Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phosphorus-32, employed as the orthophosphate or polyphosphate, can reduce or relieve the pain of osteoblastic metastases without serious hematologic toxicity, especially if used as a single injection. Uptake of this beta-emitter by osteoblastic-reactive bone and possibly by tumor and other cells can lead to pain reduction and often to cell killing. Efficacy has been demonstrated for the treatment of pain in 84% of 322 breast cancer patients and 77% of 444 prostate cancer patients found in a review of the literature. These results match those of the newer radiopharmaceuticals currently under investigation.
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PMID:Phosphorus-32 radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of painful osseous metastases. 158 2

Management of bone pain in patients with multiple osseous metastases is a significant clinical problem. Phosphorus-32 has been used as systemic radioisotope therapy for the management of bone pain for over 40 years. However, significant hematological depression usually results and its use is limited. More recently, the bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals strontium-89, samarium-153-ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid, and rhenium-186-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate have all been used as palliative treatment for patients with clinically significant bone pain. Excellent clinical responses with acceptable hematological toxicity have been observed. The clinical results rival those of external beam radiation therapy, with fewer systemic and hematological side effects. Systemic radionuclide therapy is indicated in the management of patients with painful metastatic prostate cancer in bone as soon as they escape primary hormonal management. This therapy also should play a role in the management of many patients with advanced breast cancer metastatic to bone. The role of radionuclidic therapy in osseous metastases from other malignancies is still being investigated. These compounds also hold promise as primary therapy for tumors of osseous origin. Systemic radionuclide therapy of painful bony metastases will become common in nuclear medicine practice in the next decade.
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PMID:Radionuclide therapy of intractable bone pain: emphasis on strontium-89. 158 3

The possibility of increased risk for osteoporosis in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen was investigated. 26 patients aged 41-65 years without skeletal metastases were studied. All patients were treated with 20 mg/d tamoxifen for a mean time of 22 months. The data obtained by in vivo neutron activation analysis of the phosphorus content in hands, were supplemented with data obtained by single photon absorptiometry in the forearm and radiographic morphometry. Comparison of the data with that of age and sex matched normal controls showed that breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen are not prone to osteoporosis.
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PMID:New evidence that tamoxifen does not induce osteoporosis: a nuclear activation analysis and absorptiometry study. 161 21

The antitumor drug celiptium, or N2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium (NMHE), is an ellipticine derivative used in the treatment of breast cancer. Celiptium-induced dose-dependent renal toxicity in rats is characterized by tubular necrosis, tubulo-interstitial lesions and lipid overload in proximal tubular cells. Since biooxidative activation of celiptium occurs in kidney via highly electrophilic intermediates, we studied the effects of celiptium on rat renal cortex lipids in the context of lipid peroxidation damage. Female Wistar rats were injected with a single i.v. dose of 20 mg/kg celiptium and were killed on day 2, 4 or 8. Histochemical analysis of kidney sections detected Oil Red O (ORO)-positive deposits, whereas the same sections studied using Holczinger's copper rubeanic acid method showed free fatty acid (FFA) granules in renal tubular cells of celiptium-treated rats. Electron microscopy revealed large fatty droplets in proximal tubular cells. As creatinine clearance decreased on days 4 and 8, celiptium induced a significant increase in renal cortex FFA levels (6-fold increase over pretreatment values on day 8), whereas total glycerides increased 1.5 times. A 15% decrease in total phospholipids (PL) and a 50% decline in the mass of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were detected by lipid phosphorus assay. A 1.2-fold decrease in the unsaturation index of total PL was noted, with a significant decline in arachidonic acid (20:4). A 15% decrease in arachidonic content was observed in the fatty acid composition of PE. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of neutral lipids showed changes only in the FFA class. A great proportion of oleic (18:1) and linoleic (18:2) acids was found. Iodometric titration and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactivity detected respectively significant amounts of lipid hydroperoxides and TBA-reactive material in renal cortex lipid extracts on days 2, 4 and 8. The lipid-peroxidation process appeared to be involved in the pathogenesis of celiptium nephrotoxicity.
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PMID:Celiptium-induced nephrotoxicity and lipid peroxidation in rat renal cortex. 226 53

Combined analysis of both 1H and 31P NMR spectra of extracts of drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells enabled quantitative comparisons between the concentrations of major metabolites, as well as of their precursors. In resistant cells high energy phosphorus compounds, phosphocreatine and ATP, and also their precursors, creatine and ADP, were elevated compared to the sensitive cells. In phospholipid metabolism, the sensitive cells showed higher phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine concentrations than the resistant cells, but choline levels were similar. These results delineated the differences in control of metabolic pathways between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cells.
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PMID:Information from combined 1H and 31P NMR studies of cell extracts: differences in metabolism between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. 235 12

To assess the potential of in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy for breast cancer, hydrogen-1 and phosphorus-31 MR spectra of five malignant human breast tumors were compared with those of unaffected breast tissue. The water-to-fat ratio was high in the tumors (average, 2.2) but low in the unaffected tissue (average, 0.3). The P-31 spectrum of normal breast tissue showed low levels of phosphomonoesters (PMEs), inorganic phosphate, phosphodiesters (PDEs), and ATP. In addition, an intense phosphocreatine (PCr) signal was observed in breast tissue of young women: The relative intensities of the PCr and ATP signals had a mean value of 1.9. The tumor spectrum showed elevated levels of PMEs, Pi, and PDEs, while no PCr was seen (PCr/ATP less than 0.2). In two breast cancers treated with radiation therapy, resulting in a decrease of tumor volume of more than 50%, a similar change in the tumor P-31 spectrum was observed: An intense PCr signal developed (PCr/ATP = 1.1). Control experiments indicated that the appearance of PCr after radiation therapy was the result of a radiation-induced metabolic change in the tumor itself.
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PMID:Human breast cancer in vivo: H-1 and P-31 MR spectroscopy at 1.5 T. 284 30

A multiparametric biological study of 178 evaluable breast cancer patients was performed to evaluate the usefulness of individual parameters for the prediction, diagnosis and follow-up of bone metastasis (BM) as compared to physical tests. Serum and urinary calcium and phosphorus were of little discriminative value. The sensitivity and specificity for the urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (UHP/creat.) were respectively 75% and 81.4% versus 43.2% and 91.4% for the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in serum (BIE). During an average follow-up of 14.3 months for 51 patients with bone metastasis, variations in UHP-creat. and BIE correlated with clinical and physical findings; the best correlation was given by UHP/creat. Twenty patients who were initially free of bone metastasis were followed-up for a mean metastasis-free interval of 14 months; UHP/creat. predicted the appearance of bone metastasis in 50% of cases with a lead time of 5.5 months versus 40% and 8.5 months for BIE. Combined use of UHP/creat. and BIE gave a prediction rate of 70% and a mean lead time of 7 months, and this combination of markers thus merits consideration in the management of breast cancer patients.
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PMID:Value of urinary hydroxyproline and bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in the early detection and follow-up of bone metastasis in breast cancer patients. 341 85

The in vivo phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of Adriamycin (ADR)-sensitive murine mammary adenocarcinomas (17/A) and an ADR-resistant subline of this tumor which has been isolated in vivo (17/A/ADR) were compared both before and after i.v. administration of 12 mg/kg ADR. Significant differences between ADR-sensitive and -resistant tumors for the changes observed 1 day after treatment (prior to significant decreases in tumor size) included: the pH increased to greater than 7.3 in response to treatment (or pH remained elevated) in ADR-sensitive tumors only; the inorganic phosphate to nucleoside triphosphates peak height ratio decreased to less than 1 in response to treatment only in ADR-sensitive tumors; glycerophosphocholine to nucleoside triphosphates peak height ratio decreased in response to treatment in ADR-sensitive tumors only; and the phosphocholine to nucleoside triphosphates peak height ratio decreased in response to treatment in ADR-sensitive tumors only. These differences are evidence in support of the hypothesis that in vivo 31P-NMR provides response-specific markers of ADR sensitivity. Because 31P-NMR can be applied to humans, these differences may be of prognostic value in the clinical management of human breast cancer if they are present after treatment with lower, nontoxic doses of ADR.
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PMID:Response-specific adriamycin sensitivity markers provided by in vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in murine mammary adenocarcinomas. 358 Oct 77

The administration of radioactive phosphorus (P-32) for the treatment of pain in metastatic bone lesions from breast cancer shows palliative effects lasting three to nine months. The evolution of the disease is not modified.
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PMID:[Metabolic curietherapy with P-32 in bone metastases in breast cancer]. 616 83

Plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT), immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in patients affected by tumors of various organs: 22 breast, 41 lung, 23 kidney, 16 gastrointestinal tract, and 8 other types, iCT plasma level was elevated in 53.6% of patients with bronchogenic cancer, in 31.8% with breast cancer, in 65.3% with renal cancer, in 31.2% with gastrointestinal cancer, and in 62.5% with other tumors. Blood calcium level was increased in 6 patients suffering from lung cancer; iCT plasma level was increased in all but one of these subjects. iPTH plasma level, measured in 35 patients, was elevated only in one case, in which normo-calcemia was present. Our results demonstrate that plasma iCT is increased in a high percentage of cancer patients and that it is probably a good tumor marker. The simultaneous measurement of CEA increases the diagnostic probability of the individual marker. The incidence of laboratory findings suggestive of primary or ectopic hyperparathyroidism was very low in our series of patients.
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PMID:Plasma calcitonin and tumors. 686 40


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