Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

50 carcinoid tumors of different locations in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts were examined histochemically for mucin production. Isolated discrete aggregates of mucosubstances were identified in a large number of cases (46% of all carcinoid tumors, ranging from 53 to 36% in different organ locations). Acidity and composition of mucosubstances (sulfomucin vs. sialomucin contents) in carcinoids were not different from those described in their corresponding locations. These data support numerous other observations that point to a common stem cell precursor for both enterochromaffin and mucus-secreting epithelial cells in gastrointestinal and respiratory tract mucosal membranes. A shared endodermal derivation is favored over a separate neuroectodermal origin for the chromaffin cell system.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumors with focal mucin production. 264 Aug 95

Mucinous cystomas of the ovary, according to a new proposed classification (I.A.P., Dublin 1988), are classified in three types: endocervical, intestinal and mixed. Their histogenesis is still controversial, thus requiring further investigations. There are two main theories on this matter: a teratomatous theory based on the assumption that the mucinous cystoma is allegedly a teratoma having a monophyletic development where only the endodermal gastrointestinal component remains. The second theory, currently the most widely accepted one, maintains that mucinous cystomas derive from Muller duct residues or, more generally, from introflections of the coelomic epithelial lining through a Muller-type metaplastic process. Some authors also accept both theories. A group of 117 mucinous cystomas were investigated by histochemical methods (PB/KOH/PAS; PAT/KOH/Bh/PAS), to demonstrate the presence of O-acetylated sialomucin variants in goblet cells of intestinal type component. Endocervical type mucinous cystomas have always presented as PB/KOH/PAS negative, whereas mixed type mucinous cystomas presented as positive according to the following percentage: benign forms, 31%; borderline, 67%; malignant, 50%. These data should confirm the hypothesis that intestinal type cystomas may derive from the surface coelomic epithelium of the ovary, through a gastrointestinal metaplastic process. This hypothesis is further supported by the data obtained from the observation on two cases of intestinal metaplasia of endocervical glands, kindly supplied by Dr. Trowell. In one of them, a weak O-acetylated sialomucin secretion was identified, in addition to the presence of argentaffin cells. Furthermore, out of 38 adenocarcinomas of the endometrium and 15 adenocarcinomas of the endocervix, one case of endocervical adenocarcinoma was found, characterized by a mucous secretion rich in O-acetylated sialomucins. Moreover, immunohistochemically, by means of anti-chromogranin A monoclonal antibodies, endocrine cells were found in benign, borderline and malignant mucinous cystomas of mixed type. These data do not seem to confirm the assumed correlation between neuroendocrine cell presence and biologic behaviour of the neoplasm nor do they clarify tumor histogenesis. Another immunohistochemical study with BD5 monoclonal antibody demonstrated that this marker was present in the intestinal type epithelium of mixed mucinous cystomas. The histogenetic teratomatous hypothesis of ovarian mucinous cystomas was confirmed by reviewing 100 ovarian teratomas, in which O-acetylated sialomucins were found in the epithelial component of one mucinous carcinoid and in the intestinal type epithelium of 9 mature cystic teratomas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Histogenetic considerations on mucinous cystomas of the ovary based on histochemical and immunohistochemical findings]. 269 22

Two murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 5G8 and 2H6 were generated by fusing spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with human fetal tissue extract (14 weeks, Nonidet P-40 membrane fraction) from the early first trimester, followed by a booster injection of a lung cancer cell line. The MAb 5G8 recognized antigens with a molecular weight of 90, 50, 20 kDa, was neuraminidase-resistant and showed cross-reactivity with both carcinoembryonic antigen and non-specific cross-reacting antigen. The MAb 2H6 reacted with a sialomucin whose molecular weight was more than 1000 kDa and was different from previously known tumor associated-marker antigens. The distribution of the MAb-recognizing antigens in various tissues was investigated immunohistochemically. In malignant epithelial tumors of the lung, acinar adenocarcinoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma were positive for both MAbs; papillary adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma were positive only for MAb 5G8; solid carcinoma with mucin formation, small cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma were positive only for MAb 2H6. The combination of the two MAbs covered almost all histological types of lung carcinomas (23 of 24 cases) except carcinoid tumors. MAbs 5G8 and 2H6 reacted also with a restricted number of adenocarcinomas of the other organs. MAb 5G8 did not react with normal fetal or adult tissues, except for metaplastic gastric mucosa, acinar cells of the breast and leucocytes, whereas MAb 2H6 reacted with the surface epithelium of the stomach and colon, the Brunner gland of the duodenum and uterine cervix as well as the epithelium of the fetal digestive tract. Thus, MAb 2H6 which recognized oncofetal sialomucin, played a complementary role to MAb 5G8 as a CEA-related MAb in the immunohistochemical diagnosis of lung carcinomas.
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PMID:Monoclonal-antibodies 5g8 and 2h6 are complementary immunohistochemical markers of lung carcinomas. 2155 44