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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Early-stage esophageal carcinomas are extremely difficult to detect because the patients have no complaints, and findings on the X-rays are nil. Lugol-combined endoscopy is the most effective method for detecting the presence of small carcinoma of the esophagus. This paper was, first, conducted on the diagnostic features of early-stage esophageal carcinoma, detected through the use of Lugol-combined endoscopy. As the prognosis of patients with esophageal carcinoma is related to many factors, we investigated the prognostic contribution of 15 discrete variables with multivariate analysis. The variables are resectability of the malignant lesion, DNA distribution pattern of the cancer cells, and postoperative complications. As the DNA pattern of cancer cells cannot be changed by surgeons, early detection and postoperative care play key roles in determining the survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma.
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PMID:Development of diagnosis and surgical treatment for patients with carcinoma of the esophagus. 230 Jul 31

The clinicopathological features of esophageal carcinoma were examined from the viewpoint of age differences in a study of 364 consecutively treated patients. The three groups studied were: group I, aged less than 49 years; group II, aged between 50 and 69 years; and group III, aged more than 70 years. There were no significant differences among the three groups with regard to sex ratio, site and length of the lesion, gross types, histological grade, depth of tumor invasion, vessel permeation, lymph node metastasis, TNM classification, incidence of incomplete resection, or crude actuarial 5-year survival curves. The malignant potentiality of the esophageal carcinoma in young patients did not differ from that in older patients in terms of deoxyribonucleic acid distribution pattern. The only difference clearly evident between young and older patients was the number of hospital deaths due to complications: That of the young patients was significantly lower than that of the older patients (p less than 0.05). Esophageal carcinoma in persons aged less than 50 years appeared to behave biologically like the same neoplasm in older people, whereas gastric and colorectal carcinomas behave differently in various age groups.
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PMID:Esophageal carcinoma in young patients. 230 51

The treatment of carcinoma of the cervical esophagus remains controversial. Eleven patients with carcinoma of the high cervical esophagus were encountered over the past 7 years at our institution. There were 6 men and 5 women whose ages ranged from 51 to 72 years. Six patients had tracheal or laryngeal invasion. In all instances one-stage pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy with pharyngogastric (6 patients) or pharyngocolic (5 patients) reconstruction was performed. There was one hospital death. Six patients died 6 to 35 months postoperatively: 1 from recurrence, 2 from generalized metastases, and 3 with both local recurrent and metastatic disease. One other patient died free of disease 6 weeks postoperatively of pneumonia. The remaining 3 patients are alive 12 to 84 months after operation with excellent rehabilitation and good quality of life. We conclude that one-stage surgical resection and reconstruction for high cervical carcinoma of the esophagus offers good palliation and possible long-term survival with acceptable operative risk.
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PMID:Surgery for high cervical esophageal carcinoma: experience with 11 patients. 232 55

The authors characterize signs of the spread of carcinoma of the esophagus to the neighboring and remote structures, which were revealed by computerized+ tomography. The value of the method in identifying the stage of esophageal carcinoma is discussed. It is shown that the complex of signs must be taken into account in determining growth of the tumor into the neighboring organs. It is concluded that computerized+ tomography helps in dividing the patients into 3 main groups: patients with curable tumors; inoperable patients; patients in whom the volume of the operative intervention can be determined only during the operation. Conduction of computerized+ tomography in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus before the operation is considered expedient.
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PMID:[The role of computerized tomography in preoperative evaluation of disseminated esophageal cancer]. 236 99

64 patients were operated on for carcinoma of the oesophagus during a five-year period (1/83 to 1/88) at the Department of Surgery of the University of Cologne; 95.3% of these suffered from squamous cell carcinoma. A preoperative CT of the thorax was performed in 38 patients, 13 of whom underwent abdominothoracic surgery and 25 blunt oesophagus dissections. The CT and plain diagnostic results were compared retrospectively and postoperatively with the intraoperative or histological findings. Three of seven oesophageal carcinomas of up to 2 cm size were not identified by CT. Infiltration of adjacent mediastinal structures by T3 carcinomas was detected in 16 of 22 cases with 3 false positive findings. In blunt oesophagus dissection the preoperatively diagnosed lymph node status agreed with the histological findings in more than 80% of the cases; a limitation, however, was the fact that only those lymph nodes could be assessed that clung to the resectate. In contrast, agreement was seen in only 7 of 13 cases (with 6 false negative findings) after abdominothoracic resection of oesophageal carcinomas. On the whole, there was agreement between preoperative and histological staging according to the TNM classification (UICC = in 50% of the cases, whereas in almost 40% (n = 15) the size or extension of the tumour growth had been underestimated preoperatively. Hence, the value of CT for the preoperative staging of oesophageal carcinoma is restricted.
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PMID:[The value of computed tomography for the staging of esophageal carcinoma]. 237 11

Experience in 88 Garlock-type operations carried out in carcinoma of the esophagus allows a certain opinion to be formed on the advantages and shortcomings of this surgical intervention. In esophageal carcinoma with its proximal boundary within the range of the retropericardial segment of the esophagus, a left abdominothoracic approach (Garlock's operation) is adequate in resection of the esophagus in conformity with the oncological principles and allows the formation of the esophagogastric anastomosis at the level of the arch of the aorta without particular technical difficulties. Reduction of the time needed for the operation, determination of the resectability of the esophageal tumor before mobilization of the stomach are obvious advantages of the abdominothoracic approach.
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PMID:[Garlock's operation in cancer of the esophagus]. 237 29

During the period 1978-1981 172 patients were referred to the Rotterdam Joint Group on Esophageal Carcinoma. Ninety-one patients were considered for combined therapy, comprising radiation therapy and surgery, and 10 patients refused surgery. The figures given in this material are actuarial survival values corrected for intercurrent death (the actuarial overall survival in parentheses). The 4-year survival in 69 patients who completed this treatment was 39 per cent (26%) (significantly better for women compared with men; significantly better for tumors less than 2 vertebrae compared with tumors greater than or equal to 2 vertebrae). The resectability rate was 85 per cent and the operation mortality rate 20 per cent. Thirty-eight patients had curative radiation therapy with a 4-year corrected survival of 5 per cent (3%). For palliative treatment, radiation therapy and endoscopic introduction of a Celestin tube were mostly used. The results of curative as well as of palliative treatment of esophageal carcinoma have shown improvement during the past decade compared with an earlier period.
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PMID:Therapy of esophageal carcinoma. Results from the Joint Group on Esophageal Carcinoma in Rotterdam. 242 77

Cancer of the esophagus still poses considerable treatment problems, with a poor 5-year survival rate after surgery, an even worse outlook after radiation and surgery, and a not very satisfactory response to chemotherapy. After several years of continued research, in 1983 we developed a Radio Frequency System with endotract electrode and thermosensors for administering hyperthermochemoradiotherapy to patients with carcinoma of the esophagus. Results in 129 patients are discussed. Immediate improvement of subjective complaints and decrease or elimination of the cancer lesion are so distinct that this treatment, by means of an endotract antenna, shows promise as a modality for esophageal lesions and may find application in diseases such as colorectal cancer or carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:Hyperthermochemoradiotherapy and esophageal carcinoma. 243 Mar 26

Carcinoma of the esophagus has a much higher incidence among patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck than among the population at large. Esophageal cancer has a low cure rate, and the possibility for increased survival can be enhanced primarily through early detection. Toluidine blue has proved to be effective in demonstrating early malignant lesions that would not be detectable otherwise. A technique has been developed for toluidine blue staining of the esophagus during panendoscopy. In this initial series of 18 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract, we found a 17% incidence of early carcinoma of the esophagus. We believe this technique to be an important adjunct to the evaluation of these patients at high risk for esophageal carcinoma.
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PMID:Toluidine blue staining of the esophagus. A useful adjunct in the panendoscopic evaluation of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 244 26

The purpose of the study reported in this article was to tabulate the incidence and etiologic factors of importance in the development of strictures after radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus and to analyze the outcome of patients who develop such strictures. Eighty patients were treated with radiotherapy, 50 having radical and 30 having palliative treatment. Sixty-nine patients had squamous cell carcinoma, four had adenocarcinoma, one had sarcoma, one had mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and five had undifferentiated tumors. Forty percent developed no stricture, 30% had benign fibrotic stricture, and 28% developed malignant stricture. The etiologic factors analysed included age, pretreatment swallowing score, histology and length (size) of tumor; stage of disease, dose of radiotherapy, and use of chemotherapy. None of these factors were shown to be of etiologic importance. The survival of patients who developed benign strictures was found to be significantly longer (1-year survival 88%) than those who developed no stricture (50%) or malignant stricture (19%). Using a "success score" for palliation of dysphagia, it was found that the majority of patients (71%) who developed a benign stricture had a moderately successful outcome--they were able to tolerate a full or soft diet and required dilatation with a median duration between dilatations of 5 months. Patients who developed a malignant stricture were palliated poorly by dilatation alone, and most required esophageal intubation.
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PMID:Swallowing performance after radiation therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus. 245 6


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