriamycin, four (7%) showed partial objective responses. In a controlled comparison of adriamycin versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with previously untreated large bowel carcinoma, three of 23 patients (13%) receiving adriamycin showed partial objective responses as compared with six of 25 patients (24%) receiving 5-FU. The median duration of response with adriamycin was 3 months com pared to over 6 months with 5-FU. Four of eight patients with gastric carcinoma showed partial objective responses. No responses were noted in a small number of patients with pancreatic and gallbladder carcinomas. Adriamycin would not seem to have any role in the treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma. Our results, however, would justify further evaluation of this agent in gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:Adriamycin (NSC-123127) therapy for advanced gastrointestinal cancer. 109 99

A clinical and pathological review of 68 patients with a primary carcinoma of the gallbladder was undertaken. A prolonged preceding history of biliary disease was noted. Preoperative radiological and biochemical investigations were not helpful, but an isolated elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase level in the absence of any biliary obstruction or hepatic dysfunction was noticed in some patients. The significance of stones in relation to pathogenesis is discussed. A more radical surgical approach involving a partial hepatectomy appears to be the only possible treatement in veiw of the mode of spread of this tumour and the bad overall prognosis.
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PMID:A clinicopathological review of 68 carcinomas of the gallbladder. 111 72

To evaluate the effect on liver function of therapy with massive doses of synthetic female sex hormones a study was performed on the alterations in levels of serum zinc turbidity test, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase following antiandrogenic treatment with castration and synthetic female sex hormones in patients with prostatic carcinoma. Results included: 1) Irrespective or response to treatment the zinc turbidity test level tended to increase. 2) After 1 week of treatment some increase was observed in the alkaline phosphatase level and was more pronounced in poor response cases than in the fair ones. However, in general, no definite fluctuation was observed. 3) The bilirubin level tended to decrease in general but in poor response cases an early increase was observed. 4) The glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level was significantly increased in the early phase and more pronounced in poor response cases than in the fair ones. 5) An increased glutamic pyruvic transaminase level was observed after 2 weeks of treatment but was not significant to the pre-treatment level and later returned to the neighborhood of the pre-treatment level. After 1 week of female sex hormone therapy many indices studied showed abnormality. However, except for a steady increase in the zinc turbidity test level no serious damage on liver functions evaluated was encountered during a year of massive dose therapy with female sex hormones.
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PMID:Effect of long-term estrogen treatment on liver function in patients with prostatic carcinoma. 115 57

The prognostic and postoperative monitoring capabilities of the CEA assay were compared to pathological staging of the operative specimens, clinical followup including endoscopy, radiology and scanning techniques, as well as DNCB skin testing and laboratory enzyme determinations (alkaline phosphatase and transaminase). A total of 46 patients with curative resection for colorectal carcinoma were studied. This included 23 patients with recurrent tumors compared to 23 long-term survivors without signs of recurrence at the time of the study. Preoperative CEA determinations were a good prognostic tool comparable to pathological staging of the specimen. Post operative CEA monitoring was the earliest sign of recurrence in 14 of 23 patients and was positive at the time of recurrence determined by other methods in 20; it was negative in only three cases. The incidence of false positive results among the non recurrent group became a lesser problem when repeated elevated values were required before considering the patient as having a recurrence. From these data, it seems reasonable to propose the use of a second-look operation in patients with maintained elevation of circulating CEA and no clinical signs of tumor presence, if we are to treat recurrence at an early stage. Chemotherapy would be an alternative way to deal with this problem, since the absence of clinical signs in general correlate with small bulk of tumor which at this time may be more susceptible to chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a prognostic and monitoring test in clinically complete resection of colorectal carcinoma. 124


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