Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal cancer has proved exceedingly resistant to chemotherapy efforts. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) accepted as standard treatment, has provided only infrequent and incomplete antitumor effects. Other drugs as the nitrosoureas BCNU and CCNU or Mitomycin C do not match the effectiveness of 5-FU. Improvement in frequency of tumor regression have been recorded for gastric carcinoma with combinations of 5-FU and BCNU and 5-FU, adriamycin and Mitomycin C and for colorectal carcinoma with combination of 5-FU, methyl-CCNU and vincristine. There are also suggestions that such combination chemotherapy may produce increased survival when compared to untreated patients. The combination of 5-FU and streptozotocin in carcinoid tumors or adriamycin in primary hepatoma may be of some effectiveness.
 ...
PMID:[Chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer (author's transl)]. 15 93

Although advanced gastrointestinal cancer is the most commonplace problem encountered by the medical oncologist, this group of diseases has proved exceedingly resistant to past chemotherapy efforts. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), accepted by some as standard treatment, had provided only infrequent, incomplete, and fleeting antitumor effects, which are probably more than counterbalanced by its gastrointestinal, mucocutaneous, and hematologic antihost effects. There is no evidence that any manipulation of route or schedule of administration provides any improvement in the therapeutic ratio of 5-FU. There is no evidence that this drug contributes to patient survival when used at any stage of any type of gastrointestinal carcinoma. The search for alternative single drugs to 5-FU has been disappointing. The nitrosoureas and Mitomycin C produce occasional regressions, but they do not match the meager effectiveness of 5-FU; and they, in addition, present the difficult problem of cumulative bone marrow suppression. Recent trials with combination regimens have given some indication that the long stalemate in chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer may be breaking. Substantial improvements in frequency of tumor regression have been recorded for gastric carcinoma with combinations of 5-FU and BCNU, 5-FU and methyl CCNU, and 5-FU, Mitomycin C, and cytosine arabinoside; for colorectal carcinoma, with the combination of 5-FU, methyl CCNU, and vincristine; and for carcinoid tumors and islet cell carcinomas, with the combination of 5-FU and Streptozotocin. There are also suggestion that such combination chemotherapy with response rates in the 30 to 50% range may produce increased survival when compared to the untreated patient and patients treated with single-drug regimens. While the accomplishments of chemotherapy for the gastrointestinal cancer patient remain less than spectacular there is nevertheless realistic hope that a respectable contribution can now be made to multidisciplinary efforts applied at a stage of disease with minimal tumor burden.
 ...
PMID:Clinical management of advanced gastrointestinal cancer. 16 61

Acromegaly secondary to the secretion of ectopic growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is rare. We have documented the presentation and unusual clinical course of a patient with a disseminated GHRH-secreting bronchial carcinoid tumour associated with acromegaly over a 17-year period. Recurrent widespread metastatic lesions have been treated over a 10-year period by repeated cycles of the nitrosourea CCNU and 5-fluorouracil with evidence of tumour regression and reduction of circulating growth hormone (GH) and urinary 5HIAA excretion. This cytotoxic regimen, which has been well tolerated, may prove valuable in the management of disseminated carcinoid tumours.
 ...
PMID:Successful treatment by chemotherapy for acromegaly associated with ectopic growth hormone releasing hormone secretion from a carcinoid tumour. 211 46

A pregnant woman in the 29th, week of gestation was admitted to the hospital with mediastinal pressure symptoms. A tentative diagnosis of lymphoma was made and the patient was given chemotherapy (vincristine, ciclophosphamide and adriamycin) plus radiotherapy, but no objective response was obtained. During the postoperative period (cesarean section) the patient developed clinical symptoms of muscular paralysis of unknown etiopathogenesis. Biopsy of a cervical lymph node showed histological pattern of tumor of the APUD system (chemodectoma). Multiple metastases appeared in the lungs, bones, brain, heart and ovaries in spite of treatment with various chemotherapeutic agents (vincristine, actinomycin D, CCNU and DTIC). Necropsy revealed the existence of a large tumor of the thymus gland, which histopathologic structure resembles to that of carcinoid. Ultrastructural examination showed abundant granules of neurosecretion confirming an APUD tumor. Cushing-like appearance of the patient was attributed "a posterior" to ACTH released by the tumor. A review ofthe clinical features, endocrine function and anatomical localizations of carcinoid tumors is included.
 ...
PMID:[Carcinoid tumor of the thymus gland with multiple metastases. Report of a case (author's transl)]. 625 95

Two cases of advanced (Stage III) carcinoid. tumors of the cervix are presented. Initial treatment in both cases consisted of combination chemotherapy (CCNU, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate) administered in the same regimen used in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Initial response in the first case was remarkable, but toxic side effects delayed further treatment. Local tumor progression followed resulting in bilateral complete ureteric obstruction. Radiation therapy was discontinued before an effective dose could be delivered, and the patient expired in uremic coma. In the second case, initial response to chemotherapy was not as effective, but radiation therapy seemed to produce local control of the disease. Review of the English literature produced 21 additional cases of carcinoid tumors of the cervix: eight Stage I, seven Stage II, four Stage III, and one Stage IV. No firm conclusions with regard to therapy could be drawn from such small numbers.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoid tumors of the uterine cervix: response to combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 681 31