Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

MCF-7 cells, a human breast carcinoma line, forms tumors when injected into athymic nude mice. These tumors are able to metastasize to lungs, liver and spleen. 17 beta-estradiol treatment increases both the growth rate and frequency of metastases. Castration or diabetes prevents metastasis formation, but treatment with estrogen or insulin restores the metastasizing capacity. MCF-7 cells secrete into the culture media collagenases able to lyse types I and IV collagens. Estrogen or insulin addition to the culture enhances collagenase production. Attention is called to the coexistence of enhancement in collagenase production and metastasis formation.
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PMID:Formation of metastasis by human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7) in nude mice. 645 Jun 36

Electrophoretic analyses of collagenous material have shown that the parietal yolk sac carcinoma (PYSC) ascitic tumour synthesizes polypeptide chains that migrate as type IV procollagen. Having molecular weights of 185,000 and 160,000, these polypeptides are sensitive to collagenase. When the PYSC cells are injected subcutaneously, they form a solid tumour, and type I collagen predominates. The electrophoretic analyses of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and enzymatic degradation have shown a predominance of heparan sulfate in the ascitic tumour, and of chondroitin sulfate B in the solid tumour. Cells cultured from ascitic tumours have maintained the same collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan patterns as the original cells, whereas in the solid tumour culture only chondroitin sulfate AC has been detected.
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PMID:Sulfated glycosaminoglycan and collagen patterns in parietal yolk sac carcinoma (PYSC). 646 17

A new procedure for the synthesis of double stranded cDNA, based upon release of mRNA by "in vitro" translation, was used to clone type IV collagen. Collagen synthesizing polysomes selectively isolated from a mouse parietal yolk sac carcinoma (PYS-2) were used for translation in an heterologous cell-free system. Translation products were collagenase-sensitive and displayed an electrophoretic mobility correspondent to type IV collagen. Translation released mRNA was employed to construct a 100 base pairs long cDNA clone which hybridized to a 7,800 nucleotides long mRNA. Peptides synthesized by "in vitro" translation of hybrid selected mRNA displayed an electrophoretic mobility compatible with that of alpha 1 (IV) collagen, were sensitive to collagenase and were immunoprecipitated by anti-type IV collagen antibody.
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PMID:Construction of a cDNA clone corresponding to mouse alpha 1(IV) procollagen. 654 18

Interactions were studied between highly metastatic murine MB6A lymphosarcoma cells and rat liver endothelial cells that had been isolated by collagenase perfusion and purified by unit gravity sedimentation. Experiments were performed on the day of isolation. MB6A cells were observed to adhere to the endothelial cells. Addition of rat serum had a striking effect: The endothelial cells spread over the MB6A cell surface, engulfing the tumor cells. The factor involved was nondialyzable and also was present in rat plasma. Similar interactions were seen with highly metastatic ESb and MDAY-D2 lymphoma cells and with nonmetastatic Eb cells. Low-metastatic GRSL 34 leukemia and TA3/Ha ascites mammary carcinoma cells did not adhere to the endothelial cells. With this in vitro model the molecular mechanisms of adhesion to liver endothelium were studied. As a first step, univalent antibodies against MB6A cells were found to inhibit adhesion, indicating involvement of specific cell surface molecules.
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PMID:Interactions between lymphoid tumor cells and isolated liver endothelial cells. 658 92

An experimental in vitro or in vivo tumour model should be unchanged represent the biological properties (e.g. histology, proliferation). Changes of tumour cell populations were determined by means of DNA-distribution and multinucleation after cytochalasin B treatment. Flow cytometry measurements on cell cultures in 50 ml glass culture flasks reveal reduction of polyploid cells after collagenase treatment of human mammary carcinomas. Selection of cell populations are responsible for the failed induction of multinucleation by cytochalasin B. In organ cultures the composition of cell population prior to and after 48 hours could maintained. The improved penetration could be demonstrated by autoradiographic measurements of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Thickness, surface and improved penetration of metabolites of vital tissue slices seem to be also important for cell movement and cell division. In 10 out of 12 experiments an earlier cell migration and proliferation could be observed from vital slices than from tissue pieces. Organ cultures represent sufficiently carcinoma in vivo and are more suitable than other mentioned in vitro cell culture methods.
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PMID:[In vitro cell and tissue cultures as a model for studying human tumors]. 673 40

The concentration of IgG and IgA was measured in the supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and of cells harvested from the intestinal lamina propria, which were cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of mitogens. The lamina propria mononuclear cells were harvested by collagenase digestion of macroscopically normal mucosa from 10 fresh surgical resections for carcinoma. Secretion of IgA in cultures of unstimulated lamina propria mononuclear cells greatly exceeded that of IgG. The addition of pokeweed mitogen increased Ig secretion by cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells but decreased Ig secretion by lamina propria mononuclear cells. The addition of concanavalin A suppressed Ig synthesis by pokeweed mitogen stimulated cells more in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells than in lamina propria mononuclear cells. Cycloheximide inhibited Ig secretion by more than 90% in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but there was less inhibition in cultures of lamina propria mononuclear cells. In the four unstimulated cultures of lamina propria mononuclear cells examined, over 75% of the Ig was secreted in the first three to four days of culture. The results indicate that lamina propria mononuclear cells are refractory to the inductive and suppressive signals of mitogens, and represent an activated cell population which is committed to Ig secretion before being cultured.
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PMID:In vitro immunoglobulin synthesis by human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes. 673 48

To clarify the role of cathepsin B in tumor invasion, the enzyme was visualized in tissue frozen sections of the subcutaneously growing rabbit V2 carcinoma. Localization of cathepsin B was achieved by immunofluorescent staining and by enzyme histochemistry. For the former approach, a sheep antiserum was raised against purified cathepsin B from rabbit liver. The antibodies, isolated by immunoadsorption, reacted monospecifically with rabbit liver cathepsin B in Ouchterlony double diffusion and in immunoelectrophoresis. In the enzyme histochemical assay, Z-Ala-Arg-Arg-methoxynaphtylamide was used as fluorogenic substrate and nitrosalicylaldehyde as coupling agent. With both methods, cathepsin B was found to be localized within fibroblasts and leukocytes assembled at the tumor invasion front. In addition, immunofluorescent staining demonstrated the occurrence of the enzyme in the extracellular matrix surrounding tumor cell clusters. Carcinoma cells always remained unstained. The conclusion is drawn that cathepsin B is chiefly produced by host cells which are stimulated to increase synthesis and to release the enzyme under the influence of the tumor. A dual function can be ascribed to cathepsin B concentrated in the vicinity of the tumor: it operates intracellularly (in host cells) through degradation of endocytosed protein and extracellularly through activation of collagenase. The resulting lytic action on host structures appears to be a prerequisite for local spread of the V2 carcinoma.
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PMID:Histochemical localization of cathepsin B at the invasion front of the rabbit V2 carcinoma. 703 59

In an attempt to elucidate the role played by neoplastic epithelial cells in the formation of stromal collagen, the synthesis of collagen by two cloned human gastric carcinoma cell lines was studied. The presence of antigenicity of procollagen alpha 1(I) chain in the cytoplasms of both carcinoma cell lines growing in culture was demonstrated by an immunocytochemical technique using specific antibodies. After denaturation of the radiolabeled collagenous proteins extracted from the combined cells and culture media, two components comigrating with authentic alpha 1(I) and alpha 2 chains on sodium dodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were found. Electrophoretogram analysis revealed further a dense band slightly slower than the alpha 1(I) chain, most likely representing alpha 1(I) trimer. These radioactive components disappeared after exposure of the samples to bacterial collagenase. The relative activity of collagen synthesis determined by using purified collagenase was slightly higher than that of fibroblasts derived from human synovial membrane in culture. The same antibodies to procollagen alpha 1(I) chain also labeled the cytoplasms of carcinoma cells, and extracellular matrix of the tumors developed after transplantation of one of the cell lines into the nude mice. Our data indicate that both human gastric carcinoma cell lines synthesize type 1 collagen in vivo as well as in vitro and suggest that carcinoma cells may play an active role in the formation of stromal collagen in most human carcinomas.
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PMID:Biosynthesis of an interstitial type of collagen by cloned human gastric carcinoma cells. 706 11

We previously produced evidence that the human mammary-carcinoma cell line 8701-BC expresses several metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -9, and -10) and their tissue inhibitors). In order to obtain a better understanding of the environmental control over gelatinolytic activities, we have tested the enzyme production of 8701-BC cells, at time intervals after plating on different collagen substrates, i.e., types I, III, IV, V and OF/LB, used as films in culture dishes. Proteinase activities, released in the conditioned culture media, were tested by zymography on SDS-PAGE, and by quantificative analyses, using 14C carboxymethylated transferrin as substrate in a liquid incubation medium. Enzymatic activities varied with time and were inversely related to cell densities, with minimum values at cell confluence. The enzymatic activity was positively supported by collagen substrates, with a maximal increase in activity when OF/LB collagen was used. In addition to the known MMPs, we found a proteinase with an M(r) of about 20 kDa, which displayed higher activity at 48 hr after cell plating and gradually decreased with cell increment. In contrast to the other MMPs, this proteinase is inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor, but it does not display a complete identity with trypsin, since it does not digest casein and is not inhibited by other serine proteinase inhibitors.
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PMID:Cell-cell and cell-collagen interactions influence gelatinase production by human breast-carcinoma cell line 8701-BC. 755 30

The activity of type I and IV collagenase was measured in thyroid tissue obtained from 6 non-diseased thyroids, 4 patients with Graves' diseases, 5 with follicular adenoma, 6 with papillary carcinoma and 4 with follicular carcinomas. The relationship between these enzyme activities and invasion or metastasis of the original tumors was studied. The activity of type I collagenase in papillary carcinomas and follicular carcinomas was higher than in non-diseased thyroids, Graves' disease and follicular adenoma. Carcinoma tissue with invasion beyond the capsule in particular had higher type I collagenase activity. Type IV collagenase activity in carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was higher than in non-diseased thyroids, Graves' disease and follicular adenoma, and especially higher than carcinoma without lymph node metastasis. These findings suggest that increased type I collagenase activity plays an important role in local invasion in thyroid carcinoma, and that increased type IV collagenase activity plays an important role in lymph node metastasis.
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PMID:[Study of type I and IV collagenase activity in human thyroid diseases]. 762 46


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