Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 58-year-old man with history of productive cough and mild exertional dyspnea for several years was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal shadow on chest radiograph. Bronchofiberscopic examination revealed a polypoid tumor almost completely obstructing the right main bronchus. Bronchoscopic biopsy specimens showed amyloid-like deposits in the connective tissue surrounded by epithelium-like tumor cells with squamous metaplasia, but no diagnostic findings. Malignant tumor was suspected and right upper lobectomy was performed. The surgical specimen revealed nests of tumor cells surrounded by amorphous eosinophilic substance, which was confirmed to include amyloid fibrils by electron microscopy. A few tumor cells contained argyrophil granules by Grimelius staining, and some showed PAP staining for calcitonin. There was no evidence of involvement of other organs including the thyroid gland during the four year postoperative follow-up period. This case was diagnosed as thyroid medullary carcinoma-like tumor of the lung, which is a bronchopulmonary carcinoid-related tumor.
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PMID:[A case of thyroid medullary carcinoma-like tumor of the lung with amyloid stroma]. 150 87

One hundred heterosexual women presenting at our clinic in 1979 with anogenital warts, were reviewed 10 years later. Median duration of warts following initial clinic attendance was 2 months (range 0-120 months). In 1979 cervical PAP smear results were available for 76 patients; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was seen in 15/76 (19.7%) women; 3 (4%) women had low grade CIN, 12 (15.7%) women had high grade CIN. Nineteen women had had treatment for CIN between 1979 and 1989, 7 laser ablation, 9 cone biopsy, 2 laser ablation and cone biopsy, and one woman laser ablation, cauterization and cone biopsy. At 10-year follow-up in 1989 4/100 women had anogenital warts, 12/100 women had cytological evidence of CIN (7 low grade, 5 high grade), and 37/100 women had CIN detected on colposcopic biopsy (31 low grade, 6 high grade). No women developed invasive cervical carcinoma during the study period. CIN lesions, detected in 1979, regressed without any treatment in 2 women. Colposcopic biopsy was 3.1 times more sensitive than single cervical PAP smear at detecting CIN (4.4 times as sensitive in detecting low grade CIN; 1.2 times as sensitive in detecting high grade CIN). In 1989 CIN was detected in 7/19 (36.8%) of women who had undergone cervical treatment between 1979 and 1989, and in 35/81 (43.2%) of women having no cervical treatment within this period (chi squared P greater than 0.5). These findings suggest that cervical laser ablative therapy and cone biopsy do not in the long term influence the natural history of cervical human papilloma virus-associated disease (CIN) in women with anogenital warts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Ten year follow-up study of women presenting to a genitourinary medicine clinic with anogenital warts. 154 64

This paper presents 191 cases of malignant lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring. It comprised 21% of all the malignant lymphomas diagnosed in our hospital, 1964-1989, and ranked first in the extranodal malignant lymphomas. The locations of these tumors were: tonsil (in 127 cases), nasopharynx (in 62) and base of tongue (in 2). Cervical lymph nodes were frequently involved. Thirty cases, including polymorphic, clear cell and lymphoblastic lymphomas, were examined by PAP immunohistochemical method and were all shown to be of T-cell type. Owing to the bizarre appearance of the tumor cells, varied histological architecture and diverse modes of invasion they were often misdiagnosed as anaplastic or poorly differentiated carcinoma. Malignant granuloma was also one of the diagnostic problems because of the ulcer formation. Occasionally, as the tumor base was infiltrated by large amount of inflammatory cells, they could also be misdiagnosed as inflammatory lesions. Consequently, we believe that the immunohistochemical method should be considered as an important supplementary method of diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical features of malignant lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring--a report of 191 cases]. 157 14

We studied the occurrence of DR-antigen (DR-Ag) positive thyroid epithelial cells (TEC), lymphocyte (Ly)-subsets, and antigen-presenting cells (APC) in thyroid carcinoma and the influence of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) on immunologic behavior. Tissue slices from various thyroid carcinomas (n = 14) and endemic goiters (n = 12) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods (PAP/APAAP/FITC) using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against DR-Ag, dendritic cells (APC), endothelial cells, CD-3 Ly, CD-4 Ly, and CD-8 Ly. Monolayers of TEC were cultured in the presence or absence of TSH (0.01 mU/ml) and/or PHA (0.1 mg/ml) over 24 h and screened for DR-Ag expression. Various ranges of DR-Ag expression were detectable in 13 thyroid carcinomas. One thyroid carcinoma and all endemic goiters were DR-Ag-. The amount of APC and local infiltrating Ly correlated very well with the presence and intensity of DR-Ag+ TEC. The lymphocytic CD-4/CD-8 ratio varied in a wide range. No prevalence of Ly-distribution for any type of carcinoma was found. PHA induced DR-Ag expression in all thyroid carcinomas and endemic goiters. This effect was enhanced significantly by TSH. DR-Ag expression on thyroid carcinoma cells may be considered as an immune activating factor. These "neoantigens" may be induced by lymphokines released by the local immune competent cells. The distribution of Ly and DR-Ag+ TEC in thyroid carcinoma seems to represent the individual immunologic response against the tumor. Whether TSH acts as an immune modulator directly or indirectly, as described elsewhere, cannot be concluded from these results.
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PMID:Immunologic findings in tissue of thyroid carcinoma. 160 May 24

S-100 protein positive cells in the regional lymph nodes (LN) of cardial carcinoma were demonstrated with PAP method in 33 cases, and the number of positive cells were counted. The status of immune reaction combined with the number of positive cell in the LN and follow-up results were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. The average number (7.3) of S-100 protein positive cells in the group of deaths was significantly higher than that in the survival group (3.3). 2. The status of immune reaction of LN in the group of deaths was inactive or depressed, but in the survival group it was active. 3. In the group of deaths, 50% of detected LN harbored metastasis, but only 9.4% in the survival group had metastasis. 4. There was no difference in the positive cell numbers between the LN with and LN without metastasis in the group of deaths. It is considered that the number of S-100 protein positive cells is one of the criteria which is more important than carcinoma metastasis in judging the prognosis.
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PMID:[The relationship between the number of S-100 protein positive cells in the regional lymph nodes of cardial carcinoma and the prognosis]. 166 2

We used the method of Rudolph et al. (Clin Chem 1988; 34:2031-8) to find information in the data from correlated determinations of acid phosphatase (PAP, EC 3.1.3.2; DuPont aca) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA, Hybritech). We described there how we assign medical decision limits for two or more correlated variables and convert the database to a binary coded message, allowing separation of a selected disease class with minimum error. The decision point, analogous to a percentile upper limit on the ordered values of each variable in the reference group, satisfies the maximum entropy constraints of reference, producing a minimum entropy for the binary coded patient database. We found maximum entropy decision points at PAP = 0.75 U/L and PSA = 22.8 micrograms/L. Patients with PSA values exceeding 22.8 micrograms/L had no benign prostatic disease except for five patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with adjacent colon carcinoma (95.3), BPH with infarction (27.6), BPH (23.4) 28.1), or acute prostatitis (34.6). We consider PSA exceeding 22.8 micrograms/L as indicative of carcinoma of the prostate, stage C or D, in the absence of disconfirming evidence. Another decision value for PSA is 11.3 micrograms/L. This bounds the region between 11.3 and 22.8 micrograms/L, where the frequency of BPH is 1.5 times that for adenocarcinoma. At PSA less than 11.3 micrograms/L there is a high frequency of BPH. PSA concentration is not correlated with prostatic size (mass) or with prostatitis. A metastatic carcinoma is as likely to be nonprostatic as prostatic when the PSA concentration is less than 11.3 micrograms/L.
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PMID:Medically significant concentrations of prostate-specific antigen in serum assessed. 169 92

Immunohistochemical study of cervical carcinoma used EE21-06d monoclonal antibodies which identify five cytokeratin polypeptides inherent in the squamous epithelium. PAP-method and reaction of immunofluorescence were employed. Initial stages of squamous cell carcinoma invasion were characterized by bleaching or complete cell discoloring of most tumor cells. However, in deeply invading tumors, the share of intensively stained cells was markedly increased. The results point to expression of different cytokeratins or cell clones replacement with tumor progression. The peculiarities of cytokeratin distribution may serve to determine the degree of invasion and differentiation of tumor cells.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of cells of invasive cancer of the vaginal part of the cervix uteri]. 169 88

Six patients with localized prostatic carcinoma undergoing radical prostatectomy were studied by serial sample collection from the time of surgical removal of the prostate up to one week in the postoperative period. Of the three markers studied (PAP, PSA, LASA), half-life of specific prostatic markers were calculated. Half-life of PAP was found to be 7.25 hours +/- SE of 0.7 hours. For PSA the half-life could be obtained in 4 of 6 patients and was found to be 45.5 hours +/- SE 4.9 hours. In 2 patients PSA did not fall in a regular fashion and half-life could not be obtained. In both patients metastatic disease has developed within six months of surgery. LASA demonstrated progressive increase following surgery, most likely due to associated inflammatory reaction. These studies confirm previous observations that PSA is a more sensitive marker than PAP, and that the presence of an elevated PSA after radical prostatectomy denotes the presence of residual disease.
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PMID:Prognostic implications of disappearance rate of biologic markers following radical prostatectomy. 170 May 27

The biotin-avidin immunoperoxidase assay was used to evaluate the expression of several prostate carcinoma-associated markers in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of three human prostate nude mouse heterotransplant lines PC-82, PC-EW, and PC-EG. In addition to monoclonal antibodies to PSA and PAP, monoclonal antibodies to five other potentially useful markers for prostate carcinomas (TURP-27, Leu-7, 7E11-C5, PSP-19, and PD41) were tested. Tissues from two or more transplant passages were evaluated. The human prostate target antigens were found to be expressed by one or more of the three heterotransplant lines. The PC-82 and PC-EW lines were the most efficient in terms of expression of multiple prostate carcinoma-associated markers and percentage of tumor cells positive for a given prostate antigen. The staining pattern of each marker, in terms of staining intensity, number of tumor cells stained, and staining location, i.e., membrane, cytoplasmic, or ductal secretions, was similar to what has been observed in tissue sections from human prostate carcinomas. The lack of an appropriate model for evaluating the preclinical potential of these Mabs (especially TURP-27, PSP-19, and PD41) makes the findings of this study of considerable importance, and suggests that these human prostate xenografts may be useful models for exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these anti-prostate carcinoma monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of prostate tumor-association markers in the nude mouse human prostate carcinoma heterotransplant lines PC-82, PC-EW, and PC-EG. 170 Dec 49

The objective of this study was to determine if human prostate carcinoma-associated tumor markers were expressed by Dunning rat prostate carcinomas. Frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 12 different sublines of Dunning tumors were evaluated for marker expression by immunoperoxidase staining by using a panel of 9 monoclonal antibodies, including antibodies against human PAP and PSA. None of the Dunning tumors were found to express any of the human prostate tumor markers. Both fixed and live immunofluorescent assays were performed on 5 cultured Dunning tumor cell lines, evaluated either as single cells or as monolayers. As with the Dunning tumor tissues, none of the cell cultures expressed any of the 9 human prostate tumor markers. The lack of antigen expression by the Dunning tumor tissues and cell lines suggests that these human prostate tumor markers are quite species specific. These results limit the use of the Dunning prostate tumors as models to explore the preclinical application of these human prostate carcinoma-associated monoclonal antibodies and their target antigens.
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PMID:Dunning rat prostate tumors and cultured cell lines fail to express human prostate carcinoma-associated antigens. 170 Dec 50


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