Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bradykinin concentrations in peripheral venous blood were measured in seven patients with carcinoid syndrome. The diagnosis was based on typical symptoms and raised urinary excretion of 5-hydroxy-3-indole acetic acid; the carcinoid tumour was verified histologically. Two patients were flushing constantly and the other patients had flushing attacks two to 10 times daily. Several blood samples were taken at weekly intervals from six of seven patients. During 30 sampling procedures the patients were flushing during sampling in 12 instances. Bradykinin was measured by a sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay technique. Blood bradykinin concentration was normal in all patients. Bradykinin is unlikely to be the vasoactive mediator of flushing.
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PMID:Bradykinin in carcinoid syndrome. 342 66

Fourteen patients with malignant carcinoid tumors were treated with rDNA alfa 2b interferon by sc injection three times per week. Treatment was started at a dose of 2 milliunits/m2, with escalations to 3, 5, 7, and 10 milliunits/m2 at 2-week intervals depending on toxicity. No objective tumor regressions were seen, but five of 14 patients (36%) had 50% reduction in 24-hour 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion and six of nine (67%) with carcinoid syndrome had a good symptomatic response. Biochemical responses occurred during the first 8 weeks of treatment, and escalation of the dose of interferon did not increase the response rate. The rDNA alfa 2b interferon has activity in patients with the carcinoid syndrome and should be used at a low dose (2-3 milliunits/m2) until symptoms recur.
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PMID:Phase II trial of rDNA alfa 2b interferon in patients with malignant carcinoid tumor. 369 May 34

The first known case of a primary pure ovarian carcinoid in pregnancy occurred. Urinary 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid (5-HIAA) assays were negative despite elevated whole blood serotonin levels. Careful surgical staging and serial determinations of 5-HIAA and serotonin are recommended for detecting evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease.
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PMID:Ovarian carcinoid and pregnancy. A case report. 377 94

A 70-year-old man had frequent flushing attacks and a carcinoid tumour was verified histologically. The characteristics of his flushing reaction were typical of climacteric flushing and he had undergone orchiectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate 2 years ago. Laboratory studies indicated a normal production of serotonin and excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. A rapid and complete remission of the flushing attacks was obtained with oral diethylstilbesterol therapy. Thus, although the patient had a carcinoid tumour, he was having post-orchiectomy climateric flushing reactions.
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PMID:Climacteric flushing in a patient with carcinoid tumour. 397 40

Eighteen patients with metastatic carcinoid were treated by hepatic artery embolization with Gelfoam or polyvinyl alcohol foam for control of the carcinoid syndrome. Seventeen showed subjective or objective clinical improvement, including less skin flushing, diarrhea, and bronchospasm. Fourteen showed improvement in biochemical indices, including decreased urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels. The mean life span of the treated patients from the first episode of flushing to the time of this report was 5.4 years, and half of the patients are still alive. This survival time compares favorably with previous reports of survival of 3.2 years from the onset of flushing.
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PMID:Control of carcinoid syndrome with hepatic artery embolization. 400 62

A high content of substance P (124 ng/g wet tissue) was demonstrated by radioimmunoassay in lymph node metastases in a patient with bilateral ovarian carcinoid tumours. The plasma substance P level was elevated but urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was low. It is suggested that, in some carcinoid patients, an elevated plasma substance P level may help diagnosis and follow-up when urinary 5-HIAA is normal.
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PMID:Substance P in ovarian carcinoid. 615 65

After extraction with two organic solvent mixtures, urinary 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid can be assayed by "high-performance" liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column, with electrochemical detection. Compared to the nitrosonaphthol method (J. Biol. Chem. 216: 499, 1955), this method is more specific for detection of patients with carcinoid tumors.
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PMID:Liquid-chromatographic assay of urinary 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid, with electrochemical detection. 615 29

This clinicopathologic study includes 15 cases of carcinoid tumors of the eye and orbit. The patients ranged in age from 14 to 86 years (median, 53). No prediction for either gender was found. Seven tumors involved the orbit, seven the choroid, and one the iris. The primary site of origin of the carcinoid tumor was known in 12 cases: seven in the bronchus, one in the trachea, and four in the ileum. In three cases an orbital tumor was present but no other known primary neoplasm was clinically apparent. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 0 to 4 years. The urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were elevated in four of ten patients tested, each of whom had a known primary tumor and two of whom had clinical evidence of the carcinoid syndrome. Four main histologic patterns were recognized: pattern A (solid lobules or masses), pattern B (trabecular or cord-like), pattern C (tubular or rosette-like) and pattern D (mixed). The apparently primary carcinoid tumors and the orbital or ocular metastases were closely related by their histologic patterns, histochemical staining characteristics, and ultrastructural features.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumors of the eye and orbit: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases, with histochemical and electron microscopic observations. 617 23

We treated nine patients who had carcinoid tumors of the small intestine, six of whom had the carcinoid syndrome, with daily intramuscular doses of leukocyte interferon--3 X 10(6) U per day for one month and 6 X 10(6) U per day for another two months. Seven patients had previously been treated with streptozocin and fluorouracil, without benefit. Treatment with interferon ameliorated the manifestations of the carcinoid syndrome and led to prompt and continuing decreases in urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin subunits and pancreatic polypeptide in all six patients with liver metastases, but it had no clear effect in two of three patients with only lymph-node involvement. After the treatment period, five of the six responders had relapses in clinical manifestations and increases in hormone levels. We conclude that interferon is of benefit in treating metastatic small intestinal carcinoid tumors in patients with the carcinoid syndrome.
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PMID:Effects of leukocyte interferon on clinical symptoms and hormone levels in patients with mid-gut carcinoid tumors and carcinoid syndrome. 619 Dec 17

1-Nitroso-2-naphthol reacts with various 5-hydroxyindoles as well as para-substituted phenols and guaiacols. Consequently, this reaction has long been used to measure tyrosine in tyrosinosis and tyrosinemia, homovanillic acid in neuroblastoma, and 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid in the carcinoid tumor. We report here on the specificity of this reaction, as well as our early observations with respect to the chemical basis of the reaction.
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PMID:The chemical basis and specificity of the nitrosonaphthol reaction. 619 18


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