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Query: UMLS:C0006826 (cancer)
 1,092,456 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A preliminary report on a histologic malignancy grading of vulvar carcinoma is presented. A retrospective histologic study of 40 vulvar carcinoma cases stage I and II (TNM-system) with a minimum five-year follow-up was carried out and correlated to the course of the disease. Morphologic criteria characterizing the tumor cell population, as well as the tumor-host relationship, were examined and scored. The scores obtained could be divided into three groups that correlated well with the clinical outcome. The low-score group had no metastases or recurrence, whereas 82% of the high-score group had both metastases and fatalities. Depth of invasion was found to have a strong correlation to clinical outcome. A more accurate morphologic malignancy grading of such carcinomas could lead to a more individual and often less radical treatment plan.
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PMID:Histologic malignancy grading in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. 3 84

Palliation of unresectable head and neck cancer remains a difficult problem. Because of excellent results reported by others with infusion of vinblastine, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil into the external carotid artery followed by irradiation before curative surgery, we applied this technic to 22 patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Fifteen patients from this group who had chemotherapy infusion followed by radiation therapy are compared with 21 patients who received radiation therapy alone. Both groups were similar in distribution of primary site, histology, and TNM stage. Of 15 patients, 14 (93%) had partial or complete tumor regression after both arterial chemotherapy infusion and irradiation, while 14 of 17 patients (82%) receiving primary irradiation had partial or complete response. Drug toxicity and complications related to infusion occurred in all patients. Most patients in both groups had short survivals (mean of 14.1 months in infusion chemotherapy and radiation vs 9.1 months in primary irradiation). One patient remains alive in the infusion group and two in the control group; however, all have recurrent disease. Results indicate a slight increase in survival time with the addition of infusionchemotherapy to irradiation in palliative treatment of head and heck cancer.
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PMID:Palliation of inoperable head and heck cancer: combined intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy and irradiation. 8 27

Sarcogenesis essentially follows two laws: The frequency of sarcoma is distributed according to the mesenchymal cell content in the different sections of the body. The sites of predilection are found within the same tissue systems in zones of increased growth activity and cell division. Clinical oncogenic statistics show that other factors apart from quantity of sarcogenic noxae and latent period are important in producing the malignancy. The synopsis of histology, X-ray findings and clinical examination is significant for diagnosis and for prognosis the degree of spread (TNM classification), localization and therapy. Early operation is still the most successful and most decisive therapeutic measure. The necessity for a supervised cancer follow-up is also shown in these tumors.
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PMID:[Bone sarcoma (author's transl)]. 10 74

At the ENT-Univ. Clinic Halle/Saale 1231 patients suffering from an histological verified cancer of the larynx have been observed over the last 33 years. The numbers of male cases have been trebled within the last 30 years. This trend could not be observed in women. The increase is connected with a remarcable concentration of the supraglottic localisation. Despite of intensive information of the population most of the patients only turn to our clinic in the stage II and III (TNM-system). Only in 9.9% of the cases their fate remained unknown.
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PMID:[Statistics on 1231 patients with cancer of the larynx 1940 to 1974 (author's transl)]. 14 35

Three hundred and five patients with oropharyngeal carcinomas received linear accelerator radiation therapy at the Stanford University Medical Center between 1956 and 1973. All were staged by the TNM system, using the UICC Classification of 1962. Actuarial five year survival for patients with tonsil cancers ranged from 50% to 18% for those with T1 and T3 lesions, respectively. Disease-free survival was higher than actuarial survival for patients with T1 and T2 lesions, reflecting an alteration of the latter curves by deaths from intercurrent diseases and second primary malignancies. Actuarial survival for patients with base of the tongue carcinomas was approximately 35% for those with T1 and T2 primary lesions and 22% for patients with T3 carcinomas. Considering all oropharyngeal sites of involvement together, clinically involved cervical lymph nodes were controlled by radiation therapy alone in 60 of 91 patients with N1 nodal involvement (67%), in twelve of 25 with N2 neck disease (48%) and in 46% of those patients with N3 involvement (34 of 74). Eighty-nine percent of patients whose lymph nodes were not controlled by radiation therapy alone also had uncontrolled primary cancers. Over 90% of the patients whole cervical lymph nodes were initially uninvolved remained free of late nodal metastases if at least the regional (first echelon) lymph nodes were included in the primary treatment fields. The results of a randomized trial which compared surgery and radiation therapy alone and the two modalities in combination for the treatment of a limited number of patients with advanced cancers of the oropharynx, supraglottic larynx and hypopharynx suggest that surgery alone is not the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the oropharynx. Results of megavoltage radiation therapy in 305 patients. 17 94

Cobaltotherapy was applied in 194 cases of bronchopulmonary cancer in the Oncologic Institute of Cluj-Napoca, during the 1967--1974 period. The mean survial was of 15 months, the results being influenced by the histologic type and locoregional extent apraised on the basis of the TNM classification proposed by the American Joint Committe for Cancer Staging and End Result Reporting. The mean survival after irradiation was of 9.7% and 5.1% at 3 and 5 years respectively. Standardization of the cases according to the TNM criteria showed the advanced stage of the patients referred for radiotherapy, proving a useful tool for establishing the prognosis and therapeutical indications. Next to the histological type and TNM category, the efficiency of radiotherapy is also influenced by the size and shape of the tumor, which conditions the irradiation technique. The central tumours or those of the upper lobes may be irradiated by small 150 cm2 beams and are the only ones that benefit by radical radiotherapy, the survival rate at 2 and 5 years being 12.3% and 7.6% respectively. In all the other cases the prognosis is more reserved, suggesting the necessity of associating chemotherapy or immunotherapy for improving the results.
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PMID:[Possibilities of cobalt therapy in bronchopulmonary cancer]. 19 24

Rosette forming cells (RFC) were evaluated in the peripheral blood of healthy persons, patients with lung cancer and chronic bronchitis. Simultaneously the levels of RFC in persons with and without radiation exposure were compared. Two types of rosettes were enumerated: 1) lymphocytes binding 1 or 2 sheep red blood cells (SRBC), 2) lymphocytes binding 3 or more SRBC. Then the sum of both types was calculated. The patients with lung cancer were divided according to the TNM classification and histological types. The relative and absolute numbers of RFC in 1 microliter of peripheral blood proved depressed capacity of peripheral T-lymphocytes to form rosettes not only in patients with cancer or chronic bronchitis but also in controls with radiation exposure. Furthermore, there was established that the control group with radiation exposure was not different from the patients with cancer or chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:E rosettes in the uranium miners with lung cancer. 23 8

Reference is made to the percent incidence of malignant tumours of the tongue and its increase. Several anatomical features of this form are described, with particular regard to the lymphatic pathways. Turning to questions of classification, attention is given to cancer of the soft and fixed parts of the tongue in the light of the clinical stages and TNM system (1973) with the aim of making statistical comparisons more uniform, especially those concerning the approach adopted and the results achieved by modern, interdisciplinary therapy.
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PMID:[Cancer of the tongue. Anatomopathological and clinical considerations]. 28 75

The current cancer literature is imprecise and confusing. This hampers the ability to draw meaningful conclusions regarding diagnosis and treatment. It is suggested that all future reporting of statistics contain the following features: (1) discussion of case selection criteria; (2) use of TNM system for case classification; (3) listing of minimal treatment details; (4) explanation for length of follow-up used; (5) standardized terms for evaluation (relating these to individual TNM classification); and (6) listing of all failures by standardized terms. It is proposed that editors of journals and organizers of meetings reject all papers that do not meet these criteria.
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PMID:Finding the missing information in cancer statistics. 32 18

A retrospective analysis of 1,826 cases (924 colon, 902 rectal) from ten institutions provided the basis of this study on the staging of cancer of the colon and rectum. The general rules of the American Joint Committee on the relationship between times and the staging of cancer have been followed. These represent modifications of the originally formulated TNM system of the Union Internationale Contre Le Cancer (UICC) which has been designed as a clinical-diagnostic classification, not applicable to cancer of inaccessible sites or structures requiring postsurgical treatment pathologic assessment of therapeutically removed specimens. Inadequacies of the clinical data requested for our study required adoption of the pTNM evaluation method of classification. Multiple regression analysis of the data demonstrated a relationship between survival and the following: depth of penetration (T), status of regional lymph nodes (N), and presence or absence of distant metastasis (M). This was similar for both sites. Basically, for the rectum it was in consonance with the original Dukes' classification (A, B, and C), and was remarkably applicable to the colon. The survival data for the two sites were so similar as to suggest the use of one set of pTNM categories not only for the postsurgical-treatment pathologic evaluation, but also for the stage grouping definitions. Strongly recommended for cancer of all sites is the development of General Oncology Data Forms to be included in the clinical charts and records of all patients with cancer.
Cancer 1979 Mar
PMID:Staging of cancer of the colon and cancer of the rectum. 42 37


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