Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (M-EAP regimen) was administered to 4 patients with advanced epithelial cancer of the urinary tract (Methotrexate 30 mg/M2 day 1, 15 and 22; Etoposide 100 mg/M2 day 1, 2, 15 and 22; Adriamycin 30 mg/M2 day 2; Cisplatin 70 mg/M2 day 2, every 4 weeks). In an attempt to improve the anti-cancer effect of the M-VAC regimen, etoposide was substituted for vinblastine. This series comprised 3 males and 1 female ranging in age from 54 to 68 years (mean age: 63), with a performance status of 1 to 2. The site of the primary lesion was bladder in 3, and left ureter in 1. The clinical response was assessed in 3 of the 4 patients: one achieved complete response and two had partial response. Two of the four died of disease 5 months after chemotherapy. Two of them have been alive for 10 and 8 months with no evidence of disease after chemotherapy. Toxicity included moderate or severe myelosuppression in two patients, and mild to moderate anorexia, vomiting, alopecia, and hiccups in all patients. These preliminary results suggest that the M-EAP regimen is effective against advanced epithelial carcinoma of the urinary tract. However, myelosuppression was a dose-limiting factor.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of methotrexate, etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (M-EAP) for advanced urothelial cancer]. 192 67

The safety, tolerance, and clinical effects of a home therapy regimen of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and interferon-alpha 2b (IFN-alpha 2b) self injected subcutaneously have been assessed in 35 patients with advanced cancer refractory to standard therapy. 52 treatment cycles were given, each consisting of a 2-day rIL-2 pulse of 9.0 million IU/m2 every 12 h, followed by 6 weeks of rIL-2 1.8 million IU/m2 twice daily for 5 days per week and of IFN-alpha 2b 5.0 million U/m2 thrice a week. The main adverse effects were fever, chills, nausea, anorexia, and hypotension and were limited to WHO grades of severity I and II in 29 of 35 patients. No treatment-related deaths occurred. The response rates among patients with renal-cell carcinoma were similar to those reported for high-dose intravenous regimens of interleukin-2 that are toxic and have to be given in hospital.
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PMID:Home therapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha 2b in advanced human malignancies. 197 42

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine with pleiotropic biological and antitumor effects in vitro and in mouse models. The immunological effects of the molecule as a single agent, however, have not been well studied clinically. We conducted a Phase I trial of TNF in 53 patients with advanced malignancies in order to determine the biological and clinical effects of TNF when administered as a 30-min i.v. infusion three times/week. Dose levels of TNF ranged from 5 to 275 micrograms/m2; doses of TNF were escalated between patient groups. The most common clinical toxicities of TNF consisted of rigors, anorexia, headache, and fatigue. Dose-limiting toxicity consisted of hypotension, fatigue, and nausea. Four patients treated at the maximally tolerated dose of 225 micrograms/m2 received dexamethasone to determine whether the toxicities of TNF could be ameliorated. No significant differences in hypotension or subjective symptomatology were observed in those patients receiving dexamethasone and those who did not or between injections in which dexamethasone was administered and when it was not. One patient with colorectal carcinoma treated with 50 micrograms/m2 had a partial response lasting about 9 months. Biological responses were evaluated in 8 patients treated at the maximally tolerated dose before therapy and 24 h afterward. TNF significantly (P less than 0.05 for all) enhanced serum beta 2-microglobulin, serum neopterin, and serum interleukin-2 receptor (Tac antigen) levels. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity was also increased 24 h following the administration of TNF, although this increase was only of borderline statistical significance (P = 0.07). TNF did not enhance granulocyte bactericidal activity. The expression of cell surface proteins on monocytes, including HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, beta 2-microglobulin, and the Fc receptor, and serum interleukin-1 activity also were not significantly increased by the administration of TNF. Thus, in humans TNF caused biological response modulation with evidence of HLA Class I (beta 2-microglobulin) increase and T-cell (Tac antigen) and monocyte (neopterin) activation.
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PMID:Biological and clinical effects of intravenous tumor necrosis factor-alpha administered three times weekly. 199 56

A 65-year-old female, who had undergone partial gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for duodenal ulcer 22 years ago, visited our hospital with a complaint of anorexia. Roentgenogram and endoscopic examination revealed a protruding lesion on the posterior wall of the gastric remnant. An endoscopic biopsy specimen was histologically regarded as carcinoma. Proper hepatic arteriography revealed an accessory left gastric artery arising from the left hepatic artery, which was a main feeder to the tumor. Total gastrectomy with lymph node dissection and splenectomy were performed. Histology of the tumor was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma located in the submucosal layer. To our knowledge, there is no report about the carcinoma of the gastric remnant fed by the accessory left gastric artery.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the gastric remnant fed by the accessory left gastric artery--a case report]. 201 31

During the period 1978 to 1988, 4619 upper gastrointestinal fibreoptic panendoscopies were carried out. There were 106 (2.2%) histologically confirmed cases of carcinoma of the stomach. The annual incidence was 9.6. The peak incidence was in the fifth decade. The mean age of these patients was 49.4 years and the male: female ratio was 3.6:1. The most frequent symptoms were weight loss (81%) and anorexia (72.9%). Dysphagia was present in 30% of patients. Thirty two percent of patients had proximal carcinoma, 63.2% had distal carcinoma and in 4.7% the whole stomach was involved. Patients with distal carcinoma had a longer history (P less than 0.01) and were more likely to present with weight loss (P less than 0.001), anorexia (P less than 0.005), abdominal pain (P less than 0.05) and abdominal lump (P less than 0.05), compared to proximal carcinomas. Dysphagia was, however, more likely to be present in patients with proximal carcinomas (P less than 0.001).
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PMID:Proximal versus distal carcinoma of the stomach. A clinicoendoscopic study. 207 67

In a phase II study, the efficacy and toxicity of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rh TNF-alpha) were evaluated in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Rh TNF-alpha was given as short term infusion at a dose of 3 x 10(5) U/m2 on three successive days. Treatment was repeated after a two week interval. The response was evaluated after four treatment cycles. In 15 patients entering the study, we found one partial response, one stable disease, 9 progressive diseases, and four patients who were not evaluable for tumor remission. There were numerous side effects of the treatment, mainly fever, chills, loss of appetite, leukopenia, and hepatotoxicity. In this regimen, rh TNF-alpha does not suggest a therapeutic advantage for treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:Tumor necrosis factor in advanced colorectal cancer: a phase II study. A trial of the phase I/II study group of the Association for Medical Oncology of the German Cancer Society. 209 81

A prospective study of 41 patients (24 male and 17 female) aged over 40 years with iron deficiency anemia and hookworm infection was performed by endoscopy and barium enema to determine the incidence of GI lesions. Alcohol ingestion, smoking, abdominal pain, anorexia, loss in weight, bowel habit change, analgesic consumption and stool occult blood test were analyzed for their positive predictive value of GI lesions. The mean age of the patients was 62.8 years (SD = 10.1). The mean hemoglobin was 5.99 gm.% (SD = 1.9). Twenty patients (48.8%) had GI lesions. The lesions included 10 erosive gastritis, 1 erosive duodenitis, 5 gastric ulcers, 2 duodenal ulcers, 1 carcinoma of stomach and 1 carcinoma of colon. Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and carcinoma were regarded as significant lesions. Abdominal pain was found in 16 of the 20 patients with GI lesions and 8 of the 21 without GI lesion (Chi square with Yate's correction, x2 = 5.78 p = 0.02). Four of the 17 patients without pain had GI lesions but only one of these 4 (5.8%) had gastric ulcer. Abdominal pain had an 80% sensitivity and 62% specificity for the positive prediction of GI lesions based on the above findings. GI investigation is recommended for all patients with abdominal pain. In those without pain, treatment of hookworm and iron therapy with follow-up may be justified.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal lesions in patients over 40 years of age with iron deficiency anemia and hookworm infection. 209 22

A Phase Ia clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate and compare murine monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and KS1/4-methotrexate immunoconjugate in patients with Stage IIIB or IV non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Six patients received KS1/4 alone and five patients received KS1/4-methotrexate conjugate. The maximal total dose received per patient in both groups was 1661 mg. Mild to moderate side effects in both groups included fever, chills, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, and brief transaminasemia. One patient who received antibody alone had an apparent acute immune complex-mediated reaction. Ten of 11 patients had a human anti-mouse response. Posttreatment carcinoma biopsies revealed binding of monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and deposition of C3d and C4c complement fragments. Monoclonal antibody binding and complement deposition correlated with increasing doses of infused antibody. There was one possible clinical response.
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PMID:Phase I clinical comparative study of monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and KS1/4-methotrexate immunconjugate in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. 216 55

A 58-year-old woman had a unilateral, solitary breast lesion determined by biopsy to be due to giant cell arteritis. Clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings in this patient and in other patients reviewed from the literature revealed that characteristically patients with giant cell arteritis of the breast have (1) tender unilateral or bilateral nodules at times mimicking breast carcinoma; (2) significant constitutional symptoms of anorexia, weight loss, myalgias, fever, and arthralgias; (3) marked elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate; (4) normal or mildly decreased hemoglobin values and normal or slightly elevated leukocyte counts; (5) normal temporal artery biopsy findings; (6) rare organ involvement; and (7) rapid improvement after prednisone therapy or frequent spontaneous resolution. This mode of presentation suggests features of a unique syndrome since many patients had no systemic involvement, require no treatment at all, and had a self-limited clinical course.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis of the breast. A unique syndrome. 218 37

Reported is the case of a 58-year-old male who visited our hospital with the chief complaint of anorexia. Diagnosed as having an esophageal cancer, a subtotal esophagectomy was performed including the dissection of the tumor. According to the surgical findings, the tumor was not exposed to the tunica externa and no lymph node metastasis or infiltration to the pleura or a metastasis to the lung or liver was note. On histopathological examination a basal cell carcinoma of esophagus was determined but no squamous epithelium was seen. The carcinoma was the muscular propria, and neither infiltration into the epithelium nor invasion into the vessels was noted. The postoperative progress appeared good, however seven months later the patient died from multiple hepatic metastasis.
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PMID:[A basal cell carcinoma of the esophagus--a case report]. 223 85


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