Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In cases of recent asthma in which clinical control with the usual treatment (corticosteroids and bronchodilator) is unsatisfactory, it is important to consider other diagnoses, such as congestive heart failure, gastroesophageal reflux or other forms of airway obstruction. We report the case of a female patient with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the trachea mimicking asthma. The patient presented cough and wheezing, as well as abnormal spirometry results with an obstructive pattern that was responsive to bronchodilators. One year later, the patient presented clinical and spirometric worsening. The chest X-ray revealed no abnormalities. A CT scan showed a vegetative lesion obstructing the tracheal lumen and located 1 cm from the carina. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed a finding similar to a bronchial carcinoid tumor. The anatomopathological diagnosis made after surgical resection was low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, without lymph node involvement. Although the flow-volume curve was not suggestive of upper airway obstruction, the spirometry performed after the surgery showed a significant reduction in the degree of obstruction and greater reversibility after bronchodilator use. There was no evidence of recurrence of the disease or of the symptoms after a two-year follow-up period.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the trachea mimicking asthma. 1939 Jul 28

Primary tracheal tumors are rare, accounting for only 0.2% of all thoracic cancers. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common tracheal malignancy. Most ACC patients present with dyspnea, and the symptoms often mimic those of asthma or chronic bronchitis. We report the case of a 79-year-old female patient who presented with dyspnea and wheezing, but showed poor response to bronchodilator treatment. Bronchoscopy revealed a lobulated tumor over the lower third of the trachea, and biopsy revealed adenoid cystic carcinoma. Tumor curettage followed by intensity modulated radiation therapy was performed, and the patient eventually recovered. This case demonstrates that such less invasive management also leads to a favorable outcome.
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PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma of trachea treated with tumor curettage and adjuvant intensity modulated radiation therapy. 2107 33

A 3-y-old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) was noticed to be lethargic in the compound. Physical exam revealed cyanotic mucous membranes, dyspnea, bilateral harsh lung sounds, wheezing on expiration, and a firm mass possibly associated with the liver. Radiographs revealed bilateral soft tissue opacities in the thorax. Due to poor prognosis, the rhesus was euthanized, and a necropsy was performed. Both right and left lung lobes were consolidated and had multifocal white-tan masses. On cut section, the masses were firm, had areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and often contained a tenacious exudate. Masses were identified in the liver and both kidneys. Given the morphologic features of the neoplasm, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made. Immunohistochemistry staining for thyroid transcription factor, a nuclear transcription factor normally found in lung, thyroid, and tumors arising from either of those tissues, confirmed that the masses originated from the lung. Malignant primary lung tumors are divided into 8 main histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and salivary gland tumors. Clinical signs associated with lung tumors include, but are not limited to, dyspnea, coughing, hemoptysis, lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Although squamous cell carcinoma will be low on the differential list for these clinical signs, we encourage clinicians and researchers to not rule it out solely based on incidence and age of the animal.
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PMID:Spontaneous primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). 2164 39

Double aortic arch (DAA) is an extremely rare vascular malformation which causes tracheal and esophageal compression, resulting in respiratory symptoms such as stridor and wheezing, or feeding problems such as dysphagia, usually during the first few months of life. In contrast, this disorder is rarely diagnosed in adults. We herein present an elderly case with thoracic esophageal carcinoma with DAA. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second report of a successfully resected case of esophageal cancer associated with DAA in the English literature. Moreover, this is the first reported case of symptomatic DAA with esophageal carcinoma. Spiral computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction was very useful for preoperative assessment of the abnormal vessels.
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PMID:Successful resection of esophageal carcinoma associated with double aortic arch: a case report. 2284 14

A 15-yr-old female Madagascar ground boa (Boa madagascariensis) presented with a history of anorexia, wheezing, and occasional open-mouth breathing. On oral examination, a firm, caseous mass was noted in the right caudoventral pharyngeal region, which was confirmed as a carcinoma on incisional biopsy. Advanced imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) was performed to evaluate local tumor invasion and to plan for palliative radiation therapy. However, following the second treatment (10 Gy), the mass had increased in size, and the snake was euthanatized. Radiation-associated vasculitis was noted within the soft tissues surrounding the mass and within muscles and the lung, which was verified on histopathology. The squamous cell carcinoma of the snake in this report was resistant to palliative radiation therapy.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of a pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a Madagascar ground boa (Boa madagascariensis). 2350 15

A young woman was admitted with respiratory failure. Prior to her admission, she had been treated for clinical bronchial asthma for about 2 years for recurrent wheezing. Endotracheal intubation was difficult. A fibroptic bronchoscopy, while the patient was ventilated, revealed a central tracheal tumour compromising >90% of the tracheal lumen. The tumour was cored out during rigid bronchoscopy while ventilating the patient through tracheostomy. Histopathology of the tumour was suggestive of adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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PMID:All that wheezes is not asthma. 2457 76

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare malignant tumor arising from the bronchial gland. A case of 6-year-old male child who presented with fever, hemoptysis and wheezing since 1month is reported. Chest X-ray showed features suggestive of foreign body with post-obstructive pneumonia and was treated for the same with medication without much improvement. Subsequently computerized tomography scan chest was carried out, which showed oval mass with speculated margin in right hilar region with distal segmental atelectasis. Bronchoscopy showed small growth with nodularity in the apical segmental bronchus of the right lower lobe with mucosal erosion and hence carried out broncho-alveolar lavage showed few atypical squamous cells. Patient underwent right lower lobectomy, which showed a grey white oval mass with solid and cystic areas in the right hilar region with extension in to the lung parenchyma. Histology of the tumor showed mixed solid and cystic areas with sheets of epidermoid cells and mucus-filled cysts of irregular size. Areas of solid growth were composed of squamoid and intermediate cells. Hence, the final diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) intermediate grade of the lung was made. Early diagnosis can be accomplished if the clinician is alert to persistent pneumonia, coughing and tumor obstruction on image studies. MEC is a comparatively rare low-grade tumor, which reportedly carries a good prognosis with early surgical intervention.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid lung carcinoma in child. 2476 Dec 53

To know the diagnostic role of pleural biopsy in determining underlying etiological causes of exudative pleural effusion. A total of 47 patients, aged 16-104 years with mean age of 47.36 years, of either sex, with exudative pleural effusion underwent closed pleural biopsy with Abram's needle in standard way. Average 4-6 biopsy specimens were obtained from each patient, which were sent for histopathological examination. In this study, 47 cases of exudative pleural effusion were included, among them 26 (55.31%) cases were male and 21 (44.69%) were female with mean age 47.36 years. Cough was reported by 42 (89.36%) cases, expectoration 28 (59.57%), hemoptysis 3 (6.38%), breathlessness 27 (57.44%), wheezing 3 (6.38%), chest pain 38 (80.85%) and fever by 30 (63.82%) cases. Out of 47 cases, 28 (59.57%) cases had a positive yield, whereas in 19 (40.43%) cases the result was nonspecific inflammation. Out of 28 (59.57%) cases with positive yield 21 (44.68%) were found to have granulomatous inflammation and 10 (21.28%) cases were malignant. Among malignant pleural effusion, 4 cases were squamous cell carcinoma; 3 small cell carcinoma; 1 case adenocarcinoma and 1 case found to have mesothelioma. Tuberculosis and malignancy are the two most common causes of exudative pleural effusion in our set up. Pleural biopsy is a safe, simple and well validated diagnostic tool that helps us to differentiate between malignancy and tuberculosis.
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PMID:Diagnostic yield of pleural biopsy in exudative pleural effusion. 2579 3

Primary pulmonary tumors are rare in pediatrics. When they are encountered, they are usually carcinoid tumors or mucoepidermoid carcinomas. We present a patient who presented to both his primary care physician and the pediatric emergency department with recurrent bouts of wheezing and pneumonia, none of which ever completely resolved despite appropriate treatment. The patient had multiple chest films, which demonstrated the persistence of what appeared to be a right-sided infiltrate/atelectasis. Ultimately, the patient underwent a diagnostic workup that included a computed tomography scan and bronchoscopy. These studies revealed the presence of a bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patient was successfully treated with photoablation of the lesion through the involvement of multiple subspecialists, including pediatric pulmonology, pediatric surgery, pediatric otolaryngology, and pediatric oncology. We discuss the incidence and epidemiology of pediatric bronchial tumors in general and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in particular as well as diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis. Emergency physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for alternate diagnoses in patients whose disease fails to respond to traditionally accepted therapy.
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PMID:Persistent Pneumonia: Time to Take a Closer Look. 2641 31

Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare clinical condition with only about 100 cases reported in the literature. It is characterized by primary hyperplasia of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) which are specialized epithelial cells located throughout the entire respiratory tract, from the trachea to the terminal airways. DIPNECH appears in various forms that include diffuse proliferation of scattered neuroendocrine cells, small nodules, or a linear proliferation. It is usually seen in middle-aged, nonsmoking women with symptoms of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing. We present a 45-year-old, nonsmoking woman who presented with symptoms of DIPNECH associated with bilateral pulmonary nodules and left hilar adenopathy. Of interest, DIPNECH in our patient was associated with metastatic pulmonary carcinoids, papillary carcinoma of the left breast, oncocytoma and angiomyolipoma of her left kidney, and cortical nodules suggestive of tuberous sclerosis. She had video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), modified radical mastectomy with reconstruction, and radical nephrectomy. She is currently symptom-free most of the time with over two years of follow-up.
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PMID:A Rare Case of Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia. 2660 60


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