Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We described previously (H. Imamura, et al., Cancer Res., 54: 3620-3624, 1994) a quantitative and reproducible 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for tumor cell invasiveness that uses a water-repellent, paraffin-treated Chemotaxicell chamber to produce a uniform Matrigel layer. In the present experiments, we studied 71 human gastrointestinal carcinomas, including 53 maintained as xenografts in nude mice and 18 fresh surgical specimens. We found a correlation between metastatic behavior and the percent invasion (PI) calculated from the MTT assay. Tumors producing liver metastases had a significantly higher PI than did tumors without liver metastases (P < 0.01), and seven of nine fresh tumors with a PI greater than 1.0 showed liver metastases within 2 years. No significant correlations were noted between the PI and clinicopathological factors. In the tumor xenografts, type IV collagenase activity was significantly higher in tumors with clinically evident liver metastases than in those without liver metastases (P < 0.05). Colorectal carcinomas with liver metastases and a high PI showed higher expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 than matrix metalloproteinase 2 as assessed by gelatin zymography. Thus, the invasion-MTT assay is clinically useful for predicting liver metastases. Type IV collagenase plays an important role in the development of liver metastases from human gastrointestinal carcinoma.
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PMID:In vitro determination of basement membrane invasion predicts liver metastases in human gastrointestinal carcinoma. 972 85

The anti-tumour activity of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MEBCD), a cyclic oligosaccharide known for its interaction with the plasma membrane, was investigated in vitro and in vivo and compared with that of doxorubicin (DOX) in the human tumour models MCF7 breast carcinoma and A2780 ovarian carcinoma. In vitro proliferation was assessed using the MTT assay. In vivo studies were carried out using xenografted Swiss nude mice injected weekly i.p. with MEBCD at 300 or 800 mg kg(-1) or DOX at 2 mg kg(-1), during 2 months. Under these conditions, MEBCD was active against MCF7 and A2780 cell lines and tumour xenografts. For each tumour model, the tumoral volume of the xenografted mice treated with MEBCD was at least twofold reduced compared with the control group. In the MCF7 model, MEBCD (800 mg kg(-1)) was more active than DOX (2 mg kg(-1)). After 56 days of treatment with MEBCD, no toxicologically meaningful differences were observed in macroscopic and microscopic parameters compared with controls. The accumulation of MEBCD in normal and tumour tissues was also assessed using a chromatographic method. Results indicated that after a single injection of MEBCD, tumour, liver and kidneys accumulated the highest concentrations of MEBCD. These results provided a basis for the potential therapeutic application of MEBCD in cancer therapy.
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PMID:Antiproliferative effect of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin in vitro and in human tumour xenografted athymic nude mice. 982 Jan 74

The antitumor effect of paclitaxel, epirubicin, and both in combination was tested using R-27, an estrogen receptor-positive human breast carcinoma. In an in vivo study using nude mice both drugs showed an additive effect, whereas they showed a supraadditive pattern in in vitro MTT assay. The combination of paclitaxel and epirubicin may enhance the antitumor effect on breast carcinoma.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of paclitaxel and epirubicin in human breast carcinoma, R-27. 982 Dec 99

Artepillin C was extracted from Brazilian propolis. Artepillin C (3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) has a molecular weight of 300.40 and possesses antibacterial activity. When artepillin C was applied to human and murine malignant tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, artepillin C exhibited a cytotoxic effect and the growth of tumor cells was clearly inhibited. The artepillin C was found to cause significant damage to solid tumor and leukemic cells by the MTT assay, DNA synthesis assay, and morphological observation in vitro. When xenografts of human tumor cells were transplanted into nude mice, the cytotoxic effects of artepillin C were most noticeable in carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Apoptosis, abortive mitosis, and massive necrosis combined were identified by histological observation after intratumor injection of 500 microg of artepillin C three times a week. In addition to suppression of tumor growth, there was an increase in the ratio of CD4/CD8 T cells, and in the total number of helper T cells. These findings indicate that artepillin C activates the immune system, and possesses direct antitumor activity.
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PMID:Apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth by artepillin C extracted from Brazilian propolis. 982 73

To investigate the mechanism of the acquired resistance of human cells to an anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a drug-resistant clone, KTFU-4, was isolated from a human KT breast carcinoma cell line, treated with ethylmethanesulfonate and then with 5-FU. The viability of the KT cells, analyzed using an MTT assay, was suppressed by 5-FU in a dose-dependent manner, while that of the KTFU-4 cells was enhanced by it at concentrations between 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/ml. Treatment of KTFU-4 cells with 5-FU resulted in increased amounts of activated phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinases, but not in the parent KT cells. It is thus possible that 5-FU stimulated the proliferation of KTFU-4 cells by activating a signal transduction pathway leading to cell growth.
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PMID:Activation of MAP kinases by 5-fluorouracil in a 5-fluorouracil-resistant variant human cell line derived from a KT breast cancer cell line. 982 38

Geraniol (1), olivetol (2), cannabinoids (3 and 4) and 5-fluorouracil (5) were tested for their growth inhibitory effects against human oral epitheloid carcinoma cell lines (KB) and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts using two different 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and sulforhodamine B protein (SRB) assay. Cannabigerol (3) exhibited the highest growth-inhibitory activity against the cancer cell lines.
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PMID:Boron trifluoride etherate on silica-A modified Lewis acid reagent (VII). Antitumor activity of cannabigerol against human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. 987 57

A comparison between IC50s of cecropin B on tumor cells such as KG-1 leukemia and Ags stomach carcinoma and non-tumor cells like fibroblasts and red blood cells was conducted. The IC50s of cecropin B for KG-1 leukemia and Ags carcinoma cells were 20.8 +/- 2.3 microM (MTT) and 18.9 +/- 3.3 microM (trypan blue) and 16.0 +/- 3.5 microM (MTT) & 15.3 +/- 3.7 microM (trypan blue), respectively. The IC50 of cecropin B for 3T6 fibroblast cells was 92.0 +/- 9.1 microM by MTT assay and the HE50 of cecropin B for human red blood cells was 180.0 +/- 20.1 microM at OD414nm. The cytolysis induced by cecropin peptides was more effective for the cancer cells than for the normal cells. Based on the observations from scanning electron microscopy, this may mainly due to the cancer cells having a high population of the irregular microvilli on the cell surface. Since peptides bound to the cell membrane are non-specific, the attraction of peptides by microvilli may be one of the main driving forces before the lysis in membrane bilayers can be efficiently initiated.
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PMID:Enhancement of the cytolytic effect of anti-bacterial cecropin by the microvilli of cancer cells. 989 11

Tunicamycin (TM), a naturally occurring antibiotic, blocks the first step in the biosynthesis of N-linked oligosaccharides in cells. In this study, we investigated whether changes in N-linked glycosylation affect the sensitivity of head-and-neck carcinoma cell lines to cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro treatment of the IMC-3 and KB cell lines with TM significantly decreased the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin, as determined by the MTT assay (24.15 to 10.97 microg/ml, p < 0.05). In addition, TM significantly decreased the IC50 of cisplatin against established cisplatin-resistant IMC-3/CR cells (>100 to 14.4 microg/ml, p < 0.05) to levels similar to those against parental IMC-3 cells. TM treatment decreased the number of Con A- and L-PHA-binding sites on the surface of tumor cells but had no effect on the intracellular platinum concentration. Induction of apoptosis in vitro by TM plus cisplatin in combination was increased compared with that by cisplatin alone. Furthermore, in vivo administration of TM plus cisplatin in combination significantly inhibited local tumor growth in the cisplatin-resistant in vivo C3H/He mouse model as compared with the control group (p < 0.05) and increased in vivo apoptosis of tumor cells. Our results suggest that the manipulation of glycosylation by TM in tumor cells might be a useful therapeutic strategy for successful chemotherapy using cisplatin against head-and-neck cancer.
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PMID:Inhibition of N-linked glycosylation by tunicamycin enhances sensitivity to cisplatin in human head-and-neck carcinoma cells. 993 11

EBV-LMP gene transfection, radioimmuno-binding assay (RIA) and colorimetric cell viability assay (MTT) were used to investigate the effect and relationship of EBV-LMP and EGF autocrine on the growth and proliferation of well differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (CNE1). Autocrine EGF was detected in the supernant of CNE1 cells and CNE1 cells could grow in serum-free medium, implicating that the cell proliferation-promoting effect of EGF autocrine was present in the CNE1 cell line. Nevertheless the positive signals of LMP gene polymerase chain reaction and LMP Mab immunohistochemical staining in pCMV alpha-LMP DNA transfected cells, confirmed the successful transfection of LMP gene. EGF autocrine amount and the proliferation of CNE1 cells in serum-free medium were more obvious in post-transfected cells than those in untransfected cells. The present study represents the first report on promotion of EGF autocrine in EBV-LMP-transfected cells, thus promoting cell proliferation.
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PMID:[Effect of EBV-LMP and EGF autocrine on proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE and their relationship in action]. 1007 84

In order to search for tumor cells apoptosis inducer, the apoptosis effects and mechanism of tea polyphenols were studied. Tea polyphenols is an active compounds purified from tea. The apoptosis effects of tea polyphenols were observed on the human gastric carcinoma cells (MGC) by MTT reduction test, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique. Having been treated by tea polyphenols in 125 micrograms.ml-1 for 24 h, DNA extracted from MGC cells showed a typical internuclesosomal DNA degradation, i.e., DNA ladder and apoptotic vehicles were observed under TEM. The effects of tea polyphenols were shown to parallel with its cytotoxic activity in MGC cells. These results suggest that the mechanism of antitumor action of tea polyphenols is related to its apoptosis inducing activity.
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PMID:[Induction of apoptosis by tea polyphenols in MGC cells]. 1007 14


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