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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen gastric carcinomas (intestinal n = 12; diffuse n = 1; mixed type n = 4) and one Barrett's carcinoma were prospectively studied by immunohistochemistry for the expression of different keratin polypeptides and of the brush border markers villin, sucrase isomaltase and aminopeptidase N. All carcinomas expressed the keratin polypeptides 8, 18, and 19 and were stained by the broad specific keratin antibody KL1, irrespective of histologic type. Keratin 7, however, was expressed in only one carcinoma in most tumor cells and in two further carcinomas in some tumor cells. Thus, specific differentiation of the various histologic types of gastric carcinoma does not seem to be aided by the use of keratin antibodies. Villin was positive in 80% of the tumors and sucrase isomaltase and aminopeptidase N were positive in 67% respectively with no obvious histologic difference. The frequent positivity of the brush border markers, usually typical for intestinal epithelium, reflects the high degree of intestinal differentiation of gastric carcinomas, but again does not seem to be associated with a particular histologic type.
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PMID:[Do immunologic markers facilitate differentiation between histologic types of stomach cancer?]. 169 99

One hundred twenty-one cases of anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid treated at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, were reviewed. Anaplastic carcinoma is a rapidly growing neoplasm with a dismal prognosis. The mean survival of our patients was 7.2 +/- 10 months. A significant percentage of our patients (35%) had areas of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma elsewhere, supporting the hypothesis that anaplastic thyroid carcinoma arises from preexisting well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Twenty-four of 30 tumors analyzed (84%) stained for keratin, 28 (93.3%) stained for vimentin, and ten (33%) stained for epithelial membrane antigen. Younger patients lived longer than older patients, and patients whose disease was earlier-stage at presentation responded better than patients with metastases at presentation. Radical surgery alone did not significantly increase survival duration over less radical surgery. The role of multimodality therapy needs further evaluation.
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PMID:Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. A clinicopathologic study of 121 cases. 169 18

Normal and well differentiated neoplastic canine tissues were immunohistochemically stained for keratin, vimentin and desmin intermediate filament proteins using commercially available monoclonal antibodies. Keratin was detected in 56 of 57 carcinomas, vimentin in 59 of 62 sarcomas and desmin in three of four muscle cell tumors. Most normal and neoplastic tissues expressed only one type of intermediate filament; exceptions were one hemangiosarcoma and one pulmonary carcinoma in which there was coexpression of vimentin and keratin proteins. Since immunohistochemical detection of intermediate filaments has tissue-specific distribution in the majority of well differentiated canine neoplasms, these stains may be useful in the differential diagnosis of anaplastic canine tumors. However, the monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratin which were tested in this study failed to detect intermediate filaments in liver, pancreas and salivary glands which suggests that these antibodies may also be unable to detect epithelial tumors derived from these tissues. In addition, in nine neoplasms, the normal tissues adjacent to neoplastic cells failed to stain for the intermediate filament normally expressed. When this occurs, evaluation of intermediate filament expression is invalid for the determination of tissue of origin of the neoplastic cells.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical detection of intermediate filament proteins in formalin fixed normal and neoplastic canine tissues. 169 60

Filed formalin-fixed paraffin blocks of 128 cases of epithelial neoplasms were selected for immunohistochemical study of keratin and vimentin expression. The results showed that 35.1% (45/128) of different carcinomas expressed vimentin. The immuno-positivity of vimentin in thyroid carcinomas, ovarian carcinomas, prostatic adenocarcinomas, pulmonary carcinomas and malignant mesotheliomas were 81.8%, 42.8%, 66.7%, 30.5% and 53.4%, respectively. Carcinomas of breast, kidneys, salivary glands, adrenal glands and nasopharyngeal carcinomas also showed various degrees of positive reaction. The results suggest that an immunohistochemical positive vimentin reaction does not exclude histopathological diagnosis of carcinomas. The significance and noticeable aspects of immunohistochemical methods in histopathological diagnosis are also discussed.
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PMID:[Immunohistological coexpression of keratin and vimentin in the epithelial neoplastic cells]. 169 23

Subdermal metastatic nodules in a 62-year old male patient with esophageal carcinoma contained both carcinomatous and chondroid areas. The carcinomatous areas showed the histology of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and light microscopically an apparent transition could be traced from carcinomatous cells to chondroid cells. In the chondroid cells, the characteristics of chondrocytes were demonstrated by light microscopic, electron microscopic, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies, although nuclear atypism was evident, suggesting their malignancy. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies showed that some chondroid cells contained both keratin proteins and squamous cell carcinoma antigen, which were also found in the carcinomatous cells. These findings together with the light microscopic observations suggest that chondroid cells are derived from squamous cell carcinoma cells.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus with cartilaginous metaplasia at metastatic lesions. 169 43

True malignant mixed tumor (TMMT) of salivary glands, with both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, is exceedingly rare. We offer a case of TMMT in a 79-yr-old man, which may represent the first report example of this unusual neoplasm arising in the tongue. The carcinomatous component was mainly of solid basaloid carcinoma with focal glandular differentiation, while the sarcomatous component was composed of pleomorphic elements such as chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Carcinoma cells at the periphery of solid nests occasionally merged into these sarcomatous elements. Immunohistochemically, basaloid carcinoma cells showed positive reaction for both low molecular weight cytokeratin and S-100 protein, whereas carcinoma cells lining ductal spaces were positive for a wide spectrum of keratin and EMA. The sarcomatous elements revealed the presence of vimentin and S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, basal lamina-like material and/or mucoid precipitates often accumulated separating the tumor cells from each other singly or into a few cell group. Some sarcomatous cells assumed the myoepithelial features, such as the presence of microfilament bundles with dense bodies and pinocytotic vesicles along the cell periphery. These findings may indicate that TMMT shares a common histogenesis with pleomorphic adenoma.
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PMID:Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical observations of a true malignant mixed tumor (carcinosarcoma) of the tongue. 169 22

An immunohistochemical study of keratin was performed in forty-five cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland, the results were as follows: keratin was distributed in the duct system of normal salivary gland, but the acini were negative. The distribution of keratin were varied in different patterns of adenoid cystic carcinoma. The amount of synthesis of keratin was many in tubular type of high differentiated carcinoma, but, in basaloid solid type of low differentiated carcinoma, the synthesis of keratin was less; the content of keratin in cribriform and trabecular type was between the tubular type and basaloid solid type, and the former had more keratin than the latter.
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PMID:[An immunohistochemical study of keratin in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland]. 169 92

In 17 cases of resected small cell carcinoma of the lung, there were 4 cases of central type and 13 cases of peripheral type. Histologic subtypes were classified into oat cell carcinoma (OAT), intermediate cell type (INT), and small cell carcinoma with large cell component (SC/LC). SC/LC was divided according to the criteria of Radice et al. Immunohistochemically, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were used as markers for neuroendocrine cells, and keratin and secretory component (SC) were used as markers for epithelial and gland epithelial cells, respectively. Histologically, 4 cases of the central type were divided into 3 cases of INT and one case of SC/LC. Thirteen cases of the peripheral type were divided into 3 cases of OAT, 6 cases of INT, and 4 cases of SC/LC. SC/LC was more frequently seen in the peripheral type than in the central type. Immunohistochemically, there was no difference in the frequency of positive staining for GRP and NSE between the central and peripheral types, but positive staining for keratin and SC were more frequent in the peripheral type than in the central type. Three cases who survived more than 3 years were histologically divided into two cases of INT and one case of SC/LC. Immunohistochemically, these 3 cases showed positive staining for GRP or NSE, but also showed positive staining for keratin or SC. Our results showed that some of the peripheral type small cell carcinoma of the lung had histologic and immunohistochemical features which were different from those of typical small cell carcinoma. Long survival time after resection in some of the peripheral cases might be due to these features.
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PMID:[Central and peripheral type small cell carcinoma of the lung--histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical analyses]. 169 98

Normal epithelial and carcinoma cells of human bladder were investigated for the cytokeratin which is one of the intermediate filaments and comprises cytoskeleton using the immunofluorescence method. Carcinoma cell lines used were JTC-30, JTC-32, HUB-41 and T-24. In normal urothelium, keratin fibers were fine and straight with unchanged diameter and distributed regularly in the cytoplasm. By contrast, keratin fibers in bladder carcinoma cells were kinked and changed in diameter and were distributed irregularly in the cytoplasm. The above findings were most obvious in T-24 which formed undifferentiated carcinoma when transplanted to nude mice, and keratin fibers were dominantly located in the perinuclear area. The changes of keratin fibers appeared to be parallel to the grade of histological anaplasia of the tumor formed by implantation of bladder carcinoma cell line cells to nude mice. These observations suggest that the morphology of cytokeratin is a useful indicator for evaluating the grade of malignancy in transitional cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[A study of cytokeratin in human normal bladder epithelium and bladder carcinoma cell lines]. 170 May 90

Twelve women with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the cervix uteri were followed for 2-15 years after diagnosis. Three patients died within 14 months. All had lymph node metastases and/or vascular involvement and exhibited tumor invasion to a depth of 1.2-3.2 cm. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is defined as a tumor with the appearance of squamous cell carcinoma without any glandular pattern and with demonstrable intracellular mucin. The mucin is best demonstrated by alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff-diastase. In 265 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, stage IB, lymph node metastases were present in 14%. In the cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, the prevalence of nodal metastases was 33%. Because mucoepidermoid carcinomas appear to be more aggressive lesions than squamous cell carcinomas are, it may be advisable to stain all cervical squamous carcinomas for mucin if they demonstrate finely vacuolated cytoplasm and lack peripheral palisading. Immunohistochemical studies for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), keratin, and epithelial membrane antigen were positive in all tumors to varying degrees. The detection of CEA may be of additional help in establishing a diagnosis.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of uterine cervix stage IB. Long-term follow-up, histochemical and immunohistochemical study. 170 Sep 69


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