Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006826 (cancer)
 1,092,456 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intratumor chemotherapy with the use of mitomycin C and/or immunotherapy caused regression of line 10 carcinomas in strain 2 guinea pigs and resulted in development of tumor-specific immunity. The immunotherapeutic preparation consisted of oil-in-water emulsions containing Mycobacterium cell walls or residues of cell walls termed cell wall skeletons. The latter preparations were combined with trehalose dimycolate, which was isolated by microparticulate chromatography from whole cells of mycobacteria. Reducing mitomycin C to a single intratumor injection of 50 microgram produced little necrotizing effect and a mean tumor regression rate of 17%. Intratumor immunotherapy 1 day after treatment with 50 microgram of mitomycin C resulted in regression of 90% of the treated tumors as compared to mean regression rates of 30 to 50% for immunotherapy alone. In addition, chemoimmunotherapy was more effective than either chemotherapy or immunotherapy alone in producing regression of relatively large, as well as smaller, tumors.
Cancer Res 1978 May
PMID:Intratumor chemoimmunotherapy with mitomycin C and components from mycobacteria in regression of line 10 tumors in guinea pigs. 20 61

N-Methyl-N-formylhydrazine (MFH) was administered in drinking water as a 0.0078% solution to randomly bred Syrian golden hamsters for life beginning at 6 weeks of age. The treatment gave rise to benign and malignant liver cell tumors, malignant histiocytomas and tumors of the gall bladder and bile ducts. The tumor incidence in these four treated tissues was 43, 34, 11,8%, while in untreated controls it was 0, 0, 0, 0%, respectively. Histopathologically, tumors were classified as benign hepatomas, liver cell carcinomas, malignant histiocytomas, adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the gall bladder, cholangiomas, and cholangiocarcinomas.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1979 Feb 19
PMID:Carcinogenic effects in the Syrian golden hamster of N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine of the false morel mushroom Gyromitra esculenta. 22 Feb 66

N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, and N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine were resistant to degradation in soil, sewage, and lake water. No degradation of these nitrosamines was observed in lake water during a 3.5-month period. A lag of nearly 30 days occurred before their slow disappearance from soil; they disappeared slowly from sewage, but a minimum of 50% remained after 14 days. The results with sewage and soil suggesta a microbial involvement in the slow decomposition of these nitrosamines.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Feb
PMID:Stability of nitrosamines in samples of lake water, soil, and sewage. 23 36

Four nitrosotrialkylureas were each fed to groups of 15 male and 15 female Sprague-Dawley rats for 50 weeks in drinking water at the same molar concentration. Tumors of nervous origin arose after treatment with nitrosotrimethylurea (3/30), notrosotriethylurea (7/30), nitrosomethyldiethylurea (23/30), and nitrosoethyldimethylurea (8/30). A comparison of the relative stabilities of the four nitrosoureas in aqueous solution at various pH's showed no correlation with the tumorigenicities of the compounds.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1975 Aug 08
PMID:Induction of neurogenic tumors by nitrosotrialkylureas in rats. 24 Feb 34

We have studied the utilization of free fatty acid and glucose by human leukemic blast cells. Palmitate was both incorporated into complex cellular lipids, primarily phospholipids and triglycerides, and oxidized to CO2. The predominant phospholipid synthesized was phosphatidylcholine. Only a small proportion of the incoming fatty acid was modified structurally before incorporation into lipid esters. After incubation with [1-14 C]palmitate, 91% of the radioactivity recovered in cell lipids remained in fatty acids containing 16 carbon atoms. Studies with labeled glucose revealed little de novo synthesis of fatty acid, and the majority of the radioactivity from glucose was located in the water-soluble fraction after saponification of the esters. We conclude that the free fatty acids contained in the extracellular fluid provide much of the fatty acid for required cellular lipid synthesis in human leukemic blast cells. Since there is little elongation of incoming palmitate before incorporation into cellular lipids, it may be possible to alter the fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids by changing the proportion of the various free fatty acids available to the leukemic cells.
Cancer Res 1977 May
PMID:Utilization of long-chain free fatty acids and glucose by human leukemic blast cells. 26 53

The occurrence of a granulocytic leukemia in 1 of 40 female strain 13/N guinea pigs given N-nitroso-N-butylurea continuously in their drinking water for 21 weeks is reported here. This leukemia has been successfully transplanted in this guinea pig strain for 13 transplant generations by i.p. inoculation of leukemic blood or marrow cells. Macroscopically and microscopically, this leukemia resembles the chronic myelogenous form in humans. Histochemical studies showed, however, that unlike the human leukemic cells those in the leukemic guinea pigs are alkaline phosphatase positive. Electron microscopic studies of the guinea pig leukemic cells revealed the presence of numerous intracisternal A-type particles that are not found in corresponding normal leukocytes.
Cancer Res 1978 Jan
PMID:Transplantable granulocytic leukemia in strain 13 guinea pigs. 27 Oct 42

N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was administered orally to male Wistar rats at a concentration of 83 microgram/ml in the drinking water for 2, 4, 5, and 7 months; the rats were killed at about month 15. Intestinal metaplasia was found in the stomachs of 80-100% of the rats treated with MNNG for 4 or more months, of 37.5% treated with MNNG for 2 months, and of 10% of the controls. Metaplastic glands, composed of goblet cells and columnar cells with striated borders, were found in the pyloric region. Paneth's cells were found at the bottom of metaplastic glands in a rat treated with MNNG for 4 months. The incidence of well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the stomach was 63-90% in rats treated with MNNG for 4 or more months and 25% in those treated with MNNG for 2 months.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Jul
PMID:Induction of intestinal metaplasia in the stomachs of rats by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 27 22

We are synthesizing and testing various 2-nitroimidazole analogs with different octanol/water partition coefficients for their radiosensitizing and cytototoxic properties. Our hypothesis is that, unlike the situation in vitro, lipophilicity will play a major role in determining the extent of radiosensitization of hypoxic tumour cells in vivo and also the degree of animal toxicity. The radiosensitivity testing involves determination of the surviving fraction of EMT6 tumour cells irradiated in vivo under different conditions following drug injection, and subsequent assay in vitro. Data obtained to date on eight 2-nitroimidazoles do not indicate any compound clearly superior to misonidazole (Ro-07-0582), although one or two are close and may prove better at the completion of testing. Cytotoxicity of the compounds is assayed by cell survival and histologically. Data obtained on the toxicity of misonidazole to the cells of EMT6 tumours suggest that a large proportion of the anoxic cells in these tumours are not near necrotic areas, but rather result from the temporary closure of blood vessels.
Br J Cancer Suppl 1978 Jun
PMID:In vivo evaluation of the radiosensitizing and cytotoxic properties of newly synthesized electron-affinic drugs. 27 29

A model of cellular radiation damage that involves dry electrons and holes is proposed and the implications of this model to hypoxic radiosenstization are discussed. The transport and reaction properties of dry charges in the structured water surrounding polar biomolecules are considered and a solvation time of 600 picoseconds in this medium is derived. Pre-solvation charge migration, attachment and recombination and the relevance of these processes to sensitization are discussed. DNA damage by physico-chemical interactions with dry holes is proposed and is shown to be modified by oxygen and other electron affinic sensitizers.
Br J Cancer Suppl 1978 Jun
PMID:Conjecture on the role of dry charges in radiosensitization. 27 38

A solution of 0.125% 1-hydrazinophthalazine hydrochloride, an antihypertensive drug widely used in humans, was given continuously in drinking water for the life-spans of randomly bred Swiss mice. Consumption of the chemical significantly increased the lung tumor incidence from 36 to 60% in females and from 26 to 46% in males, compared to controls. Histopathologically, the tumors were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Nov
PMID:Tumorigenic effect of 1-hydrazinophthalazine hydrochloride in mice. 28 Jul 18


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