Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An account is given of a family from the Canton of Valais, suffering from hereditary adenocarcinomatosis. The pedigree extends over four generations; the first three comprise 47 individuals (28 males, 19 females), of whom 21 (16 males and 5 females), i.e. 44.6%, are affected with malignant tumours. Of the 32 people in the fourth generation, only one individual is affected to date (a girl aged 21, IV/14). There were 27 tumours in all: 16 adenocarcinomas of the colon, two gastric adenocarcinomas, one duodenal adenocarcinoma, one rectal adenocarcinoma, one papillary carcinoma of the ovary, one osseous sarcoma, one cutaneous fibrosarcoma, a multiform glioblastoma of the basal nuclei of the brain, a basocellular epithelioma, also a cerebral metastasis from an adenocarcinoma, the origin of which has not been established, and a tumour invading the biliary tract. Three members of the family suffered from multiple tumours. In three of the patients, the colonic adenocarcinoma was accompanied by one or two polyps. The average age at the onset for all the tumours was 45 years. It was definitely lower in the third than the second generation (anticipation). The transmission was autosomal dominant, with predilection for the male sex (57.1% male and 26.3% female patients). The penetrance was about 80%. The author finally discusses the diagnostic criteria for hereditary adenocarcinoma and reviews the different familial forms of cancer.
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PMID:[Hereditary adenocarcinomatosis in 4 generations of a Valais family]. 59 30

Sixteen cases of primary neoplasms of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in the dog were reviewed from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). The mean age of affected dogs was 9.5 years. The presenting clinical signs were epistaxis, nasal discharge or facial swelling. Eleven of the affected dogs were purebred. Three of these were Collies and two German Shepherds. The nasal cavity was involved most often. All neoplasms were malignant (11 carcinomas and five sarcomas), and there was invasion of the adjacent bony structures in most dogs. Tumors were classified according to prominent cell type and degree of differentiation into respiratory epithelial carcinoma (four), adenocarcinoma (one), squamous cell carcinoma (one), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (two), undifferentiated carcinoma (three), chondrosarcoma (three) and undifferentiated sarcoma (two).
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PMID:Primary neoplasms of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in the dog. A report of 16 cases from the files of the AFIP. 62 66

Except for oral administration, there was no grossly observed toxicity from carefully administered high doses of amygdalin in the experimental systems used. The compound in high doses was ineffective against the DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma and the following transplanted experimental tumors: Sarcoma 180, plasma cell tumor LPC-1, leukemia L1210, Mecca lymphosarcoma, Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma, sarcoma T241, mammary carcinoma E0771, Taper liver tumor, Ehrlich carcinoma (solid and ascites), and Walker carcinosarcoma 256. Amygdalin did not noticeably influence the toxicity or impair the efficacy of these chemotherapeutic agents in their respective systems: Cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, cytoxan, or 5-fluorouracil in L1210; the latter two in LPC-1; 6-mercaptopurine in Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma; estradiol-17beta or 2alpha-methyldihydrotestosterone propionate in the DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma.
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PMID:Antitumor tests of amygdalin in transplantable animal tumor systems. 64 16

The immunogenecity of a transplantable carcinoma, which has spontaneously developed from embryonal colonic tissues, ectopically transplanted into adult syngeneic mice, was investigated. Three methods were employed to check the immunogenicity of the tumor: 1) transplantation and subsequent surgical removal of the tumor; 2) injection of irradiated tumor cells, the effect of immunization in both cases was detected by the decreased weight of tumors, repeatedly transplanted into the immunized animals; 3) mice were immunized according to the 2nd method, the effect of the immunization was defined by calculating the number of tumors, arisen in lungs of mice injected i. v. tumoral cells. The 3rd method was found to be mostly sensitive. Significant differences in the immunogenicity of different passages of carcinoma were noted. An antigenic similarity of adenocarcinoma concerned and colonic sarcoma developed under identical conditions was revealed.
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PMID:[Immunogenic properties of adenocarcinoma of mouse large intestine]. 64 68

Two new analogs of adriamycin have been obtained by chemical synthesis, 4-demethoxyadriamycin and 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin. Both compounds were highly effective against experimental mouse tumors at doses about ten times lower than those effective for adriamycin. At the optimal dose, 4-demethoxyadriamycin displayed antitumor activity similar to that of adriamycin in solid Sarcoma 180 (S180), L1210, P388, and Gross leukemias, and mammary carcinoma, while it did not markedly inhibit the growth of Moloney sarcoma virus-induced sarcoma in mice treated before the virus infection. At the optimal dose, 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin was as active as adriamycin against L1210, P388,and Gross leukemias, and less active against solid S180. The results show that anthracycline derivatives characterized by the absence of the methoxyl group at the C-4 position are markedly more potent than the parent compound, and may exhibit a differential antitumor effect on a number of mouse tumors.
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PMID:Synthesis and antitumor activity of 4-demethoxyadriamycin and 4-demethoxy-4' -epiadriamycin. 64 96

A case of fibrosarcoma arising in the scar of the radical mastectomy with postoperative irradiation of breast carcinoma is reported. The tumors arose five times in spite of the extirpations including surrounding tissue since 11 years after radical mastectomy and postoperative irradiation. All of arisen tumors were diagnosed fibrosarcoma histologically and with every recurrence the aggravation of malignancy of tumors was shown. In this case, the primary tumor of the breast was infiltrating carcinoma and no sign of fibrosarcoma was noted histologically. The mastectomy scar was indicated the irradiation therapy postoperatively and fibrosarcoma developed 11 years after postoperative irradiation. Namely, this case agreed to the strict criteria of the postirradiation sarcoma proposed by Cahan et al. In this paper, a case of postirradiation fibrosarcoma arising in the scar of radical mastectomy for carcinoma is presented.
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PMID:Postirradiation fibrosarcoma following radical mastectomy. 65 Oct 29

Chronic exposure of a cloned rat hepatocyte culture (RL-PR-C) to a subtoxic, sublethal dose of aflatoxin B1 resulted in malignant transformation. Continuous exposure to aflatoxin B1 caused increasing tumorigenic potential as tested by back injection into isogenic animals. Control cultures exhibited spontaneous transformation, although approximately 20 passages beyond the chemically induced event. Neither aflatoxin-treated nor control cultures exhibited cytopathological morphology, formation of cell foci, growth in soft agar, or irregular fibroblast-like growth patterns that could be specifically related to the onset of tumorigenic potential. In general, those parameters commonly used to monitor fibroblast cultures for transformation in vitro were not applicable for assessing the tumorigenic potential of these epithelial cells. Karyotypic analyses revealed no specific chromosomal aberrations associated with aflatoxin treatment; however, chromosomal instability was a property of the tumorigenic cell populations. Injection of both aflatoxin-treated and control cultures at passage 56 resulted in tumors indicative of both carcinoma and sarcoma indicating to us the multipotency of these epithelial cells transformed in vitro.
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PMID:A diploid rat liver cell culture. IV. Malignant transformation by aflatoxin B1. 66 35

Theories on the nature of cancer may be classified into two categories. One regards cancer strictly as a local phenomenon while the second looks at cancer as a local manifestation of a systemic process or disease. Although the first dominates current medical thought, the theories of immunological surveillance and of protovirus-oncogene implicitly assume cancer to represent a local manifestation of a systemic process or disease. This is supported also by epidemiological data forwarded in the present paper. In order to clarify the exact meaning of a systemic disease, cancer and its manifestation are compared with arteriosclerosis and its sequelae. Arteriosclerosis could be regarded as a prototype of a systemic disease. It presents itself clinically solely by its local manifestations, like myocardial infarction or stroke. These local manifestations may be followed by secondary systemic sequelae like congestive heart failure. In the same context, it is proposed to regard cancer as one systemic disease which presents itself clinically by local phenomena like carcinoma, lymphoma and sarcoma. These local manifestations may lead further to secondary systemic sequelae like metastasis.
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PMID:Cancer as a systemic disease. 67 9

Primary sarcoma of the gallbladder was encountered in only 1 patient in a 5-year period during which primary carcinoma of the gallbladder was diagnosed in 1,8% of 954 surgically resected gallbladders and in 0,5% of 2 230 autopsies. The autopsy findings of the patient are described.
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PMID:Primary sarcoma of the gallbladder. A case report. 68 51

The results of studies conducted on 355 white nonpedigree male rats (268 experimental and 87 intact animals) indicated that nephrogenic hypertension: a) potentiates the development of benz(a) pyrene induced blastomas; b) enhances, as a rule, the growth of transplantable tumors: carcinoma RS-1 and sarcoma 45; c) results in a tendency to more frequent metastasization of the tumors (Walker carcinosarcoma and Zajdela ascites hepatoma).
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PMID:[Nephrogenic hypertension and carcinogenesis]. 70 95


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