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Query: UMLS:C0007097 (carcinoma)
 152,788 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On the material of 144 cases of early gastric cancer its two main histological types are described: enterocellular and mucoidocellular (diffuse). Both these types are differed one from the other by trends of differentiation of tumor cells with the maintained covering function of the epithelium in intestinal carcinoma and the secretory function--in mucoid one. Intestinal cancer shows the structure of adenocarcinoma and is characterized by an expansive exophytic growth. Mucoid carcinoma produces fibrous bands, chains and free cell clusters and shows an endophytic, diffuse-infiltrative growth. In intestinal and mucoid type of cancer a stable (differentiated), progressive (actively proliferating) and regressive variants can be distinguished, the development of which is closely related with local immune reactions in the gastric wall.
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PMID:[Histological structure of early stomach cancer]. 625 37

Mucinous adenocarcinoma developing in a chronic anal fistula is a rare tumor of the anus of which there are less than 150 reported cases. There has been some debate as to whether the fistula is the source of the tumor, or whether the fistula is the presenting feature of a slow-growing, indolent carcinoma. Two recent cases seen at our hospital are presented, along with a review of the literature and what we feel to be strong evidence that the fistula and associated anal glands are indeed the source of this unusual tumor.
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PMID:Mucinous adenocarcinoma developing in chronic anal fistula: report of two cases and review of the literature. 627 16

Two cases are reported in young women of a variant of ovarian mucinous tumor with giant cell mural nodules. The first tumor was a predominantly proliferating mucinous tumor with a giant cell mural nodule adjacent to foci of haemorrhage and reactive vascular proliferation. No invasive carcinoma could be identified. In the second tumor, which was examined by electron microscopy, a sharp demarcation was observed between typical invasive mucinous carcinoma and areas which, on low-power examination, were indistinguishable from malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts. Closer examination revealed, in these latter areas, an intimate mixture of anaplastic, predominantly mononuclear tumor cells and multinucleate osteoclast-like giant cells. The histogenesis of these lesions is suggested as being reactive to the tumor cells or their products and is discussed with reference to similar tumors reported from the ovary and other sites in the body.
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PMID:Mucinous ovarian tumors with giant cell mural nodules. A report of two cases. 627 16

This paper is an immunohistological study of the occurrence of the oncofoetal antigens, (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), small intestine mucin antigen (SIMA), and normal large bowel mucin antigen (LIMA) in 60 surgically resected colons: 10 non-malignant specimens and 50 colorectal carcinomas. SIMA is a new oncofoetal antigen found in mucinous carcinoma of the large bowel. In the adult it is normally present only in the duodenum and jejunum. Of the 50 carcinoma specimens, 13 were mucinous, 17 non-mucinous and 20 mixed mucinous and non-mucinous. LIMA was the only antigen detected in the mucosa of non-malignant specimens. In mucinous carcinomas only SIMA was present, whilst in the non-mucinous specimens CEA was always found and to a lesser extent LIMA. The same relationship was observed in mixed tumours: SIMA in mucinous and CEA-LIMA in the non-mucinous parts. In the mucosa adjacent to the cancer in all 50 cases there was evidence of an increase or decrease in LIMA. In 42 cases (84%) both oncofoetal antigens (CEA and SIMA) could also be detected in this transitional or perineoplastic epithelium at varying distances from the tumour. These results provide evidence to suggest that the majority of large bowel carcinomas occur in areas of metaplastic change.
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PMID:The presence of oncofoetal antigens in large bowel carcinoma. 628 Jun 63

This is a retrospective review of 476 patients who had mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast during 1971-1980. There is a positive correlation of size of the primary tumor and the incidence of axillary nodal metastasis. Infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma had a significantly higher incidence of nodal metastasis (and greater change of having four or more positive nodes) than that of medullary and colloid carcinomas. Colloid carcinoma smaller than 4 cm and the less common histological subtypes (comedo, tubular, papillary carcinomas) rarely metastasizes. At a median follow-up time of 53 months, 23% of patients with infiltrating ductal, lobular, or medullary carcinomas and who did not have nodal metastasis had relapse, while 50% of those with nodal involvement had relapse. Among those who relapsed, 18% initially had only locoregional recurrence, 60% had distant metastasis, and 22% had both types.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the breast. I. Pathological finding and pattern of relapse. 630

Based on histopathological examination of 264 exocrine pancreatic tumours (167 autopsy and 97 surgical) from the files of the Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg, over a 15-yr period (1966-1980), a histogenetic classification is proposed. In addition to the more common neoplasms this also includes rarer and more recently defined entities. Of the 264 tumours, 250 were of duct origin, 10 acinar and four of uncertain histogenesis. Ductal adenocarcinoma, subdivided into a well-differentiated and a poorly-differentiated type, was most frequent (81.1%), followed by its variants: pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma 5.3%, adenosquamous carcinoma 3.8%, and mucinous carcinoma 1.1%. All these had a poor prognosis. Serous cystadenoma (1.1%), mucinous cystic tumour (1.5%) and intraductal papilloma (0.8%), which were rare tumours and mostly apparent in surgical material, proved to be benign or of only latent malignancy. The group of tumours of acinar cell origin consisted of the solid and cystic tumour (2.7%) with favourable prognosis and the acinar cell carcinoma (1.1%). No pancreatoblastoma was observed. The pleomorphic carcinomas of the small cell type (1.5%) were classed as tumours of uncertain histogenesis.
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PMID:Exocrine pancreatic tumours and their histological classification. A study based on 167 autopsy and 97 surgical cases. 631 14

Of 256 patients with carcinoma confined to the uterine corpus at the time of hysterectomy treated in the period 1959-1975 at Stanford University Hospital, 98 patients (38%) had neoplasms which demonstrated at least focal intracytoplasmic mucin. In 21 carcinomas (9%), intracytoplasmic mucin production was the dominant form of differentiation--a group which we designate primary mucinous carcinoma of the endometrium. Freedom from relapse and frequency of myometrial invasion were not statistically different for patients whose neoplasms contained intracytoplasmic mucin, regardless of the amount of mucin present, when compared with cases of nonmucin-containing carcinoma. Using histochemical methods, it was impossible reliably to distinguish between the intracytoplasmic mucin produced by carcinomas arising in endometrium and that produced by carcinomas primary in the endocervix. Differential biopsy and fractional curettage are stressed as useful tools in making this clinically important distinction. Since both benign mucinous metaplasia and mucinous carcinoma may arise in the endometrium, it is important to establish histopathologic criteria by which the malignant lesions may be recognized. The use of criteria illustrated in this paper (which include architectural complexity of proliferation, epithelial stratification, loss of epithelial polarity, and nuclear atypicality) resulted in the recognition of mucin producing proliferations which as a group manifest a 50% incidence of myometrial invasion.
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PMID:Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. A clinicopathologic and histochemical study. 631 81

This is a retrospective review of pathological findings of 462 patients who had mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast during 1971-1980. There is a positive correlation of size of the primary tumor and histological subtypes with the incidence of axillary nodal metastasis. Infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, although less likely than medullary or colloid carcinoma to be 4 cm or greater in size, had a significantly higher incidence of nodal metastasis (and greater chance of having four or more positive nodes). Colloid carcinoma smaller than 4 cm and the less common histological subtypes (comedo, tubular, and papillary carcinomas) rarely metastasizes. Considering only carcinoma of infiltrating ductal, lobular, and medullary types, there is a progressively worsening prognosis with increasing sizes and number of positive axillary lymph nodes. In our series, dividing tumors into three arbitrary subgroups either by size (less than or equal to 2 cm, 2-6 cm, greater than or equal to 6 cm) or number of positive nodes (0-3, 4-9, greater than or equal to 10) gave the most significant separation of prognosis.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the breast: III. Pathological finding and probability of relapse. 631 27

In contrast to earlier studies that suggested that colon carcinoma is unusually lethal in the young, 69 patients, ages 20 to 39 years, had a relatively good prognosis. Fifty-nine percent lived over 5 years after diagnosis, and 51% were cured. Furthermore, 67% were cured if they did not have distant spread of the carcinoma at the time of the initial operation. Neither age, sex, tumor size, location, mere presence of lymph node metastases, depth of tumor invasion, nor predisposing disease of the colon was a strong prognostic factor. Metastases to six or more lymph nodes and distant spread of the tumor at the time of initial surgery were ominous findings. Mucinous carcinoma was relatively frequent (28%) and was also an ominous feature (only 5 of 20 patients cured as opposed to 26 of 43 with classical adenocarcinoma).
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PMID:A potentially brighter prognosis for colon carcinoma in the third and fourth decades. 646 72

The material consisted of 44 primary carcinomas of the extrahepatic bile ducts. It was possible to investigate the border region in 15 specimens, 12 (80%) of which showed metaplastic changes. All of these specimens had dysplastic changes in superficial epithelium, often multifocal: mild dysplasia in 91% of cases, moderate in 82% and severe in 45%; and dysplastic changes in the lower glandular epithelium: mild dysplasia in 57% of cases, moderate in 57% and severe in 14%. Of the 44 carcinomas, 16 were papillary adenocarcinomas and 28 gland-forming adenocarcinomas. The material included no mucinous carcinoma nor adenosquamous carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. According to their degree of differentiation, the tumours were graded in three groups. The criteria were the same as in the study of carcinoma of the gallbladder (Laitio, manuscript). The luminal surface of the tumour was present in 31 cases. In 17 (54.8%) cases, the structure was intestinal containing goblet cells (group I). In 18 of the 31 cases dedifferentation was apparent in the deeper parts. In the superficial parts there was no anaplastic carcinoma (group III). The histochemical results was similar to that in the gallbladder. The morphologically normal epithelium contained sulphated mucin. The metaplastic and the tumorous areas contained mainly non-sulphated acid mucin and neutral mucin. These results show that the cancerogenesis was similar to that in the gallbladder. Dysplastic changes develop in metaplastic cells and become malignant. Often, the forming of the intestinal tumour structure, as it undergoes changes, finally attains an anaplastic structure.
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PMID:Carcinoma of extrahepatic bile ducts. A histopathologic study. 664 53


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