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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The proliferation parameters of the Walker carcinoma were estimated from both in vivo and in vitro measurements. tthe transplantable Walker carcinoma 256 was grown in male inbred BD1 rats. During exponential growth, 5--6 days after transplantation, a PLM curve was performed, yielding estimates of TC approximately equal to 18-0 hr, TS approximately equal to 6-4 hr, TG2+M approximately equal to 4-1 hr. With the double labelling technique in vitro under 2-2 atm oxygen we obtained: TC approximately equal to 18-2 hr, TS approximately equal to 8-2 hr, TG2+M approximately equal to 2-0 hr. From pulse cytophotometry DNA content histograms the fractions of cells in the cell cycle phases were calculated using a computer program: fG1 approximately equal to (47-6 +/- 1-1)%, fS approximately equal to (34-1 +/- 1-0)%, fG2+M approximately equal to (18-3 +/- 1-5)%. These fractions remained constant between the fifth and the twelfth day after transplantation. At that time the tumour growth had already slowed down appreciably. The growth fraction determined by repetitive labelling was 0.96 on the fifth and 0-93 on the seventh and eleventh day. The cell loss factor was phi approximately equal to 17% during exponential tumor growth and increased to about 100% between the tenth and twelfth day. The agreement of the cell kinetic data determined by autoradiography from solid tumours in vivo (PLM, continuous labelling) and autoradiography as well as pulse cytophotometry from in vitro experiments (excised material) was satisfactory.
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PMID:Studies on the population kinetics of the Walker carcinoma by autoradiography and pulse cytophotometry. 32 11

The growth of Krebs-2 carcinoma in BCG-prevaccinated virgin female C57BL/6, CC57BR/M, and C3Hf mice was studied in relation to the number of living mycobacteria in the organism. When the number of mycobacteria was high, tumor growth was stimulated. After the bacteria were eliminated, tumor growth was inhibited. The effect of BCG was based, on the one hand, on the diversion of effector cells, presumably macrophages, responsible for tumor defense and, on the other hand, on the activation of the pool of these cells. The conclusions were reached that high doses of BCG may be dangerous in human cancer immunotherapy and that patients predisposed to neoplastic disease should be revaccinated with BCG.
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PMID:Stimulation of tumor growth in mice by high doses of BCG. 36 50

A complete remission of widely metastatic bladder carcinoma was obtained with chemotherapy in a 41-year-old man. Severe persistent anorexia led to a 33% weight loss. The anorexia correlated with an elevated sucrose recognition threshold. Following 16 days of intravenous hyperalimentation, taste sensation returned to normal, anorectic symptoms cleared, and weight gain and positive nitrogen balance resulted. There was no stimulation of tumor growth. Restoration of nutritional deficits with intravenous hyperalimentation can improve taste function and appetite so that adequate oral alimentation can be tolerated.
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PMID:Correction of taste abnormality of malignancy with intravenous hyperalimentation. 41 88

The Noble rat prostatic adenocarcinoma is an animal model which is used to study human prostatic carcinoma. It mimics the human condition in histology, in biochemistry with the production of acid phosphatase, and in tumor growth which is relatively constant. Additionally, it is hormonally dependent and metastasizes. This animal model should provide an avenue for the evaluation of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents heretofore receiving little attention from the urologic community.
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PMID:The Nb rat: prostatic adenocarcinoma model. 42 31

During a 10 year follow-up, 18 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder or urachus were treated operatively. We report on the therapy and results. The criteria for differentiation between primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder and urachal carcinoma are stressed. Chronic irritation of the urothelium is most likely involved in the natural histroy of primary adenocarcinoma. Cystectomy should be the therapy of choice for the adenocarcinoma of the bladder. A partial resection is recommended for urachal carcinoma. Palliation is possible with cytotoxic agents. Irradiation seems to be of no beneficial effect on tumor growth.
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PMID:[Adenocarcinoma of the bladder (author's transl)]. 43 15

In animals with Brown--Pearce carcinoma electric stimulation of the hypothalamus makes it possible to model an increased corticosterone level in blood at early stages of the tumor growth, which conditions more active development of antitumor reactions and consequently an enhanced tumor resorption. The increased level of free corticosterone seems to be essential for "triggering" and an active mode of proceeding of antitumor immune reactions.
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PMID:[Effect of hypothalamic electrostimulation on the 11-hydroxy-corticosteroid content in the blood and on the immunological indices in rabbits with Brown-Pearce carcinoma]. 46 51

The chemotherapeutic activity of thymidine (dThd) was tested against four human tumor xenografts growing in nude mice, including a melanoma, an oat cell carcinoma of the lung, a colon carcinoma, and a breast carcinoma. Tumor-bearing mice were given an infusion of dThd (1 g/kg/day) s.c. for 72 hr each week for three weeks. Tumor growth in the treated mice was compared to that in randomized concurrent control mice infused with media alone. A significant effect was found only for the melanoma, and it was cytostatic rather than cytotoxic. Even when melanomas of very small initial volume were treated, there were no complete regressions, and tumor growth resumed when dThd treatment was stopped. In culture, sustained dThd concentrations of greater than 3.2 mM were required to cause death of the melanoma cells; in the mice the dThd level during infusion ranged from 1 to 5 mM. This exposure to dThd, although failing to produce a tumor response, did produce significant toxicity in the nude mice in the form of myelosuppression and leukopenia. Flow cytometric analysis of marrow cells during the dThd infusion showed an accumulation of cells in S phase, but proliferation was not completely halted since cells with G2-M content of DNA were present in the marrow even after 72 hr of dThd exposure. This study failed to demonstrate a therapeutically useful effect of dThd on these tumors.
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PMID:Activity of thymidine as a chemotherapeutic agent against human tumor xenografts in nude mice. 47 23

In the cells of RS-1 carcinoma and those of Iensen's sarcoma it has been stated that acceleration and inhibition of tumor growth induced by nonspecific influence (vitamin A, hydrocortisone, proserin) are accompanied by uniform morphological changes of intracellular structures. Therefore, it is possible to suggest that the changes observed reflect a certain cell adaptation to the altering environmental conditions (cell stress-reaction). The cell stress-reaction is presented morphologically and hence, can by systematized. An attempt of such systematization is suggested.
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PMID:[Stress-reaction of the cell. Changes in carcinoma RS-1 and Jensen sarcoma cells following administration of retinol acetate, hydrocortisone and proserine]. 56 70

Tumor-inhibitory effect of combined use of mitomycin-C and streptococcal preparation (OK-432) or yeast cell wall (YCW) was examined. Twenty-four hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of Ehrlich carcinoma cells, combination therapy was carried out and tumor growth was observed for 40 days. About one-half of mice treated with yeast cell wall at a single dose of 1 mg survived free of tumor. Mitomycin-C at a single dose of 2 microgram was not effective. However, in combination with yeast cell wall, tumor suppression was observed in 70% of the mice. This tumor-inhibitory effect was enhanced by subsequent treatment with OK-432 or yeast cell wall. When these materials were injected separately or in combination with mitomycin-C, the number of peritoneal exudate cells increased about 3 to 6 times after 3 days and these cells exhibited cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Hemagglutinating antibody to sheep erythrocytes was hardly affected by the combination therapy.
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PMID:Antitumor effect of combined use of OK-432 and yeast cell wall with mitomycin-C in mice. 59 Jun 87

A series of N-protected vinyl, 1,2-dihaloethyl, and cyanomethyl esters of phenylalanine was synthesized and these compounds were evaluated for antitumor activity against the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in CF1 male mice (33 mg/kg/day), Walker 256 carcinosarcoma in Sprague-Dawley male rats (2.5 mg/kg/day), and P388 lymphocytic leukemia in DBA/2 mice (20 mg/kg/day). Structure-activity relationships were evaluated and acute toxicity studies (LD50 determinations) in male CF1 mice were also carried out on selected compounds. Carbobenzoxy-L0phenylalanine vinyl ester (5), N-carbobenzoxy-L-phenylalanine 1,2-dibromoethyl ester (12), and N-carbobenzoxy-L-phenylalanine cyanomethyl ester (8) were found to be very potent inhibitors of Ehrlich ascites tumor growth at nontoxic doses cited above. Compounds 5 and 12 also tripled survival time in the Walker 256 system. LD50 values for compounds 5, 12, and 8 were greater than 2000 mg/kg (greater than 6.15 mmol/kg), 74 mg/kg (0.15 mmol/kg), and 150 mg/kg (0.44 mmol/kg), respectively.
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PMID:Antineoplastic agents. 1. N-Protected vinyl, 1,2-dihaloethyl, and cyanomethyl esters of phenylalanine. 59 22


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