Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve cases of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors, including eight carcinoids and four pancreatic islet cell tumors or their metastases, were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expression of different types of intermediate filament proteins. All of the tumors showed cytokeratin positivity in immunostaining, and the Western blotting technique revealed 45- and 52-kilodalton cytokeratins in carcinoid tumors. Three of the islet cell tumors, but none of the carcinoid tumors, showed, in addition, varying numbers of neurofilament-positive tumor cells when evaluated with rabbit and mouse monoclonal antineurofilament antibodies. The presence of only the 70-kilodalton neurofilament and cytokeratin polypeptides in an islet cell tumor was revealed also by using the Western blotting technique. On the other hand, both fetal and adult pancreatic islet cells showed only cytokeratin positivity. Neurofilament-positive epithelial cells were not found in normal small intestines either. The results show epithelial characteristics in normal gastrointestinal neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine tumors by their expression of cytokeratin. In addition, some islet cell tumors display the 70-kilodalton neurofilament protein which suggests the acquisition of a new type of intermediate filament during the neoplastic change.
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PMID:Varying expression of cytokeratin and neurofilaments in neuroendocrine tumors of human gastrointestinal tract. 258 Jan 21

The presence and distribution of cytokeratins, actin, neurofilament protein, neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, and different neuropeptides were studied immunohistochemically by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunoenzyme method or the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique in 10 patients with primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. In all cases of cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin, and neurofilament was identified. No staining was found after incubation with antibodies to S-100 protein, actin, and other tested neuropeptides. The cytoplasmic cytokeratin and neurofilament immunoreactivity was particularly strong in perinuclear areas, sometimes showing an annular pattern or displaying a discoid profile. The diagnosis of cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma may be reliably made by the immunocytochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase and intermediate filaments (cytokeratin, neurofilament protein) by conventional microscopy. Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma has morphological, immunological, and histogenetic similarities to carcinoid neoplasms of the gut. We favor the concept that cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma is derived from, or differentiates toward, dermal neuroendocrine cells.
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PMID:New immunocytochemical observations with diagnostic significance in cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. 608 25

Two cases of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma were studied by means of immunocytochemical methods using 41 kinds of antibodies. The tumors consisted of three histological types; carcinoid, ganglioneuroma and paraganglioma. Tumors of both cases exhibited immunoreactivity to at least one or as many as three of the following: calcitonin, calcitonin-gene related peptide, endocrine granule constituent, Leu7, neuropeptide Y and basic fibroblast growth factor. In addition, these tumors were also immunopositive for neuron specific enolase, S-100 protein, neurofilament protein, pancreatic polypeptide, chromogranin A, somatostatin, leuenkephalin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide, as has been described in previous reports. In one case, tumor cells were immunopositive for adrenocorticotropin, bombesin, gastrin releasing peptide, myelin basic protein, neuroendocrine marker and tyrosine hydroxylase. Moreover, paraganglioma cells of tumors showed both argyrophilia and argentaffinity. These results suggest that duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma may originate from embryonic neuroinsular complex.
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PMID:Two cases of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma: immunocytochemical characteristics. 882 94