Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006826 (cancer)
 1,092,456 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spleen cells of C57BL/6J mice bearing a poorly immunogenic syngeneic tumor T241 have been shown to suppress the mitogen-induced proliferative responses of normal spleen cells. However, no suppressive effect of these cells was observed on the generation of cytotoxic cells following immunization in vitro against H-2 histocompatibility antigens. The suppressor activity disappeared rapidly after the removal of the primary tumor. Spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice also suppressed the mitogen-induced stimulation of normal spleen cells of mice of different H-2 loci. Removal of phagocytic cells with carbonyl iron treatment had very little effect on the suppressor activity. Suppressor activity was enhanced following fractionation of cells through nylon wool columns. The suppressor population was found to resist anti-immunoglobulin serum and complement treatment, but treatment with anti-thymocyte serum and complement drastically reduced the suppressor activity. These results indicate that cells with suppressor activity have characteristics of T-lymphocytes.
Cancer Res 1979 Aug
PMID:Presence of suppressor cells in spleens of mice bearing a weakly immunogenic syngeneic tumor. 31 43

A prospective study was performed over 15 months to determine the cause of iron deficiency in adult males and postmenopausal females attending a general hospital. The laboratory computer identified all subjects with a haemoglobin less than 10.6 g/dl and a mean corpuscular volume less than 86 fl. Patients becoming anaemic after trauma or recent surgery were excluded. The iron status of each patient was assessed by serum iron studies, serum ferritin or sternal marrow aspiration. Reduced red cell indices and blood film morphology were not diagnostic of iron deficiency. Of 215 patients assessed, about half (103) were found to be iron replete. This group had a variety of disorders--malignancy, chronic inflammation, chronic renal and non-malignant haematological diseases. The other group of 104 patients satisfied criteria for iron deficiency, and 100 of these were investigated further. The cause of iron deficiency was found in all but three subjects. Inadequate dietary intake was a contributing factor in over half of the patients and 40 regularly took salicylates. Investigation defined a source of chronic gastrointestinal blood loss in most instances.
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PMID:Iron deficiency anaemia--a prospective study. 31 71

Several factors influence the induction of sarcomas at the site of iron carbohydrate complex injection in high dosage, in animals. 1. Species specificity: tumours have been induced in rats, mice and hamsters but not in guinea pigs or dogs; 2. dose-response: a threshold dose may be defined and the yield of tumours increases with the dose; 3. the amount of residual iron at the injection site: the effect is a local oncogenesis; 4. the latent period relative to life span in the species: the probable latent period in man has been estimated to be 15-20 years. Since iron-dextran was introduced 22 years ago, nine malignancies in man allegedly related to iron-complex injection have been described in five reports during the period 1960-1977. A critical review of the information available on these cases suggests that in one case only is the data sufficiencyl strong to support the probability of iron-dextran induced sarcoma in man. Soft tissue tumours of the buttock are not rare: on the basis of this single case a causal relationship in man cannot yet be made.
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PMID:Does sarcoma occur in man after intramuscular iron? 34 Dec 78

Six morphologic cell types comprise the human bronchial epithelium: basal cells that do not reach the bronchial lumen, neurosecretory cells (Kulchitsky's cells, K-cells, or small granule cells) that rarely reach the lumen, and indifferent cells, mucous cells [small mucous granule cells (SMGC) and mucous goblet cells], ciliated cells, and ciliated-mucous cells that do reach the lumen. Ciliated-mucous cells bearing fully developed cilia and containing mucous granules are seen only occasionally. Three of the cell types that reach the lumen are microvillus covered and do not bear cilia. The microvillus-covered nonciliated cells are: 1) neurosecretory cells, 2) indifferent cells, and 3) mucous cells. Neurosecretory cells contain characteristic dense core granules. Such cells rarely reach the lumen. Indifferent cells are rarely seen. They have a pale cytoplasm and show no evidence of either ciliary or mucous differentiation. Similar cells are observed showing early signs of either ciliary or mucous differentiation or even both types of differentiation in the same cell. Mucous cells comprise the vast majority of microvillus-covered cells. They present either as SMGC with a few small mucous granules or as goblet cells, filled with mucus. These columnar cells are characterized ultrastructurally by dense cytoplasm and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The microvilli are coated with a glycocalyx that binds colloidal iron more avidly than that of either cilia or microvilli of ciliated cells. Possible interrelationships between the different cell types in normal epithelium are discussed.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Aug
PMID:The respiratory epithelium. I. Human bronchus. 35 49

The normal female hamster respiratory epithelium at five airway levels was characterized with the use of coordinated morphologic and histochemical techniques. Five morphologic cell types were recognized in the trachea, stem bronchi, and primary bronchl: basal cells and neurosecretory cells that were basally located and did not reach the lumen and mucous cells [mucous goblet cells and small mucous granule cells (SMGC)], indifferent cells showing mucous-ciliary differentiation, and ciliated cells that reached the lumen. Two epithelial cell types were observed in the bronchioles, ciliated cells and nonciliated Clara cells, both of which reached the lumen. Mucous cells presented as either SMGC with a few small periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules (diastase-resistant neutral mucosubstances) or as goblet cells, filled with the same material. Mucous cells were columnar, and the cytoplasm was electron-dense and contained a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. The microvilli of the mucous cells were coated more thickly with colloidal iron than either the cilia or microvilli of ciliated cells. Approximately one-half the cells in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles were ciliated. Ciliated cells containing intracellular ciliated cysts with normal cilia projecting into a closed space or ciliated cells bearing compound cilia were observed infrequently. Neurosecretory cells were rarely observed. These cells contained characteristic dense-core granules.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Aug
PMID:The respiratory epithelium. II. Hamster trachea, bronchus, and bronchioles. 35 50

(1) Brief introduction to iron metabolism and the biochemistry of ferritin. (2) Early studies of circulating ferritin. (3) Methods for measuring serum ferritin concentrations -- immunoradiometric, radioimmuno- and enzyme-linked immuno assays based on liver or spleen ferritin -- an evaluation of these techniques. (4) Serum ferritin concentrations in normal subjects -- definition of normality -- relationship between storage iron and serum ferritin concentrations -- changes during development from birth to old age -- iron deficiency -- variability of serum ferritin concentration -- evaluation of use of ferritin assay for assessment of storage iron levels. (5) Serum ferritin concentrations in disease -- hemochromatosis -- secondary iron overload -- liver damage -- infection and chronic disease -- cancer. (6) Assay of serum ferritin with antibodies to ferritins other than liver or spleen -- ferritinemia and cancer. (7) Properties of serum ferritin -- molecular weight -- iron content -- isoelectric focusing patterns -- carbohydrate content -- immunological properties. (8) Physiology of circulating ferritin -- release of ferritin from tissues -- origin of circulating ferritin -- clearance from the plasma -- iron and protein turnover. (9) Summary -- factors influencing serum ferritin concentrations and clinical use of ferritin estimations.
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PMID:Serum ferritin. 37 39

The long-term mortality experience of 2861 men employed for at least one month in the period 1938 to 1967 in a gray iron foundry was examined to determine if they experienced unusual death rates for specific causes indicative of exposure to hazardous materials in the work environment. Both white and non-white workers experienced favorable mortality for most major disease categories compared to general population rates, even men employed five or more years. No deaths from pneumoconiosis were observed nor were deaths from other chronic respiratory diseases in excess. Analysis of detailed cancer sites showed no significant departures from expectation overall. However, in the subgroup of men who achieved five or more years employment prior to 1938, a twofold increase in mortality from digestive cancer (14 observed deaths vs. 7.4 expected) and respiratory cancer (8 observed deaths vs. 4.0 expected) was seen. Absence of information on specific foundry jobs held by the subjects and associated exposures limits full interpretation of the findings. However, the excess observed for respiratory cancer among long-term employees followed for 30 years is consistent with previous reports.
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PMID:Mortality patterns among workers in a gray iron foundry. 45 87

Quelamycin (triferric doxorubicin) is a derivative of Adriamycin with different pharmacologic properties. Our phase I clinical study of quelamycin includes 37 patients with a wide spectrum of solid tumors. The recommended dose in good-risk patients is 150 mg/m2, given as a 1-hour infusion every 3 weeks. The dose-limiting factor appears to be myelosuppression, especially leukopenia. Other toxic effects include gastrointestinal intolerance and alopecia. Chills and fever are commonly encountered and might be due to an excess of free iron in currently available preparations. Cardiotoxicity could not be properly assessed. An objective antitumor effect was seen in patients with lung, gastric, colon, and ovarian carcinomas as well as osteogenic sarcoma. Further preclinical and clinical studies with an improved pharmaceutic formulation of the drug are highly desirable.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 May
PMID:Early clinical trial with quelamycin. 45 31

A previous phase I study demonstrated excessive generalized toxicity (20 of 21 patients) and cardiotoxicity (eight of 21 patients) of single-day intermittent quelamycin (NSC-267703) treatment, and a modified schedule was recommended to overcome this acute toxicity. In the present study, 40 mg/m2 of quelamycin was administered iv on 2 or 3 consecutive days. This 2- or 3-day course was associated with a decrease in the incidence of general symptoms (five of nine patients) and a decrease in cardiotoxicity (none of nine patients). In addition, patients receiving multiple courses of quelamycin were evaluated. Clinical and pathologic findings supported the diagnosis of early hemochromatosis. In conclusion, quelaymcin administration was associated with acute and chronic iron-overloading toxicity. Acute iron toxicity was prevented by the administration of quelamycin at a dose of 40 mg/m2 iv on 3 consecutive days. On the other hand, hemochromatosis was an unexpected finding which requires further investigations before this drug is acceptable for broader studies.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 May
PMID:Iron toxicity studies of quelamycin. 45 32

One hundred consecutive patients with hemoglobin concentration less than 3.5 g/dL (hematocrit reading, less than 10%) were admitted to the University of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Iraq, during a 30-month period. Twenty-eight patients had aplastic anemia, 27 had leukemia or other hemopoietic malignancies, 16 had chronic renal failure, eight had iron-deficiency anemia, eight had hemolytic anemia, seven had thalassemia major, and six had other conditions. Twenty-three patients died within seven days of admission, mostly due to the underlying disease or complications thereof. Heart failure developed in ten patients, and five had retinal exudates and hemorrhages attributed to severe anemia. Arrhythmias and ECG abnormalities were noted in 20 of 68 patients. Blood transfusion was instituted in all but three patients, whose anemia was corrected with specific therapy without blood transfusion. The tolerance of the 100 patients to such severe anemia was remarkable.
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PMID:Severe anemia. Clinical observations in 100 patients with very low hemoglobin levels. 47 23


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