Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

c-erbB-2 protein levels in tissue extracts and sera were determined in a retrospective analysis of 158 patients who underwent surgical resection of breast carcinoma by means of a sandwich enzyme immunometric assay (EIA) using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to the extracellular domain of the c-erbB-2 oncogene protein (ErbB-2). In the analysis of tissue extracts, 48 samples (30.3%) showed ErbB-2 levels exceeding 18.0 ng/mg protein (group A), while in 110 samples these levels were below 18.0 ng/mg protein (group B). Immunohistochemical examination of resected tissues using anti-c-erbB-2 antibody revealed positive staining in 93.8% (45/48) in group A and 13.6% (15/110) in group B (p < 0.00001). The proportion of patients who preoperatively showed a serum ErbB-2 value above 5.4 ng/ml was 52.1% (25/48) in group A and 10.0% (11/110) in group B (p < 0.00001). Thus, the level of ErbB-2 in tissue extracts was significantly associated with immunohistochemistry and ErbB-2 levels in preoperative sera. During follow-up, 48 patients (30.3%) developed recurrent disease: 17 in group A (35.4%) and 31 in group B (28.2%). From an ROC analysis based on the postoperative serum ErbB-2 levels in patients either with or without relapse, the cutoff value of serum ErbB-2 for tumor relapse was determined to be 6.5 ng/ml. The sensitivity of serum ErbB-2 in patients with relapsed breast cancer was 58.3% (21/36) overall, 84.6% (11/13) in group A and 43.5% (10/23) in group B. In the analysis of serum samples taken before relapse, 90.9% (10/11) of the subjects in group A and 26.7% (4/15) of those in group B were shown to be positive for serum ErbB-2. Serum ErbB-2 in group A was a more sensitive marker than other tumor markers such as CEA, CA15-3, and NCC-ST-439. Thus, the determination of ErbB-2 in tissue extracts of breast carcinoma may be useful for assessing c-erbB-2 protein expression in the primary tissue and indicates that serum ErbB-2 may be a sensitive marker for monitoring tumor relapse.
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PMID:Combined measurement of the c-erbB-2 protein in breast carcinoma tissues and sera is useful as a sensitive tumor marker for monitoring tumor relapse. 1095 6

The role of blood tumor markers in monitoring response in advanced breast cancer is established in endocrine therapy and standard chemotherapy. This study examines marker levels in patients receiving new chemotherapy regimens. Thirty patients were recruited into two multicenter trials in which docetaxel-based regimens were used in 15 patients. The other 15 received doxorubicin-based regimens. Biochemical response calculated from a score using CA15.3, CEA and ESR was compared with UICC response. Marker changes at 2, 4 and 5 months correlated with UICC response at 3, 4(1/2) and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.03). Eleven patients achieved both clinical/radiological and biochemical response at the end of treatment; markers had not yet returned to below cutoffs in seven, suggesting a possible advantage to continue chemotherapy. No patient showed a biochemical response whilst judged clinically/radiologically progressive. Nineteen patients had progressed either clinically/radiologically or biochemically at six months; of these, eight showed progression assessed earlier by markers so that a median of four cycles of chemotherapy could have been saved. Measurements of serum c-erbB2 showed a correlation with tissue c-erbB2 staining in the primary tumor (p < 0.003). Among the patients with positive tissue staining, sequential changes in serum c-erbB2 completely paralleled initial response.
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PMID:The role of blood tumor marker measurement (using a biochemical index score and c-erbB2) in directing chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer. 1101 94

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in 314 sera of breast cancer patients and in 58 sera of women without breast cancer. VEGF was determined using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique (ELISA) and the tumour markers TPA, CA 15-3 and CEA with an immunoluminometric assay (ILMA). The breast cancer patients were staged according to the TNM classification stages 0-IV (by UICC) in patient groups with a compatible prognosis. Median and range of each stage were investigated. The cut-off values (95th and 97.5th percentile of control group) of VEGF, TPA, CA15-3 and CEA were determined; sensitivities for each parameter and for all combinations of two parameters were investigated for these cut-offs and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. The differences between the control group and stages 0-3 were shown to be non-significant for CA 15-3 and CEA but significant for VEGF and TPA. Significant differences were found in stage 4 for VEGF and all three markers. The increase in sensitivity of VEGF from stage 0 to stage 3 and the decrease from stage 3 to stage 4 can be interpreted based on the role of VEGF in the angiogenesis. The quantification of VEGF could give additional information for selecting patients for systemic adjuvant therapy.
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PMID:Chemiluminometric determination of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in comparison with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in follow-up of breast cancer. 1103 85

The utility of serum KL-6 as a tumor marker for breast cancer was evaluated in this study. The sera from 146 patients with breast cancer, 13 with benign breast disease, and 108 healthy individuals were measured for KL-6 titer using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay method. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) titers were also tested in the same sera from the patients. The mean KL-6 titer of patients with primary breast cancer was 673 units/ml, which was significantly higher than that of benign and healthy individuals (P = 0.037 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The titer of patients with relapsed breast cancer was 1964 units/ml, which was also higher than that of primary cancer (P = 0.013). KL-6 titer was related to tumor stage, distant metastasis, and relapse site (P = 0.0053, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.0251, respectively). Using the cutoff value of 467 units/ml, the sensitivity of KL-6 was 31% for primary breast cancer (16% for stage I and 29% for stage II) and 73% for relapsed breast cancer (50% for local relapse and 89% for distant relapse). The specificity was 92%. The sensitivity of KL-6 was higher than that of CA15-3 and CEA. Combination of the three markers, followed by KL-6 and CEA, raised the sensitivity for primary breast cancer. Single use of KL-6 demonstrated a higher sensitivity than in each combination for relapsed breast cancer. In conclusion, serum KL-6 may be helpful for clinical use as a tumor marker for breast cancer, and it may play an important role, especially in the surveillance of disease relapse.
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PMID:Evaluation of serum KL-6, a mucin-like glycoprotein, as a tumor marker for breast cancer. 1105 Dec 58

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the value of a serum tumour marker panel in selecting from among the patients with equivocal chest X-ray (CXR) or liver echography (LE) those with thoracic or liver metastases respectively. Between January 1984 and December 1999, 467 (341 non-relapsed and 126 metastatic) breast cancer patients were followed-up postoperatively. Among the 126 metastatic patients 36 showed thoracic (19 patients) or liver (17 patients) metastases, alone or in conjunction with other organs as the first evidence of distant spread. We focused on this series of 377 patients including 341 non-relapsed plus 36 with liver or thoracic metastases. The patients were followed-up after mastectomy with serial determinations of a panel of CEA-TPA-CA15.3 tumour markers, bone scintigraphy, CXR and LE. Up to December 1999, equivocal CXR occurred in 23 (6.1%) patients of whom 11 (47.8%) developed thoracic metastases; 14 (3.7%) patients showed an equivocal LE of whom 5 developed liver metastases. In the 37 patients with equivocal CXR or equivocal LE prolonged clinical and imaging follow-up over 41 +/- 36 months (mean +/- SD, range 3-163) was used to ascertain the presence or absence of thoracic or liver metastases. In the 23 patients with equivocal CXR the negative and positive predictive values of the tumour marker panel to predict thoracic metastases were 92% and 100% respectively. In the 14 patients with equivocal LE the negative and positive predictive values of the tumour marker panel for prediction of liver metastases were 90% and 100% respectively. This study shows that in breast cancer patients the CEA-TPA-CA15.3 tumour marker panel has a high value for selecting those patients at high risk of developing clinically evident pulmonary or liver metastases from amongst those subjects with equivocal CXR or equivocal LE.
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PMID:The role of tumour markers in improving the accuracy of conventional chest X-ray and liver echography in the post-operative detection of thoracic and liver metastases from breast cancer. 1107 46

Sixteen cases of fibroadenomas with epithelial proliferative lesions (EP lesions) with histologic features resembling those of epithelial hyperplasia, sclerosing adenosis, and microglandular adenosis, and four cases of carcinomas in fibroadenomas (CA lesions) were studied histopathologically and immunohistochemically. The CA lesions included one intraductal carcinoma, two invasive ductal carcinomas, and one lobular carcinoma in situ. The histologic features of the EP lesions and CA lesions were fundamentally the same as those of carcinomas commonly observed in the mammary gland. Immunohistochemically, smooth muscle actin was useful in the detection of myoepithelial cells, particularly in EP lesions of the adenosis type (sclerosing adenosis or microglandular adenosis), and in distinguishing carcinoma. The differences between EP lesions and CA lesions of sites of immunoreactivity to CA15-3, CEA, and EMA were also helpful for differential diagnosis.
Breast Cancer 1994 Dec 30
PMID:Epithelial Proliferative Lesions and Carcinomas in Fibroadenomas of the Breast. 1109 21

A case of breast cancer that developed pituitary metastasis 22 years after mastectomy is reported. The pituitary metastasis was associated with hypopituitarism, impairment of the visual field and later diabetes insipidus. The serum levels of CA15-3 and NCC-ST-439, tumor markers of breast cancer, were increased, and CA15-3 (DF3) and NCC-ST-439 were demonstrated in the resected pituitary metastatic lesion immunohistochemically.
Breast Cancer 1996 Mar 29
PMID:A Case of Breast Cancer Metastatic to the Pituitary Gland. 1109 57

A case of apocrine carcinoma of the breast presenting as two cysts is reported. A 60-year-old woman had two soft, mobile, well-defined masses measuring 4 x 2.5 cm and 1.5 x2.5 cm in diameter in the lower-inner quadrant of the right breast. Tumor markers such as CEA, CA15-3, BCA225 and NCC-ST-439 were within normal limits. Mammography showed two oval radioopaque masses with microcalcificatin in the smaller one. Ultrasonography disclosed two cysts and papillary projection in the larger one. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed apocrine carcinoma of the breast. Excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of apocrine carcinoma with focal invasion. Modified radical mastectomy was performed. Pathological study showed that the tumor mainly proliferated in the cysts and the two cysts communicated with each other through an involved duct. There was no apocrine metaplasia in adjacent mammary gland. There were no metastatic lymph nodes. This case may be regarded as intraductal apocrine carcinoma developing two cysts with focal invasion.
Breast Cancer 1997 Oct 31
PMID:A Case of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast Presenting as Two Cysts. 1109 97

A case of breast cancer that metastasized to the head of the pancreas 6 yearsand 8 months after mastectomy is reported. The pancreas head metastasis was associated with general fatigue and obstructive jaundice. The serum levels of CEA, CA15-3 and NCC-ST-439, tumor markers of breast cancer, were within normal limits, but CA15-3 was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the resected metastatic lesion, in a manner similar to lobular carcinoma of the breast.
Breast Cancer 1999 Apr 25
PMID:A Case of Breast Cancer Metastatic to the Head of the Pancrea. 1109 5

BACKGROUND: False elevation of tumor marker levels (TM) has been encountered in some postsurgical breast cancer patients. METHODS: We investigated 33 postsurgical breast cancer patients whose TM (CEA, CA15-3, NCC-ST-439, or BCA225) measured every 3 months, showed elevation 3 times in a row in a 6-month period, and in whom metastases were not detected at theend of the 6-month period. Nine patients developed recurrence within 36 months of the end of the 6-month period and 24 patients did not develop recurrence for more than 36 months after the end of the 6-month period. RESULTS: Seven patients who stopped treatment with oral 5-FU or its derivatives because of severe nausea and appetite loss did not develop recurrence. Normalization of TM (CEA, NCC-ST-439, or BCA225) manifested within 3 months of the interruption of the medication. Six patients who showed simultaneous increase in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) and TM (CEA or BCA225) in the initial 6months did not develop recurrence. Three of 6 patients did not take any anti-cancer drugs. Correlation coefficiencies of sGPT with CEA in 4 patients were 0.467, 0.569, 0.738, and 0.910 and those of sGPT with BCA225 in 3 patients were 0.663, 0.826, and 0.840. CONCLUSION: A false-positive increase in CEA, NCC-ST-439 or BCA225 might be caused by treatment with oral 5-FU or its derivatives. CEA or BCA225 elevates false-positively in patients with high sGPT levels.
Breast Cancer 1999 Jul 25
PMID:Tumor Marker Levels Elevate False-Positively in Postsurgical Breast Cancer Patients with High sGPT Levels or with Receiving Oral 5-FU or Its Derivatives. 1109 13


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