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Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Strumal carcinoid is an unusual form of monodermal ovarian teratoma with thyroid-like follicles admixed with typical carcinoid tumor patterns. We encountered a case of this neoplasm in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIA (Sipple's syndrome), including a medullary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed 24 years previously. During evaluation of bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas, a unilateral left ovarian strumal carcinoid was discovered. Subsequently, the patient had a parathyroid adenoma excised. The ovarian tumor was immunohistochemically reactive for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and serotonin, but did not stain for calcitonin. The follicular structures stained for thyroglobulin. This unusual case shows that ovarian strumal carcinoid, like carcinoid tumors at other sites, may arise in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia.
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PMID:Ovarian strumal carcinoid in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIA. 134 63

Bile duct adenomas are small nodules that are usually found incidentally on the liver surface at abdominal surgery or autopsy. We recently analyzed two such lesions that, in addition to the typical small caliber ducts, contained periductular nests and clusters of uniform round cells, suggestive of endocrine cell proliferation. Follow-up of these patients did not show endocrine tumors elsewhere. The lesions were studied by immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique) and compared with conventional bile duct adenomas (seven cases). The results showed these cells to decorate with several endocrine markers, namely, neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and Leu-7. Endocrine markers were not seen in the cells of conventional bile duct adenomas. Epithelial markers, that is, cytokeratin (CAM 5.2 antibody) and epithelial membrane antigen, were expressed by the cells composing both conventional bile duct adenomas and those with endocrine-like cells, although with less intensity in the endocrine cell clusters. We suggest that some bile duct adenomas contain endocrine cell proliferations that morphologically may resemble a small carcinoid tumor or the so-called pulmonary tumorlet. Neurosecretory granules have previously been identified in some cholangiocarcinomas and in bile duct proliferation associated with cholestasis. The endocrine clusters in biliary adenomas may constitute a diagnostic pitfall and must be separated from metastases of carcinoids or islet cell tumors.
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PMID:Bile duct adenomas with endocrine component. Immunohistochemical study and comparison with conventional bile duct adenomas. 137 Jan 91

In a 52-year-old Caucasian man osteopoikilosis had been misdiagnosed roentgenologically 2 years before his death. Gradually he developed Cushing's syndrome and ultimately superior vena caval obstruction. At autopsy a primary thymic carcinoid with extensive osteoblastic bone metastasis was found. Immunohistochemically the tumor was shown to be positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cytokeratin (KL1), neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, chromogranin and glucagon. Remarkably the tumour was negative for serotonin despite high urinary hydroxyindolacetic acid levels. Bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex was found. The adenohypophysis showed a considerable reduction of ACTH-producing cells and numerous Crooke's cells with a characteristic immunohistochemical pattern.
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PMID:Primary thymic carcinoid with Cushing's syndrome. 137 58

Progressive unilateral sensorineural deafness and tinnitus developed in a 59-year-old woman over a 1-year period. Clinical examination showed a tumor mass which almost completely filled the tympanic cavity, and grew around the auditory ossicular chain. Histological findings revealed the tumor to be a primary carcinoid of the middle ear. Neuro-endocrine differentiation was confirmed immunohistochemically by positivity for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, pancreatic polypeptide and synaptophysin. Using electron microscopy, neuroendocrine granules could be visualized. In addition, both light and electron microscopy revealed that cells had an epithelial differentiation with mucin granules while immunohistochemistry showed a positivity for cytokeratins. The detection of intermediary filaments (immunohistochemically with vimentin and under electron microscopy) was unique to this neoplasm and has to be considered in distinguishing the carcinoid tumor from the papillary adenoma of the middle ear. Tumor prognosis is excellent with radical extirpation from the middle ear. In the case presented, there has been no evidence for either recurrence or metastases 10 months after surgical resection.
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PMID:[Carcinoid of the middle ear: a rare tumor with biphasic differentiation. Case report with special reference to immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy]. 142 31

Carcinoid tumors constitute an uncommon source of metastatic lesions to the brain. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who initially sought treatment for proptosis 15 years before coming to our attention with a metastatic intracerebral left parietal carcinoid. The pathological features of the exenterated orbital mass were interpreted as undifferentiated carcinoma, and a lesion of the left lower lobe of the lung that had been removed 6 years earlier had been reported as metastatic malignant melanoma. The long duration between the initial diagnosis and the onset of neurological symptoms brought into question the original diagnosis, which, in retrospect, was most consistent with metastatic carcinoid. Staining for cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, and synaptophysin in the absence of staining for S-100 and HMB-45 supported the revised pathological diagnosis. Metastatic intracerebral carcinoid from an unrecognized bronchogenic source is a rare event, particularly after an orbital metastasis, but should be suspected when the clinical course is inconsistent with the more common causes of metastatic disease.
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PMID:Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the orbit and brain. 143 23

Thirty-three bronchial carcinoid tumours operated on in a 22-year period are reviewed. They were histologically verified as typical carcinoids with Grimelius' argryophilic staining (25 cases), electron microscopy (6) and immunostaining for synaptophysin (4). Nineteen were endobronchial and 14 peripheral, intraparenchymal tumours. Lymph-node metastases were present at operation in two patients. Two tumours, in patients with Cushing's syndrome, were hormonally active (one secreting ACTH and the other ACTH and calcitonin). There was one case of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, but none of carcinoid syndrome. During follow-up for 5-18 (mean 8.2) years five patients died of unrelated causes. Only one patient showed distant metastasis (after 15 years in salivary gland and a year later in mediastinal fat). Extensive clinical re-examination was performed on 20 patients, and six others were interviewed. All were well but one, who died of uterine cancer 8 weeks later. Typical bronchial carcinoid is concluded to be of low-grade malignancy and suitable for limited pulmonary resection.
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PMID:Bronchial carcinoid: a clinical follow-up study of 33 cases. 166 42

A primary carcinoid tumor of testis was studied. The tumor cells showed a strong positive reaction to argyrophil or argentaffin stainings, and neuroendocrine granules were identified by electron microscopy. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells expressed various markers such as those for NSE, synaptophysin, CG, Leu-7, 5-HT, HCG, cytokeratin, EMA, CEA and PACP, which indicated the special multiple directions of differentiation of cells possessing neuroendocrinal, epithelial or carcinoembryonic behavior.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical demonstration of neurohormonal polypeptides in primary carcinoid tumor of testis]. 171 56

Fifty-five neuroendocrine tumours and 6 adrenocortical tumours were examined immunohistochemically for the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin and synaptophysin. The results were compared with the staining patterns obtained with peanut lectin (PNA) using a streptavidin-biotin staining technique. In separate experiments, sections were preincubated with neuraminidase for the demonstration of masked PNA binding sites. Two of the 24 phaeochromocytomas, 1 of the 6 medullary carcinomas of the thyroid gland, 5 out of the 7 islet cell tumours of the pancreas and all 4 extra-adrenal paragangliomas were negative with PNA. When the sections were first incubated with neuraminidase all these tumours were positive with PNA. Six adrenocortical tumours and 7 neuroblastomas were examined and found to be negative with PNA with or without neuraminidase pre-treatment. Seven carcinoid tumours were examined and found to be positive with PNA only in tubular areas and negative in solid areas; pre-treatment with neuraminidase did not alter the staining pattern. Immunoreactivity for NSE was absent in only 1 of the neuroendocrine tumours. A higher proportion of neuroendocrine tumours was positive with anti-chromogranin than with anti-synaptophysin.
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PMID:Peanut lectin: a histochemical marker for phaeochromocytomas. 171 80

An ovarian strumal carcinoid which synthesized peptide hormones, but did not induce the carcinoid syndrome, was analysed histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Dot-immunobinding assays were performed in order to determine the endocrine gene expression. The amylase resistant colloid was found to be PAS-positive in the follicular portions of the tumour. Carcinoid cells showed Grimelius positive argyophilic granules in the subnuclear position. The Fontana-Masson argentaffin reaction was negative. Immunohistochemistry for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) revealed strong reactivity in the follicular areas of the carcinoid. The immunoreactivity for somatotropic release inhibiting factor (SRIF) was found positive in the trabecular portion of the carcinoid tumour, thyroglobulin in the follicles. Neuron-specific enolase, protein S-100 A/B, synaptophysin and chromogranin A evoked weak cytoplasmic immunostaining of the tumor cells. Dot-immunobinding assays substantiated these immunohistochemical results, except for the thermolabile protein S-100 A/B. Electron microscopy of tumor cells showed numerous electron-dense cytoplasmic granules, 250 to 350 nm in diameter, both in follicular and trabecular areas of the tumor. Plasma levels of tumor-associated ACTH, SRIF and thyroglobulin were measured by radioimmunoassay and were found to be within the normal range.
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PMID:Immunochemical and ultrastructural studies of an ovarian strumal carcinoid. 198 59

We report a case of metastatic thymic neoplasm occurring in a 62-year-old Caucasian man. The tumor was polymorphic, with intimately admixed carcinoid, sarcomatous and undifferentiated components. Sarcomatous cells were spindle-shaped and immunoreactive for vimentin, actin and desmin. Carcinoid cells reacted for cytokeratin as well as with a panel of general neuroendocrine markers, including chromogranins A and B, synaptophysin, protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, neuron specific enolase (NSE), Leu 7 and Grimelius' silver. The endocrine nature of the latter cells was confirmed by ultrastructural evidence of abundant electron-dense granules 100 to 300 nm in size. Among the various hormones investigated immunohistochemically only the alpha chain of human chorionic gonadotropin (alpha-hCG) was detected in tumor cells. The neoplasm recurred after surgical resection and caused a typical carcinoid syndrome with skin flushing and increased urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA). The diagnosis of multidirectional thymic carcinoma with two lines of differentiation, of carcinoid and sarcomatoid type, was made.
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PMID:Multidirectional carcinoma of the thymus with neuroendocrine and sarcomatoid components and carcinoid syndrome. 206 96


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