Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0007095 (carcinoid)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnosis of adenocarcinoid (mucinous/goblet cell carcinoid) is usually unexpected by both clinicians and pathologists. We report here the case of a 74-year-old man with gastric lymphoma (B-cell MALToma) diagnosed by endoscopy, who was found on exploratory laparotomy also to have extensive intraabdominal involvement by adenocarcinoid, arising from the ileum and/or appendix. The patient died two years after diagnosis with bladder outlet and small bowel obstruction due to diffuse metastases. In addition to mucin positivity, immunohistochemical stains demonstrated the tumor to be positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, serotonin, gastrin, and glucagon. Of histogenetic interest, some individual neoplastic cells appeared to be positive for both mucin and chromogranin, and this was confirmed by the electron microscopic finding of microvilli, intracytoplasmic mucin droplets, and neurosecretory granules involving the same neoplastic cells. This also appears to be the first reported case of adenocarcinoid associated with lymphoma and demonstration of histochemical/immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evidence of cellular components with dual mucinous adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine features, and the second reported case to have prostatic metastases.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoid of ileum and appendix, incidentally discovered during exploratory laparotomy for gastric MALT lymphoma, with subsequent diffuse prostatic metastases: report of a case with light, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies. 995 28

An 82-year-old man presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A polypoid lesion of the distal stomach with focal ulceration was seen at endoscopy. This was treated by a partial gastrectomy. The resected stomach contained two separate tumours near the pylorus: a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) and an adjacent lipoma. The literature includes case reports of synchronously occurring GIST and adenocarcinoma, GIST and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and GIST and carcinoid tumour. Herein is the first case report of two distinct mesenchymal tumors coexisting in the stomach.
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PMID:Synchronous epithelioid stromal tumour and lipoma in the stomach. 1281 3

For several anatomical localisations of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type (eMZBCL), an association with chronic inflammation caused by microbiological agents (e.g. Helicobacter pylori in the stomach) has been described. In the lung, a link between lymphomagenesis and a defined causative organism is still missing. A comprehensive diversity survey using 16S-rDNA library construction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree construction was employed for nine cases each of BALT lymphoma and control lung tissues (normal foetal lung, pneumonitis, carcinoid). This highly sensitive method, hereafter termed SHARP screening allowed for identification of the entire bacterial population in the tissue in a cultivation-independent manner. It was noteworthy that in eight of the nine cases of BALT lymphoma, bacteria of the Alcaligenaceae family (Alcaligenes, Achromobacter, AKIW733), were detected, whereas none of the control cases showed the presence of these clades. 16S-rDNA library construction in combination with RFLP screening and phylogenetic analyses, hereafter described as SHARP screening, is a cultivation-independent tool for analysing the microbial environment in chronic inflammation processes giving rise to extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of MALT-type. Betaproteobacteria of the Alcaligenaceae family may be affiliated with and possibly involved in the lymphomagenesis of BALT lymphomas.
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PMID:[The spectrum of microbiological agents causing pulmonary MALT-type lymphomas. A 16S rRNA-based analysis of microbial diversity]. 1885 98

Many diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract developed in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, thus the conditions unrelated to H. pylori are rare. Here, we described the therapeutic trends of diseases in H. pylori negative individuals. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is superior to H2 receptor antagonist in both gastroesohageal reflux disease (GERD) including reflux esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) whereas therapeutic gains of PPI treatment for NERD patients are lower than those reported in GERD because of heterogeneity of NERD pathophysiology. Endoscopic therapy for PPI refractory GERD patients remains to be established because there are few studies concerning the effectiveness or safety of the procedures. Main cause of H. pylori-negative ulcer diseases is the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). PPI therapy is effective for both the prevention and treatment of NSAIDs-induced peptic ulcer. Considerations that should be entertained as causes of intractable peptic ulcers include Zollinger-Ellison syndrome or Crohn's disease. Gastric cancer and carcinoid tumor should be treated with endoscopic or surgical resection regardless of H. pylori infection. As for the treatment for gastric H. pylori-negative MALT lymphoma, radiation therapy (RT) should be selected first, and next chemotherapy will be given to the patients who failed to RT.
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PMID:[Therapeutic trends of diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with negative H. pylori status]. 1999 28

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL, MALT lymphoma) and carcinoid are neoplasms occurring most frequently in the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. Although each of them occurs relatively frequently and separately, the simultaneous appearance of these two neoplasms is exceptionally rare, and only a few cases in the gastrointestinal tract have been described so far. We report a case of a 70-year-old female with the simultaneous presence of MALT lymphoma and tumorlet in the middle lobe of the right lung. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such a collision tumor at the same anatomical site.
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PMID:Coexistence of tumorlet and marginal zone B-cell lymphoma in the lung. 2018 28

In recent years, the synchronous occurrence of tumors of different histotypes arising in the same organ has been reported more frequently in the literature. In the stomach, adenocarcinoma has been described with coexisting primary rhabdomyosarcoma, carcinoid, and low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. The simultaneous development of adenocarcinoma and gastric mesenchymal tumor has been documented rarely. We report one such case. A 65-year-old male was diagnosed with a proximal gastric adenocarcinoma and underwent subtotal gastrectomy. Subsequent histopathological examination revealed the presence of another tumor at the gastric antrum. This was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of low risk category (GIST). The literature has only a few previous reports of this very rare association. It is not known whether this synchronicity is incidental or there is a causative factor inducing the development of tumors of different histotypes in the same organ. Pathologists, oncologists and surgeons should be aware of this interesting condition.
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PMID:Synchronous adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the stomach. 2061 20

Small intestinal neoplasms are rare, accounting for only 1-2% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. Variable neoplasms are recognized in the small intestine. Comparatively frequent malignant lesions are carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, malignant lymphoma, and GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor). The prognosis of small intestinal cancer is poor, because preoperative diagnosis is difficult and it is usually discovered at the advanced stage. In addition, it is thought that there are few small intestinal cancers of an adenoma origin, but dysplasia is considered to be associated with that complicated by Crohn's disease. The incidence of carcinoid tumor is lower in Japan than in Western countries. Although it is often discovered at the advanced stage, its prognosis is relatively good in spite of the high incidence of metastasis because of its low-grade malignancy. Among malignant lymphomas of the small intestine, the incidence of MALT lymphoma is lower, and those of T cell and follicular ones are higher than in the stomach. Lymphomas with minimal cellular atypia are often encountered, and in such cases biopsy diagnosis is difficult. The prognosis of small intestinal lymphoma is better than for small intestinal cancer. It must be recalled that multiple GIST occurs in specific disorders such as von Recklinghausen's disease and familial disease among small intestinal GIST, although very rarely. The prognosis of malignant small intestinal disease will improve through early diagnosis with the recent progress in the procedures for detecting small intestinal disease.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological features of small intestinal tumors]. 2071 65

Two-year experience of the Oncology.ru Pathology school showed typical errors in the morphological diagnosis of complex cancer diseases, which were made in 7-67% of the examined cases. Inaccuracies in formulating morphological conclusions were made in 5-71% of the examined cases. The highest frequency of erroneous answers (67%) was noted in vaginal myxoid fibroma. Errors were relatively less common (31-45%) while diagnosing carcinoma of the perspiratory and sebaceous glands, neurofibroma, and Abrikosov's tumor of the skin. The average frequency of erroneous answers was in the range of 12-21% in cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the esophagus, breast carcinoma in situ, placental hemangioma, vaginal botroid rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the skin. The least frequency (7-10%) of errors was recorded when gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors, urothelial cancer of the bladder, cylindroma, and melanoma of the skin, and gastric MALT lymphoma were diagnosed. Retrospective analysis of these errors can be a real impetus to self-education and have great benefits to improve specialists' professional skills. It is extremely necessary to use of various education forms, including informal trainings, for continuous professional improvement of pathologists.
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PMID:[Control of the quality of tissue morphological diagnosis from the results of the Oncology.ru Pathology school]. 2169 86

The author reviewed pathologic features of 37 cases of malignant lymphoma in the gastrointestinal organs in the last 10 years in our pathology laboratory. The current WHO classification was adopted. The 37 cases consisted of 20 males and 17 female, and the age ranged from 46 to 89 years with a median of 69 years. Of the 37 cases, 25 cases (68%) were gastric lymphomas, 6 cases (16%) were small intestinal lymphomas, and 6 cases (16%) were colon lymphomas. Of the 37 cases, 35 cases (95%) were B-cell neoplasms and 2 cases (5%) were T-cell neoplasms. In the 25 gastric lymphomas (male:female=14:11, age range 46-84 years, median 70 years) 11 cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, and 14 cases were extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (MALT lymphomas). The clinical endoscopic diagnosis was gastritis in 3, gastric ulcer in 3, gastric carcinoma in 7, carcinoid in 1, submucosal tumor in 1, malignant lymphoma in 2, and suspected MALT lymphoma in 8. In the 6 small intestinal lymphomas (male:female=2:4, age range 49-89 years, median 70 years), all cases were located in the ileum. Of the 6 cases, 4 were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 2 were peripheral T-cell lymphoma. One case showed multiple lymphomas, and one case was associated with rectal adenocarcinoma and one case with gastric MALT lymphoma. The clinical diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in 2, suspected lymphoma in 2, and ileal tumor in 2. In the 6 colon lymphomas (male:female=4:2, age range 69-86 years, median 74 years), 5 cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and one case was follicular lymphoma. Clinical endoscopic diagnosis was GIST in 1, colon carcinoma in 4, and colon polyp in 1. Cases of Hodgkin's disease, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma were not recognized in the present series. In summary, the author reported pathologic features of 37 cases of gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma in our laboratory in the last 10 years.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma: a pathologic study of 37 cases in a single Japanese institution. 2311 30

A collision tumor is one where histology shows the presence of two distinct primaries involving the same organ without intermixture of individual cell types, ie, a side by side pattern. Here we present three rare cases of collision tumors involving the stomach and transverse colon. There were two cases of collision tumors involving the stomach, one of which was a combination of adenocarcinoma and low-grade non-Hodgkin's (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma, and the other showed the presence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the entire stomach wall along with adenocarcinoma infiltrating the muscle layer. The third case comprised a mucinous adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumor in the large gut.
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PMID:Collision tumors in the gastrointestinal tract: a rare case series. 2375 28


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