UMLS:C0006142 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Molecularly targeted, customized therapies are designed based on the molecular portraits of cancer tissue. The efficacy of targeted therapy in individual patients depends on the contribution of single individual cancer cells within the context of their microenvironment. We have developed an in vitro model of human mammary epithelial-stromal cocultures to answer specific clinical questions related to breast cancer, to provide a tool with which to identify a signature in each breast tumor, and to identify the metabolic molecular targets of therapy in an attempt to optimize the efficacy of targeted therapy in each patient. Fifty-five human breast cancer samples were obtained through surgery. Epithelial and stromal cells were isolated from tissue specimens by differential centrifugation, and cryopreserved. Western blot analysis and RT-PCR were used to identify the tissue-specific expression patterns of cancer cells. Dose-response curves were constructed for the aromatase inhibitor formestane and for herceptin, and a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was done for combined treatment. We collected and cryopreserved, for future use, viable living cells from 55 breast tumor specimens from which we derived short-term cocultures. The presence of cytokeratins and vimentin was evaluated in 20 samples, and pHER2/neu and aromatase were evaluated in 4 cocultures. Formestane and herceptin had a cumulative growth-inhibitory effect on cocultures expressing epidermal growth factor receptors and aromatase. The in vitro model of human mammary epithelial-stromal cocultures reported herein can be used to examine, and to store, a patient's tumor-derived, living cells that retain the characteristics of the mother-tissue and respond, in vitro, to therapy.
...
PMID:In vitro expansion of human breast cancer epithelial and mesenchymal stromal cells: optimization of a coculture model for personalized therapy approaches. 1808 5

In our study we use nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), the naturally occurring lignan, to investigate whether it plays a role in the prevention and treatment of cancer by epigenetic modifications. The growth inhibitory effect of NDGA on human breast cancer cell lines was determined using the MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay). It substantially inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cell lines SKBR3 and MDA-MB-435 with an estimated IC50 of 31.09+/-1.6 and 38.8+/-2.1 micromol/l respectively, after 4 days incubation with different NDGA concentrations. The in-vivo anticancer activity of NDGA was evaluated by calculating the tumor growth inhibition value. NDGA substantially inhibited the growth of human breast carcinoma cells in both animal and cell-based models. We also found that a single treatment with NDGA reactivates methylation-silenced E-cadherin gene in vitro and in vivo, suggesting an intriguing concept that lignans may act as natural effective epigenetic modifiers in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
...
PMID:Nordihydroguaiaretic acid restores expression of silenced E-cadherin gene in human breast cancer cell lines and xenografts. 1841 15

Roots of Pfaffia paniculata have been well documented for multifarious therapeutic values and have also been used for cancer therapy in folk medicine. This study has been performed in a human breast tumor cell line, the MCF-7 cells. These are the most commonly used model of estrogen-positive breast cancer, and it has been originally established in 1973 at the Michigan Cancer Foundation from a pleural effusion taken from a woman with metastatic breast cancer. Butanolic extract of the roots of P. paniculata showed cytotoxic effect MCF-7 cell line, as determined with crystal violet assay, cellular death with acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, and cell proliferation with immunocytochemistry of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Subcellular alterations were evaluated by electron microscopy. Cells treated with butanolic extract showed degeneration of cytoplasmic components and profound morphological and nuclear alterations. The results show that this butanolic extract indeed presents cytotoxic substances, and its fractions merit further investigations.
...
PMID:Cytotoxic effects of butanolic extract from Pfaffia paniculata (Brazilian ginseng) on cultured human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. 1848 83

The imaging of tumor cells and tumor tissue samples is very important for cancer detection and therapy. We have taken advantages of fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSiNPs) coupled with a molecular recognition element that allows for effective in vitro and ex vivo imaging of tumor cells and tissues. In this study, we report on the targeting and imaging of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells using arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide-labeled FSiNPs. When linked with RGD peptide using the cyanogen bromide (CNBr) method, the FSiNPs exhibited high target binding to alphavbeta3 integrin receptor (ABIR)-positive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro. Further study regarding the ex vivo imaging of tumor tissue samples was also carried out by intravenously injecting RGD peptide-labeled FSiNPs into athymic nude mice bearing the MDA-MB-231 tumors. Tissue images demonstrated that the high integrin alphavbeta3 expression level of the MDA-MB-231 tumors was clearly visible due to the special targeting effects of the RGD peptide-labeled FSiNPs, and the tumor fluorescence reached maximum intensity at 1 h postinjection. Our results break new ground for using FSiNPs to optically image tumors, and may also broaden the applications of silica nanoparticles in biomedicine.
...
PMID:Imaging breast cancer cells and tissues using peptide-labeled fluorescent silica nanoparticles. 1857 69

This study investigated the reversal effect of isotetrandrine, an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Caulis mahoniae, on P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in human breast cancer doxorubicin-resistant (MCF-7/DOX) cells. RT-PCR assay and immunity histochemistry assay were used to determine the expression level of mdrl gene and P-gp in MCF-7/DOX cells to elucidate resistant character of MCF-7/DOX cells. The activity of isotetrandine to enhance doxorubicin cytotoxicity was tested using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyhthiazol)-2,5 -diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and was evaluated by the reversal fold (RF) values. Intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin was assessed by the determination of doxorubicin-associated fluorescence intensity. Effect of isotetrandrine on the expression level of P-gp in MCF-7/DOX cells was then determined by immunity histochemistry assay. The ability of isotetrandrine to inhibit P-gp function was evaluated by detecting the accumulation and efflux of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) with flow cytometry (FCM). Verapamil was employed as a comparative agent in whole experiment. The results indicated that MCF-7/DOX cells had phenotype of MDR and that the positive expression of P-gp was their resistant character. 10 microg x mL(-1) isotetrandrine could distinctly enhance cytotoxicity of DOX in MCF-7/DOX cells and reversal fold (RF) was significantly higher than that of verapamil (P < 0.05), but it hardly affected cytotoxicity of DOX in MCF-7 cells and the expression level of P-gp in MCF-7/DOX cells. The ability of isotetrandrine to inhibit P-gp function was reversible, because incubation of MCF-7/DOX cells with isotetrandrine caused a marked increase in uptake and a notable decrease in efflux of Rh123 and a marked increase of intracellular DOX concentrations. In conclusion, isotetrandrine exhibited potent effect on the reversal of P-gp-mediated MDR in vitro, suggesting that it might become a candidate of effective MDR reversing agent in cancer chemotherapy.
...
PMID:Reversal effect of isotetrandrine, an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Caulis Mahoniae, on P-glycoprotein-mediated doxorubicin-resistance in human breast cancer (MCF-7/DOX) cells. 1871 31

In vitro cytotoxicities were measured for ionic liquids (ILs) containing various cations and anions using the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line. We measured the cytotoxicities of ionic liquids containing the cations pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, or imidazolium with various alkyl chain lengths, and the anions bromide, bis(trifluoromethanesulfone)imide (Tf(2)N), trifluoromethylsulfonate (TfO), or nonafluoromethylsulfonate (NfO). Three new hydrophobic, task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs), namely, [MBCNPip](+)[Tf(2)N](-), [MPS(2)Pip](+)[Tf(2)N](-), and [MPS(2)Pyrro](+)[Tf(2)N](-) designed for metal-ion extraction were also evaluated. IC(50) values of the ionic liquids toward the MCF7 cells ranged from 8 microM to 44 mM. The toxicity depended significantly on the nature of the cations and anions, especially when the cations contained a long side chain. TSILs studied in this work were less toxic than the classical ILs.
...
PMID:In vitro cytotoxicities of ionic liquids: effect of cation rings, functional groups, and anions. 1882 29

Gateways to Clinical Trials are a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. The data in the following tables has been retrieved from the Clinical Trials Knowledge Area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com.This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABT-263, AC-2307, Aclidinium bromide, Adefovir dipivoxil, ADH-1, Agatolimod sodium, Alefacept, Aliskiren fumarate, Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, Anakinra, Apaziquone, Aprepitant, Aripiprazole, ASM-8, Atiprimod hydrochloride, AVE-0277, AVE-1642, AVE-8062, Axitinib, Azacitidine, AZD-0530; Bazedoxifene acetate, Bevacizumab, Bexarotene, BI-2536, Biphasic insulin aspart, BMS-387032, BMS-663513, Bortezomib, BQ-123, Brivanib alaninate, BSI-201; Caspofungin acetate, CDX-110, Cetuximab, Ciclesonide, CR-011, Cypher; Daptomycin, Darbepoetin alfa, Dasatinib, Decitabine, Deferasirox, Denosumab, Dexlansoprazole, Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride, DNA-Hsp65 vaccine, Dovitinib, Drotrecogin alfa (activated), DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hibvaccine, DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP-T, Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride; Ecogramostim, Elacytarabine, Emtricitabine, Endothelin, Entecavir, Eplivanserin fumarate, Escitalopram oxalate, Everolimus, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; Farletuzumab, Fesoterodine fumarate, Fibrin sealant (human), Fulvestrant; Gefitinib, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, Glufosfamide, GSK-1562902A; Hib-TT; Imatinib mesylate, IMC-11F8, Imidazoacridinone, IMP-321, INCB-18424, Indiplon, Indisulam, INNO-406, Irinotecan hydrochloride/Floxuridine, ITF-2357, Ixabepilone; KRN-951; Lasofoxifene tartrate; Lenalidomide, LGD-4665, Lonafarnib, Lubiprostone, Lumiliximab; MDX-1100, Melan-A/MART-1/gp100/IFN-alfa, Methyl-CDDO, Metreleptin, MLN-2704, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Na-ASP-2, Naproxcinod, Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate, NPI-2358; Oblimersen sodium, Odanacatib; Paclitaxel nanoparticles, PAN-811, Panobinostat, PBI-1402, PC-515, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Perillyl alcohol, Perphenazine 4-aminobutyrate, PeviPRO/breast cancer, PF-03814735, PHA-739358, Pimecrolimus, Plitidepsin, Posaconazole, Prasterone, Prasugrel, Pregabalin, Prucalopride, PRX-08066; rAAV2-TNFR:Fc, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Ranibizumab, rCD154-CLL, Retapamulin, RTS,S/SBAS2, rV-PSA-TRICOM/rF-PSA-TRICOM; SG-2000, Sinecatechins, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sorafenib, SP-1640, Strontium malonate, Succinobucol, Sunitinib malate; Taxus, Teduglutide, Telavancin hydrochloride, Telbivudine, Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, Tocilizumab; Ustekinumab; V-5 Immunitor, Voriconazole, Vorinostat; Xience V, XL-184, XL-647, XL-765; Y-39983, Zibotentan.
...
PMID:Gateways to clinical trials. 1898 83

We have recently reported micellar nanoparticles self-assembled from a biodegradable and amphiphilic copolymer poly{(N-methyldietheneamine sebacate)-co-[(cholesteryl oxocarbonylamido ethyl) methyl bis(ethylene) ammonium bromide] sebacate}, P(MDS-co-CES), which were able to deliver small molecular drugs and biomacromolecules such as genes and functional proteins individually or simultaneously into various types of cells. In this study, these cationic micellar nanoparticles were employed as carriers to co-deliver paclitaxel and Herceptin for achieving targeted delivery of paclitaxel to human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2/neu)-overexpressing human breast cancer cells, and enhanced cytotoxicity through synergistic activities. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles have an average size less than 120 nm and a zeta potential of about 60 mV. Herceptin was complexed onto the surface of the nanoparticles. The drug-loaded nanoparticle/Herceptin complexes remained stable under physiologically-simulating conditions with sizes at around 200 nm. The nanoparticles delivered Herceptin much more efficiently than BioPorter, a commercially available lipid-based protein carrier, and displayed a much higher anti-cancer effectiveness. Twice-repeated daily treatment with Herceptin showed significantly higher cytotoxicity especially in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells when compared to single treatment. Anti-cancer effects of this co-delivery system was investigated in human breast cancer cell lines with varying degrees of HER2 expression level, namely, MCF7, T47D and BT474. The co-delivery of Herceptin increased the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and this enhancement showed a dependency on their HER2 expression levels. Targeting ability of this co-delivery system was demonstrated through confocal images, which showed significantly higher cellular uptake in HER2-overexpressing BT474 cells as compared to HER2-negative HEK293 cells. This co-delivery system may have important clinical implications against HER2-overexpressing breast cancers.
...
PMID:The co-delivery of paclitaxel and Herceptin using cationic micellar nanoparticles. 1904 15

We characterized the biological functions of protocatechualdehyde (PA) isolated from the butanol extract of culture supernatant from Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20. Following butanol extraction, it was purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. PA was analyzed by Furier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gas chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). PA had potent antioxidant activity, as measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Antitumor activity against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay. PA treatment (0 approximately 150 muM) dose-dependently blocked apoptosis, as shown by improved cell viability and inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Our findings suggest that Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20, a lincomycin producer, also produces protocatechualdehyde.
...
PMID:Antitumor and antioxidant activity of protocatechualdehyde produced from Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20. 1909 26

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women between 40 and 55 years of age and is the second overall cause of death among women. Fortunately, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased in recent years due to an increased emphasis on early detection and more effective treatments. Despite early detection, conventional and chemotherapeutic methods of treatment, about 7% of women still died every year. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaf extracts as anti-cancer agent against human breast cancer in vitro using the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide[ and alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assays, respectively. In this experiment, human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells were treated with different doses of VA leaf extracts for 48 hours. Data obtained from the MTT assay showed that VA significantly ((P < 0.05) reduced the viability of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner upon 48 hours of exposure. Data generated from the comet assay also indicated a slight dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in MCF-7 cells associated with VA treatment. We observed a slight increase in comet tail-length, tail arm and tail moment, as well as in percentages of DNA cleavage at all doses tested, showing an evidence that VA-induced minimal genotoxic damage in MCF-7 cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that VA treatment moderately (P < 0.05) reduces cellular viability and induces minimal DNA damage in MCF-7 cells. These findings provide evidence that VA extracts represent a DNA-damaging anti-cancer agent against breast cancer and its mechanisms of action functions, at least in part, through minimal DNA damage and moderate toxicity in tumors cells.
...
PMID:Preclinical assessment of vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts as DNA damaging anti-cancer agent in the management of breast cancer. 1915 27

<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10