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Query: UMLS:C0006826 (cancer)
 1,092,456 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnosis of carcinoma primary in the mastoid bone is usually made while performing a mastoidectomy in an effort to control presumed chronic mastoiditis. The association of chronic infection, serosanguineous otorrhea, and severe otalgia, common warning signs of carcinoma of the middle ear or external auditory canal, may or may not be present with a carcinoma primary in the mastoid bone. If the amount of bony mastoid destruction seen by roentgenography is out of proportion to the degree of clinical infection, malignancy should be strongly suspected. The authors present a case of primary carcinoma of the mastoid bone, and review the diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the mastoid bone. 86 32

Metastatic carcinoma involving the temporal bone is an unusual occurrence. A review of the world literature reveals a total of 102 reported cases. Secondary cancers of the temporal bone arise most frequently from mammary, renal, and bronchogenic carcinomas, all of which show a tendency to metastasize to bone. The pathogenesis of spread to the temporal bone is most commonly by the hematogenous route, but extension from intracranial involvement has also been noted. The symptoms of facial nerve paralysis, otalgia, and aural discharge are consistently associated with patients found to have aural cancers. These symptoms are, however, most frequently indicative of mastoid infection; it is therefore, imperative to consider the possibility of a malignant neoplasm in patients with these symptoms.
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PMID:Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone. 96 3

Because supraglottic cancer usually is diagnosed late and metastasizes early, the cure rate is poorer than for glottic cancer. Supraglottic lesions can spread in any direction. The main method of diagnosis is either indirect or direct laryngoscopy, and the main symptoms are vague throat pain, otalgia, hemoptysis, hoarseness, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Roentgenographic examination is useful only as a supplement to other diagnostic measures. Staging of the disease is important in determining the most effective therapy and in predicting the results of treatment. Treatment should be individualized for each patient and should be selected on the basis of lesion size and site, the presence or absence of regional metastasis, the general health of the patient, and the likelihood of faithful follow-up.
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PMID:Symposium. ENT for nonspecialists. Supraglottic. 112 51

Twenty-two cases of early squamous cell carcinoma of the arytenoid cartilage staged as T1 according to the 1983 American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging Classification system were reviewed. Eighteen percent of the patients showed no symptoms. In the remaining 82%, the main presenting symptom was pain in the form of sore throat, odynophagia, or otalgia. Radiotherapy and partial laryngeal surgery were the options retained for the treatment of the larynx. A "watch and wait" policy or preventive treatment of the ipsilateral jugulocarotid lymph nodes were the treatment options retained for the neck. Significant differences were noted in terms of local and nodal recurrence between the two programs. Results indicate that partial laryngeal surgery with total arytenoidectomy and preventive treatment of the neck appear to be advisable for this particular type of primary lesion.
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PMID:T1 squamous cell carcinoma of the arytenoid. 149 55

Pneumocystis carinii is the opportunistic pathogen frequently causing pneumonitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Extrapulmonic manifestation of P carinii is unusual and is commonly associated with severe systemic illness, other immune deficiency status, malignancy, or immune suppression. We describe a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with manifestations of P carinii otitis media with severe otalgia and conductive hearing loss.
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PMID:Pneumocystis carinii infection in the middle ear. 155 46

The case series of a population-based case-control study of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in Torino, Italy, included 281 men with clinical and anamnestic data. Two hundred fifteen, 28, and 38 cancers originated from the endolarynx, epilarynx, and hypopharynx, respectively. Regions invaded by the tumor were divided into 26 subsites. A classification based on the number of invaded subsites was proposed, which agreed well with the T classification of the TNM system. Cancers originating from the hypopharynx invaded more subsites than cancers from the endolarynx, and among the latter, supraglottic were more invasive than glottic lesions. The number of invaded subsites was strongly associated with nodal involvement. Among symptoms at onset of disease and at diagnosis, patients with endolaryngeal lesions reported dysphonia and dyspnea more frequently, and patients with lesions from other regions had a higher prevalence of dysphagia, odynophagia, otalgia, and adenopathia. Clinical and epidemiologic results of this study suggest considering the endolarynx, epilarynx, and hypopharynx as separate anatomic entities. Diagnostic delay was not associated with tumor size and showed a negative trend with involvement of cervical lymph nodes, suggesting that stage at diagnosis is due to intrinsic differences in tumor aggressiveness.
Cancer 1990 Oct 15
PMID:Topographic classification, clinical characteristics, and diagnostic delay of cancer of the larynx/hypopharynx in Torino, Italy. 220 25

Extratemporal involvement of the seventh cranial nerve is often secondary to a tumor of the parotid gland. We describe six patients who had facial paralysis associated with an occult malignant neoplasm of the parotid gland. Initial evaluations in these patients, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, provided no evidence of a parotid tumor. Four of the six patients had a progressive triad of ear pain, facial paralysis, and sensory loss in the second and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve. This pattern indicates a high probability of a malignant lesion of the parotid gland, even in the presence of normal findings on noninvasive studies.
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PMID:Facial paralysis and occult parotid cancer. A characteristic syndrome. 282 6

In 19 evaluable cancer patients treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) Platidiam-Lachema containing chemotherapy the ototoxicity was assessed. There was an increase of hearing threshold of air-conduction in frequency of 6000 and 8000 Hz as compared with pretreatment audiograms in four patients (21%). In one case only the hearing loss was reversible. The usual hearing loss was of 10--15 dB and maximal of 20 dB. In those four patients with ototoxicity the decrease of creatinine clearence under 60 ml/min occurred at the same time. It is suggested that the altered renal function could be a cause of cis-DDP level rise in body liquids and in this way a cause of further more severe side effects. Neither subjective hearing loss nor tinnitus nor otalgia was found. The cis-DDP caused high frequency hearing loss but has not affected the correct speech percept. To avoid serious cis-DDP ototoxicity it is necessary to monitor renal functions and audiograms carefully and to administer cis-DDP slowly in chloride-containing vehicles after sufficient prehydratation.
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PMID:Ototoxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. 403 97

The incidence of De Quervain's thyroiditis is probably underestimated, since a radioiodine uptake study is not performed in all cases. An isolated cold nodule can reveal Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In other cases, the diagnosis is suggested by otalgia and positive tests for antimicrosomial antibodies. Surgery is often necessary because of the possible association with cancer ; the procedure should be extensive since spontaneously the outcome is often thyroid insufficiency.
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PMID:[Thyroiditis : diagnostic and therapeutic features (excluding Graves disease and myxedema) : 13 case-reports (author's transl)]. 627 Aug 14

Sixteen patients with a rare tumor, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) involving the external auditory canal, have been studied. Clinically, most patients complained of ear pain, often of several years duration. On physical examination, a mass or a nodule usually was identified in the ear canal. In most cases, treatment consisted of a wide surgical resection of the auditory canal and adjacent structures. Histologically, these neoplasms had the same appearance as ACC originating in salivary glands. In eight cases, the tumor was confined to the ear canal wall and unquestionably arose in this area, probably within the ceruminous glands. When incompletely excised, these lesions usually recurred locally. Nine patients had a total of 26 local recurrences. Most recurrences were found within two years of the preceding treatment, but the interval in some cases was long, ranging up to 14 years. Of the 16 patients, seven had no evidence of recurrence following surgical resection, two were living with recurrent, unresectable tumor, five had died of disease, one had died of other causes, and one was lost to follow-up. Some patients died of tumor after a prolonged clinical course with multiple recurrences. Death usually was caused by intracranial extension by the tumor, or by pulmonary metastases. Radiotherapy did not appear to cure the lesion, but probably resulted in palliation. An increased incidence of recurrent, unresectable tumor or of death from the neoplasm correlated with the following histologic features: demonstration of tumor on the lines of surgical excision, involvement of the parotid gland, extension into bone, perineural invasion and local recurrence of tumor.
Cancer 1982 Dec 15
PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma involving the external auditory canal. A clinicopathologic study of 16 cases. 629 44


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