Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Zenker's diverticulum is a common developmental anomaly seen usually in the elderly. Carcinoma in this pharyngoesophageal outpouching has been reported in only 23 instances. A 55-year-old woman is presented whose only symptoms were dysphagia and periodic regurgitation of bloodstained material. Barium swallow and esophagoscopy confirmed the presence of a neoplasm, and biopsy revealed an epidermoid carcinoma. Wide field resection was followed by a full course of irradiation and secondary pharyngoesophageal reconstruction. The patient was free of disease at three-year follow-up.
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PMID:Carcinoma in a Zenker's diverticulum. 12 79

Esophageal neoplasms were diagnosed in 8 of 49,229 dogs seen over the last 11 years at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the University of California at Davis. The neoplasms were primary in 2 dogs and metastatic to the esophagus in 6 dogs, with thyroid carcinoma being the most common site of the primary tumor. The most common clinical signs were regurgitation, dysphagia, weight loss, development of neck masses, and respiratory difficulties. It was concluded that the clinical signs often can be misleading. The interpretation of survey radiographs, barium contrast studies, or fluoroscopic studies often provide the initial data base. The final diagnosis requires histologic examination. Retention of air in the esophagus (with or without esophageal displacement) and motor dysfunction (with or without gross morphologic changes) are the most important criteria for radiographic diagnosis.
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PMID:Clinical and radiographic signs in primary and metastatic esophageal neoplasms of the dog. 42 31

33 cases of cancer of the gastric stump after gastrectomy for peptic ulcer observed between 1963 and 1972 are reviewed. In 26 patients the average interval between operation and carcinoma detection was over 20 years. No cases of carcinoma occurred in less than 10 years. All patients came too late for surgery, since they had attributed their symptoms to the previous operation. The gradual increase in the gastric-cancer risk of operated patients with time suggests a continuous carcinogenic influence. Regurgitation of duodenal contents through the Billroth II anastomosis seems to be the most important cause of postoperative atrophic gastritis, which is now considered by many authors to be a condition predisposing to gastric cancer. Gastric resection patients should be regarded as a high gastric-cancer risk group. The periodic use of modern procedures for early gastric cancer detection in this group of patients is therefore justified.
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PMID:[Gastric stump carcinoma after resection for benign gastric or duodenal ulcer (author's transl)]. 101 10

This is the report of the presence of a benign gastric ulcer in a patient with achlorhydria and documented pernicious anemia. The pernicious anemia was established by a Histalog-fast achlorhydria, a Schilling test of 2.1% excretion of tagges vitamin B12 in a 24-hr urine, and reticulocytosis after administration of cyanocobalamine. Following Histalog (1.5 mg per kg of body weight), the gastric volume was 40 ml, there was no acid, and the pH was 8.1. The ulcer demonstrated by gastroscopy was confirmed at gastrectomy. Histological examination of the ulcer and the remainder of the stomach showed no malignancy. The principal conclusion of this paper is that the patient did not have an acid-produced ulcer, but that bile regurgitation coupled with alcohol ingestion produced the lesion. Surgical investigation of the ulcer seemed mandatory because of the known increased incidence of gastric carcinoma in patients with pernicious anemia.
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PMID:Benign gastric ulcer in a patient with pernicious anemia. 115 91

From 1981 to 1990, 297 cases of carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus were resected in our department. Among these cases, 225 cases (84.3%) were reconstructed cervical esophagogastrostomy via the posterior mediastinal route. In this paper, these 225 cases were analysed to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure which was developed by S. Abo in 1975. Operative mortality was 4.4% Anastomotic leakage occurred in 24.4% of the cases, but the majority of the cases were treated successfully without any drainage and 83.3% of the cases could start their diet within one month after operation. The volume of oral intake by the patients after discharge increased satisfactorily (1,500-1,800 kcal/day), but the body weight decreased gradually. So the ambulatory enteral nutritional support was started and proved useful for maintaining their body weight. Alkaline reflux evaluated using 24-hour pH-monitoring system was observed in about half of the cases but the degree of the alkaline shift was not strong. Some complaints (heart burn in 6.3%, regurgitation in 21.9%, feeling of fullness after eating in 40.6%, stenotic sensation in 20.7%) were present but not serious.
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PMID:[Cervical esophago-gastrostomy via the posterior mediastinal route for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus]. 143 46

A 55-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of left hemiparesis. Brain CT and cerebral angiography demonstrated cerebral embolism due to occlusion of the sphenoidal part of the right middle cerebral artery. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed mitral valve vegetation measuring 10 x 7 mm and slight mitral-valve regurgitation. Blood cultures were negative. She developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Chest roentgenography and abdominal ultrasonography showed multiple liver and lung tumors, but she died before the primary lesion was detected. At autopsy, adenocarcinoma of the gall bladder was found. Friable vegetation was attached to the auricular surface of the mitral valve. Microscopic examination confirmed the diagnosis of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Although echocardiography is an important tool for diagnosing nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, few reports have described echocardiographic detection of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Because vegetation of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis is smaller than that of infective endocarditis (less than 3 mm), it is difficult for echocardiography to detect nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Thus, a negative examination does not exclude the possibility of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. To make an antemortem diagnosis of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, we must perform echocardiography carefully in cases of cerebral infarction with carcinoma and/or DIC.
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PMID:[A case of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis presenting positive findings by two-dimensional echocardiography]. 143 79

The function of the gastric substitute after oesophagectomy for carcinoma was studied retrospectively in 80 patients. At 3 months and 1 year postoperatively, a clinical and endoscopical examination was performed. A modified Visick grading of the results was used for scoring the final result. At 3 months 90% of the patients lost weight, compared with their preoperative status. At 1 year postoperatively, however, only 10% of the patients noted a further weight loss. One-fourth of the patients suffered 3 months postprandial fullness and diarrhoea, while 18% had dumping symptoms. These symptoms are mostly temporarily and disappear almost completely at 1 year. Three months postoperatively, 27% of patients had dysphagia, and 15% had heartburn and/or regurgitation. At 1 year, heartburn and/or regurgitation were increasingly reported (up to 21%), while less dysphagia was noted (15%). Early stricture requiring one or more dilatations was present in 18.7% of the patients. Five patients developed a late anastomotic stricture; 4 were located at the level of the intrathoracic anastomosis and were associated with severe oesophagitis. At 1 year there was a statistically significant difference between patients with cervical anastomosis and those with intrathoracic anastomosis when comparing reflux symptoms (4% vs. 50%; p = 0.0001) and oesophagitis (8% vs. 53%; p = 0.001). In all, 86% of patients had an excellent or very good late functional result, but only 6% of patients who underwent cervical anastomosis have a Visick score 3 or 4 vs. 23% after intrathoracic anastomosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Early and late functional results in patients with intrathoracic gastric replacement after oesophagectomy for carcinoma. 158 Oct 85

Among 11,821 cases of esophageal carcinoma treated in a 32 year period, 7 were found to be associated with achalasia (0.059%). Five cases were proved by biopsy or cytology and 2 were diagnosed by esophagograms. There were 4 men and 3 women. The age ranged from 30-54 years with a median of 38. The age was younger than that of esophageal carcinoma unassociated with achalasia. Duration of achalasia was from 7 to 20 years. Three patients died within 1 year and 1 died 17 months after diagnosis. Three were lost to follow-up. The presenting symptoms were aggravating dysphagia in 4; and hoarseness, dyspnea and bloody regurgitation in the other two. Patients with achalasia should be treated energetically in the early stage. Double contrast esophagography and esophagoscopy should be done carefully during the followup. Preparation of the esophagus is most important when performing the X-ray examination of the esophagus.
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PMID:[Association of esophageal carcinoma with achalasia--report on 7 cases]. 161 81

It is now accepted that the incidence of esophageal carcinoma is highest in the middle thoracic region. Esophageal carcinoma after gastrectomy, however, has a tendency to develop in the lower thoracic region. These studies suggest a possible correlation between the development of esophageal carcinoma and gastrectomy, i.e., alkaline reflux into the esophagus. To elucidate this correlation, the role of alkaline reflux of duodenal contents in the development of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma induced by N-amyl-N-methylnitrosamine (AMN) was investigated in Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 3 groups; gastrectomized rats with or without regurgitation of duodenal contents into the esophagus, and control rats without gastrectomy. All received low doses of AMN for 8 weeks and were subsequently killed for pathological examination. Esophageal squamous-cell carcinomas were found only in gastrectomized rats with regurgitation. The carcinomas were found exclusively in areas of reflux esophagitis and were accompanied by severe dysplasia. Our results indicate that alkaline reflux of duodenal contents strongly contributes to the development of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma.
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PMID:The role of alkaline reflux in esophageal carcinogenesis induced by N-amyl-N-methylnitrosamine in rats. 193 62

Transhiatal esophagectomy with primary anastomosis to the stomach (gastric pull-up) is an attractive surgical alternative to colic interposition in patients with cancer of the esophagus and hypopharynx. However, the lack of intrinsic gastric peristalsis and complaints by patients of postprandial regurgitation prompted us to measure the effect of body posture on the rates of gastric emptying in these patients. The rates of solid and liquid gastric emptying were measured in 14 patients who had undergone gastric interposition for esophageal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Rates of emptying were measured in both the supine and upright position using a dual-isotope radiolabeling technique. In these patients, the rate of gastric emptying of both solids and liquids was significantly slower in the supine position than in the upright position. Emptying in supine patients was also prolonged when compared with supine normal volunteers. Conversely, the upright rate of solid and liquid emptying in the patients was accelerated when compared with published values for upright normal volunteers. We conclude that gastric emptying after gastric interposition is dependent on upright posture after meals.
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PMID:Gastric emptying after gastric interposition for cancer of the esophagus or hypopharynx. 195 60


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