Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven case of squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate have been divided into four groups according to their histological features and natural history: a pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate (one case); b common prostatic adenocarcinoma with malignant squamous component after oestrogen treatment (two); c urothelial carcinoma of the prostate with malignant squamous cell metaplasia (four); and d urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder with squamous cell metaplasia growing into the prostate (four). The squamous portions may spread to invade the fibromuscular stroma and grow in prostatic ducts. Necrosis of comedo type and inflammatory infiltrates appeared in a number of cases. The survival times of nine patients ranged from 1 to 17 months. Squamous components were shown by immunohistochemistry to contain various keratin types, carcino-embryonic antigen and peanut agglutinin binding sites. Whenever a squamous cell carcinoma in the prostate is diagnosed histologically various possibilities as to its origin should be considered.
 ...
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate. 170 56

A case of pancreatic mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PMC) with two pseudosarcomatous mural nodules (PMN) is described. These nodules have not been previously described in this type of tumor. In ovarian mucinous tumors (OMT), similar nodules have been reported, the nature of which has been discussed in detail. Here the similarity between the tumor described here and ovarian tumors is stressed. The immunohistochemical study carried out disclosed in the nodules strong positive staining for vimentin and moderate positivity for keratin and epithelial membrane antigen. These findings, along with histologic details, favor the epithelial nature of the nodules. It was concluded that the nodules are foci of anaplastic carcinoma with high proliferative cell rate, which could explain the coexpression of vimentin and keratin.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with pseudosarcomatous mural nodules. A report of a case with immunohistochemical study. 170 51

In a preliminary study for the development of an automated lung cancer cytology screening system utilizing both flow and image processing techniques, potential markers for the flow cytometric screening for carcinoma cells in sputum were analyzed. Immunostains were applied by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method, using antibodies to keratin (55-57 KD), TA-4 and SCC (antigens of squamous cell carcinoma of the human uterine cervix), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), to carcinoma cells from 123 cases with lung cancer (35 with squamous cell carcinomas, 64 adenocarcinomas, 13 large cell carcinomas, 5 small cell carcinomas and 6 other histologic types) and to sputum cells from 113 cytologically negative cases (as controls). The positive rates were 60.1% for keratin, 34.8% for TA-4, 28.2% for SCC, 1.4% for NSE, 0.1% for GRP and 7.9% for CEA for carcinoma cells (P less than .05 for all) and 7.4% for keratin and 1.0% for SCC for sputum cells (P less than .05 for both). It was concluded that keratin is the most effective marker, not only for squamous cell carcinoma, but also for adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma. Since most small cell carcinoma cells in sputum have little or no cytoplasm, it is necessary to use an intranuclear marker to detect this histologic type.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of cytologic markers for automated lung cancer screening. 170 34

Monoclonal antibodies to keratins No. 8 and 17 specific for lining epithelium and myoepithelium of the mammary gland, respectively, as well as to basement membrane laminin, entactin, collagen type IV and heparan sulfate proteoglycan were used to the immunohistochemical analysis of 77 benign and malignant human breast lesions and that of 38 cases in which an intraoperative biopsy diagnosis was difficult. Morphologically similar benign and malignant proliferations were distinguished by keratin expression. In benign lesions both keratins were present, while in malignant ones only keratin No. 8 was expressed. Basement membranes associated with a myoepithelial layer were intact in benign lesions and in situ structures, but they were absent around the vast majority of invasive tumor foci. Basement membrane loss was important in differential diagnosis of benign sclerosing adenosis and cystadenopapilloma from invasive tubular and papillary carcinoma, respectively. Diagnosis of microinvasion in ductal and lobular carcinoma was much easier when combination of antibodies to keratins and basement membrane proteins was used.
 ...
PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies to the proteins of intermediate filaments and of basement membranes in the differential diagnosis of certain forms of human breast tumors]. 170 69

Histological review and immunohistochemical studies of 8 cases of medullary carcinoma were carried out by using ABC technique. The results showed 8 calcitonin positive cases, 3 Somatostatin positive cases, 7 NSE positive cases, 5 CEA positive cases and 8 keratin positive cases. In addition, histogenesis, histological characteristics and the evaluation of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of thyroid medullary carcinoma are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Histological and immunohistochemical study on 8 cases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid]. 170 29

A cell line producing the neuroendocrine cell surface antigen and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) alpha-subunit, designated as KTA7, was established from human large cell carcinoma using a serum-free medium, ACL-3. KTA7 continued to grow in the ACL-3 medium, showing the morphological characteristics of large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. The KTA7 cells reacted with antibodies such as 6H7 and MOC1 directed against the cell surface antigens and PGP9.5 directed against a cytoplasmic protein of neuroendocrine cells but did not possess either most epithelial markers other than low-molecular-weight keratin (Cytokeratin) or neuron-specific enolase. The KTA7 cells, by immunostaining with anti-hCG subunit antibodies, were shown to produce hCG alpha- but not beta-subunit. Northern blot analysis showed KTA7 RNA to synthesize hCG alpha-subunit mRNA but not that of the hCG beta-subunit. Thus, the hCG alpha-subunit alone was independently expressed in KTA7. Chromosome analysis showed loss of alleles of chromosome 3p and 17 in KTA7 cells but not loss of 13q. KTA7 was considered to be derived from large cell undifferentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (large cell neuroendocrine tumor) and thus may fine use in studies on the pathobiology of large cell-type neuroendocrine tumors since it expresses at the same time marker substances of neuroendocrine differentiation and the hCG alpha-subunit.
 ...
PMID:A pulmonary large cell carcinoma cell line expressing neuroendocrine cell markers and human chorionic gonadotropin alpha-subunit. 170 38

We studied the distribution of acidic 45 kDa keratin 18 and 40/42 kDa keratin 19 in Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode of medical importance in many tropical regions. The monoclonal antibodies which were produced against the cytoskeleton of mammary carcinoma cell line BT-20 recognized cytokeratins preferentially in parasite oocytes. As has been described in mammalian oocytes, the acidic cytokeratins were present in a nonfibrillar form. The two monoclonal antibodies also recognized testicular cells. No keratin immunoreactivity could be demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy at the larval stage, the miracidium. In immunoblotting, the molecular mass as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of schistosome cytokeratins was about 15 kDa higher than that of the corresponding cytokeratins recognized by the monoclonal antibodies in BT-20 cells. The results suggest that acidic low molecular mass cytokeratins in trematodes have a phylogenetically conserved major function in oocytes which is unrelated to the documented cytoskeletal role in differentiated mammalian epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:Expression of low molecular mass cytokeratins in oocytes of Schistosoma mansoni. 170 30

Immunohistochemical staining of cell lines derived from human liver tumours showed that five cell lines derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma were stained positively with monoclonal keratin antibodies, CK-5 (Ker-18-specific) and KL-1 (broad specificity), but not with CK-7 (Ker-7-specific). On the other hand, four carcinoma cell lines derived from the biliary system were stained positively with not only CK-5 and KL-1, but also CK-7.
 ...
PMID:Cytokeratin expression in human cell lines derived from liver tumors. 170 48

Retinoids (vitamin A analogues) inhibit the squamous differentiation of normal and malignant epithelial cells. This study investigated the ability of the head-and-neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line 1483 to undergo squamous differentiation in the absence and presence of beta-all-trans retinoic acid (RA). The growth of these cells in culture is accompanied by an increase in keratinocyte transglutaminase, involucrin and keratin KI, 3 established markers of squamous cell differentiation. Higher levels of these differentiation markers were detected in cells cultured in delipidized serum (DLS), from which endogenous retinoids have been extracted, than in cells cultured in fetal bovine serum (FBS), which contains retinoids. Treatment with I microM RA decreased the levels of the various differentiation markers in cells cultured in either FBS or DLS as revealed by immunofluorescent labelling of permeabilized cells and by immunoblotting of cell extracts using specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. The cells' ability to cross-link proteins to form envelopes under the plasma membrane was stimulated in the presence of calcium ionophore but inhibited by RA. These results indicate that the malignant 1,483 HNSCC cells recapitulate the main characteristics of normal squamous-cell differentiation in culture and that RA suppresses this differentiation as it does in normal keratinizing epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:Retinoic acid suppression of squamous differentiation in human head-and-neck squamous carcinoma cells. 170 65

We performed an immunohistochemical study that compared a primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the skin with two salivary gland ACC. All three tumors stained positively and in identical fashion for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), broad-spectrum keratins, and low-molecular-weight keratins. Both EMA and CEA were localized to the luminal surfaces and the secreted contents of the tubular structures and the ductlike structures of the cribriform formations. The staining reactions for both types of keratin were more intense in the cells lining the tubular structures and the ductlike structures of the cribriform formations. One of the two salivary ACCs stained positively for S-100 protein; the other was positive for vimentin. The cutaneous ACC was negative for both antigens. Leu-7 antigen was not detected in either type of ACC. These results show that primary cutaneous ACC and salivary ACC have similar immunohistochemical staining patterns for a number of antigens. We believe this similarity is due to the fact that these antigens are shared by the sweat glands and salivary glands, which are considered to be the respective sites of origin for these two types of tumors.
 ...
PMID:A comparative immunohistochemical study of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin and salivary glands. 170 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>