Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The superficial depressed type of early gastric carcinoma is described. The macroscopic appearance is characterized by an irregular erosion, often associated with a deeper central ulceration. The surrounding mucosal folds exhibit abrupt termination, narrowing, and clubbing. The roentgen diagnosis requires good demonstrations of detail. The double-contrast technique is most important and informative and can be used to study almost any part of the stomach.
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PMID:Roentgen features of the superficial depressed type of early gastric carcinoma. 16 98

Twenty patients with biopsy proved liver disease, and roentgenologic features of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy have been studied, and the literature has been reviewed. The syndrome is a rare association of many chronic liver diseases, including primary biliary cirrhosis, bile duct carcinoma, benign bile duct stricture, chronic active hepatitis, posthepatitic cirrhosis and alcoholic cirrhosis. Patients may be asymptomatic, although bone pain, arthralgia or arthritis may be presenting symptoms. Ninety per cent of the patients are clinical jaundiced at the time of diagnosis, and 95 per cent have digital clubbing. The distal tibia and fibula are the first bones to become involved, although wrist, foot bones, femurs, hand bones and humeri may be affected in order of frequency. There is no correlation between the presence of esophageal varices or surgical portacaval shunts and the extent of the syndrome, neither is there a correlation with the degree of liver function impairment. Serum calcium and phosphate levels are normal, as is urinary hydroxyproline and estrogen excretion. There was no evidence to implicate elevated levels of growth hormone or overdosage of vitamin A. Although the majority of patients tested had mild arterial hypoxemia, increased cardiac output and evidence of right to left shunting, these were also present in disease-matched control subjects without osteoarthropathy. For screening purposes, patients with chronic liver disease and clubbing should have roentgenologic studies of the lower tibias and fibulas, to select those patients suitable for a more extensive skeletal survey.
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PMID:Hypertrophic hepatic osteoarthropathy. Clinical, roentgenologic, biochemical, hormonal and cardiorespiratory studies, and review of the literature. 46 21

This is a retrospective study of 90 patients who developed distant metastases after radical radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The skeleton was the commonest site of distant metastases. Clubbing, hypercalcemia and malignant fever occurred in about 10% of patients with pulmonary, skeletal and hepatic metastases respectively. An effective chemotherapeutic regimen for palliation of pulmonary and hepatic metastases was cisplatinum/carboplatin-5FU which gave a complete response rate of 29% and partial response rate of 21%. This was considered superior to some non-cisplatinum-containing regimens. One patient with hepatic metastases had good palliation by hepatic irradiation. The median survival of all patients with distant metastases was eight months. Five (6%) patients survived more than two years with one surviving free of disease at 31 months. Hepatic metastases and spinal cord compression were associated with short survivals.
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PMID:Clinical features and management of distant metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 170 23

We present a case of a woman with pulmonary metastatic disease from breast carcinoma who presented with features of pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA). We document the unusual presentation with classical features of HPOA in the absence of finger clubbing and the response of the scintigraphic appearances to antitumor chemotherapy.
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PMID:Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in pulmonary metastatic disease. A case report and review of the literature. 185 Oct 60

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) may be defined as a syndrome of chronic proliferative periostitis of the long bones, clubbing of the fingers and toes, arthralgia and or arthritis, oligo- or polysynovitis. It is often associated with primary pulmonary carcinoma, rarely with other intra- or extrathoracic disease processes. With the present report, the Authors would like to contribute some informations on the clinical aspects of pulmonary HOA and a review of literature.
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PMID:[Pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy of Pierre-Marie-Bamberger. Discussion of 5 cases and review of the literature]. 213 77

Growth hormone is a secretory product of some primary bronchial neoplasms and has been associated with the development of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy and acromegaly in occasional patients with such tumours; it has not, however, generally been considered important in the pathogenesis of digital clubbing. Plasma levels of growth hormone at the time of diagnostic bronchoscopy were measured in 60 patients with histologically proved bronchial carcinoma, divided according to whether clubbing was present (n = 21) or absent (n = 39), and in 13 control subjects undergoing the same procedure but with no neoplasm. The median plasma level of growth hormone ( and interquartile range) was 0.74 (0.5-1.0) mU/l in five control subjects with no pulmonary disease, 0.83 (0.4-1.3) mU/l in eight subjects with non-neoplastic pulmonary disease, 1.1 (0.6-3.3) mU/l in patients with carcinoma but without clubbing, and 3.1 (0.8-9.0) mU/l in 21 patients with carcinoma and clubbing. The highest growth hormone level was seen in a patient with a small cell carcinoma and pronounced clubbing; levels had fallen to normal by the time chemotherapy was completed and clubbing completely resolved. Thus growth hormone or a similar substance might have a role in the pathogenesis of clubbing in patients with bronchial neoplasms.
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PMID:Plasma growth hormone and digital clubbing in carcinoma of the bronchus. 216 90

Pelvic computed tomography (CT) was analyzed in 48 patients with rectal carcinoma. Air was insufflated into the rectum before CT scanning. The areas of tumor (T) and rectosigmoid lumen (L) were determined for T/L ratio. Changes of the perirectal fatty tissues on CT were classified into five patterns: shaggy, granular, linear, clubbed, and wavy appearances. The T/L ratio and changes of the perirectal fatty tissue were correlated with transmural tumor extension. When the T/L ratio was above 1, tumors were frequently classified as Dukes' staging B and C, whereas a T/L ratio above 2 suggested Dukes' C classification. Clubbed or wavy appearance in the perirectal fatty tissues suggested that the tumor extended beyond the submucosa involving the muscularis propria. These findings were very useful for surgery.
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PMID:Preoperative computed tomography staging of rectal carcinoma. 274 89

Thirty-two cases of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma are reported. The prevalence of the syndrome in young subjects was striking: 29 of the patients were under 25 years of age. Seventeen presented with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, 13 with clubbing of the fingers, 1 with dermatomyositis and 1 with myelemia due to excessive production of bone marrow cells. Twenty-eight patients had metastases which involved the lung in 24. These pulmonary metastases are held responsible for the osteoarticular paraneoplastic syndrome, but in our 4 patients without metastases the syndrome was probably caused by the primary tumour itself.
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PMID:[The paraneoplastic syndrome in nasopharynx cancer. 32 cases]. 315 47

Non-invasive tests of cardiovascular autonomic function were performed in 69 patients with histologically proved bronchial carcinoma and the results compared with those obtained in a group of age and sex matched controls. Only two patients were under 50 years of age, and with the exception of the heart rate response to deep breathing the tests performed have no accepted normal ranges in patients of this age. None of the patients had features of florid, disabling autonomic neuropathy. All the tests of autonomic function showed declining performance with age but in addition there were significant differences in the results when the two groups were compared. In the group with carcinoma the resting heart rate was higher (p less than 0.05), the resting supine blood pressure lower (p less than 0.01), and the postural fall in blood pressure greater (p less than 0.01). Test results were not related to tumour histology, the presence of finger clubbing, drug history, or symptoms suggestive of autonomic dysfunction. Abnormal responses in tests of cardiovascular autonomic function are commonly found in elderly patients but bronchial carcinoma appears to have an additional effect. The precise mechanism of this effect remains a matter for speculation.
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PMID:Are cardiovascular reflexes more commonly impaired in patients with bronchial carcinoma? 375 Feb 44

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA), well known in adults, is rarely encountered in children. The clinical features include clubbing of the fingers and toes, arthritis, and a sometimes painful ossifying periostitis of the tubular bones. Apart from a hereditary form (primary HOA), most of the cases encountered in children are secondary and associated with conditions such as chronic suppurative lung processes (e.g., cystic fibrosis), congenital heart disease, biliary atresia, and polyposis coli. The association with malignant disorders, which is relatively common in adults, is very rare in children. In 1986 the authors published a case report of a patient with carcinoma of the nasopharynx who developed HOA. Another similar patient has been encountered. In both, the appearance of HOA was associated with a very poor prognosis. A meticulous research of the literature from 1890 to 1990 revealed only 24 children (19 boys, 5 girls) under the age of 18, with malignancy and associated HOA. Among them were 10 patients with a carcinoma of the nasopharynx, 8 with osteosarcoma, 3 with Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 with a periosteal sarcoma, 1 with mesothelioma of the pleura, and 1 with carcinoma of the thymus. In five patients with HOA, there were no abnormalities of the lungs, mediastinum, or pleura, and none developed during the course of the disease. Many authors mention the predictive value of HOA, especially in association with malignant tumors. In contrast to suppurative processes in the lungs, in those with neoplastic disease involving the chest, HOA may precede pulmonary symptoms by 1-18 months. A striking feature of HOA in these instances is the reversibility of the complaints after successful treatment of the disorder of the chest, both in benign and malignant conditions. The present case is the second reported by the authors and the first description of a girl with carcinoma of the nasopharynx developing HOA.
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PMID:Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in childhood malignancy. 841 3


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