Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human mammary tumor cytosol containing macromolecules which bound 3H-MPA (3H-medroxyprogesterone acetate or 1,2-3H-6 Alpha-methyl-17 alpha-acetoxy-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) and 3H-R5020 (6,7-3H-17,21-dimethyl-19-nor-pregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione) similarly with high affinity (Ka approximately equal to 2 nM-1) and specificity. The progestin-binding components had sedimentation coefficients of about 4S and 7S in sucrose gradients and had approximately the same number of binding sites for Ma and R5020 as revealed by gradient centrifugation and saturation analysis. Among the steroids tested, these components had the highest affinities for progestins and were probably progesterone receptors of human breast cancer. A 4S component of human serum bound 3H-R5020 but not 3H-MPA. With 3H-MPA and 3H-estradiol used as the tracers, the concentrations of progesterone and estrogen receptors have been determined in 236 human breast cancers by saturation analysis. Our results on the receptor content and response of 31 of these tumors to endocrine therapy suggest that progesterone receptor may be a better marker of a hormonally responsive breast cancer.
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PMID:Binding of medroxyprogesterone acetate in human breast cancer. 737 48

Systemic therapy, pain relief and the quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer patients with bone metastasis were described. QOL was measured using a "QOL questionnaire" developed by the Ministry of Welfare in Japan. It was proved objectively that QOL scores in the cases with bone metastasis were significantly low in terms of activity, physical psychological conditions. Chemoendocrine therapy, endocrine therapy and outpatient therapy showed a high QOL score. The cases with bone pain showed a low QOL scores. In the 45 cases whose first metastatic site was bone only, there were no differences between endocrine therapy and chemoendocrine therapy in the rate and period of response or the total QOL score. MPA showed a higher response rate and a higher pain relief rate than TAM. In the cases with bone metastasis but without severe visceral metastasis, MPA monotherapy showed an excellent response when the tumor was ER or PgR positive, or when there was a long disease-free interval of more than three years, or if there was no previous therapy. MPA monotherapy is a suitable firstline therapy in such cases. Radiation therapy was more effective for bone pain (response rate 96.3%), and it was also effective in cases in which systemic therapy was not.
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PMID:[Systemic therapy, pain relief and quality of life of breast cancer patients with bone metastasis]. 774 85

In a randomised study, 218 patients with advanced breast cancer, resistant to hormone therapy, received either doxorubicin 20 mg every week (Awkly) alone or Awkly combined with high doses (1000 mg daily) of oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (HD-MPA). Of the 210 evaluable patients, the response rates were 26% [95% confidence interval (CI) 18-34%] for Awkly and 38% (95% CI 29-47%) for Awkly + HD-MPA (P = 0.08). There was no significant difference with regard to duration of response. Median survival was 11 months in both groups. Considerable toxicity was seen from HD-MPA, particularly weight gain and fluid retention. The present study provides evidence that, in concordance with preclinical studies and a previous randomised study, interaction between chemotherapy and HD-MPA may exist in breast cancer normally resistant to hormone therapy. For further studies, other gestagens and/or a dose reduction could be investigated.
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PMID:Weekly doxorubicin with or without high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate in hormone-resistant advanced breast cancer. A randomised study. The Norwegian Breast Cancer Group. 788 Jun 4

We reported a case of successful treatment of disseminated breast cancer with epirubicin (EPI), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and medroxyprogesterone (MPA). The patient was a 49-year-old female with bone and liver metastasis developed 5 years after surgery. The primary tumor was ER-positive, and she had been treated previously with adjuvant therapy using UFT and tamoxifen. The treatment consisted of 3 cycles of thrice-weekly EPI (40mg), 5-FU (500mg) and CPA (500mg). The patient was then treated with a weekly schedule of EPI (10mg), 5-FU (50mg/day), CPA (50mg/day) and MPA (400mg/day). After 2 years, her bone and liver metastasis showed remarkable remission (PR). No side effects of this chemotherapy were observed. In the search for palliative treatments which have a minimal impact on normal lifestyle, low toxicity is important. PR was continued for 2 years, and the patient enjoyed a favorable quality of life. This low dose-weekly approach was very well tolerated, yet was effective.
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PMID:[A case of metastatic breast cancer successfully treated with weekly low-dose epirubicin (EPI), cyclophosphamide (CPA), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and medroxyprogesterone (MPA)]. 794

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of second and third line hormone therapy for postmenopausal (spontaneous or surgical) women with metastatic tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer, 293 women aged 36 to 91 (mean 63.6) were divided into two groups submitted to a multicenter study of two treatment schedules: a) Aminoglutethimide (AG; 500 mg daily plus hydrocortisone 40 mg daily); b) Medroxyprogesterone (MPA; 1,000 mg daily per os). Of the 293 patients receiving second line hormone therapy, only 161 were available for third line treatment. In phase 1, 153 patients were treated with AG: 36% had objective responses (complete or partial); of 140 patient receiving MPA, 33% had objective responses (p = 0.045, significant). In the AG-treated group, duration of response was 11.3 +/- 8.4 months as against 8.3 +/- 5.6 months in the MPA group (p = 0.07, significant). In phase 2, 87 women previously treated with MPA received AG, and 74 previously AG-treated patients were given MPA. There were no significant differences in the results obtained. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in the results obtained by AG and MPA treatment as far as toxicity and survival was concerned but there was a statistically significant advantage for AG as second and third line management both as to objective responses and mean time until renewed progression of the disease.
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PMID:[2d and 3d line hormonal therapy in postmenopausal metastatic breast tumor. Comparison of medroxyprogesterone acetate and aminoglutethimide in tamoxifen-resistant patients]. 795 56

This paper presents a case with lung metastases from breast cancer. Complete response was obtained by combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA. The patient was a 62-year-old female. She underwent a standard radical mastectomy in April, 1988. The primary legion was ER (-) and PgR (-). Postoperative treatments using CMF and CAF were eventually discontinued owing to profound damage to the bone marrow. An adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT has been employed since. Two years and 7 months later, hemosputum and coughing appeared, and metastases to the lung were revealed. Combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA was undertaken. A significant decrease in tumor size was observed 3 months after the chemoendocrine therapy was begun, and complete response was obtained at the 8th month. The state has been maintained for one year and 9 months. The use of combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA in patients for whom intensive chemotherapy is not possible due to damage to bone marrow function is considered effective for its antitumor effects or maintaining patients' quality of life.
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PMID:[A case of complete response of breast cancer with pulmonary metastases to combination therapy of 5'-DFUR and MPA]. 797 28

A 53-year-old female with peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer was treated with hyperthermia with chemotherapy. One course consisted of THP 60 mg and FT 400 mg/iv (day 1), CPM 100 mg and MPA 800 mg/daily/po) with RF heating of hyperthermia monthly. After completion of 10 courses of this regimen, ascites completely disappeared and peritoneal metastases were not found observed in any peritoneal cavity with abdominal CT and ultrasound. Peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer was one of the worst reactions with any therapy. The patient has been living for about four years without any signs of recurrence, with the tumor markers within the normal range after surgery. Thermochemotherapy seems a very promising treatment modality for peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer successfully treated by multidisciplinary therapy with hyperthermia therapy]. 800 23

A 56-year-old woman was referred to Shizuoka General Hospital on April 17, 1992, because of progressive jaundice and massive pleural effusion. A thorough work-up revealed the diagnosis of advanced left breast cancer complicated with direct invasion of the thoracic wall, pleural carcinomatosis, multiple liver and bone metastases and obstructive jaundice due to the hilar mass. From a prognostic point of view, we scheduled the treatment course as follows. First, we treated the chief complaints. After emergency drainage and chemo-adhesive therapy of the pleural lesion, percutaneous biliary drainage and radiotherapy were done for obstructive jaundice, followed by internal drainage with self-expandable metallic stents. For the primary cancer of the left breast, standard mastectomy was performed following 57 Gy of radiotherapy. MPA was also administered because estrogen-receptor was positive on the histological examination of the resected specimen. To complete the multi-disciplinary treatment, we implanted a vascular access percutaneously via the left femoral artery and started intermittent hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy on an outpatient basis. The patient was discharged on the 123rd hospital day and is well and active without any symptom 9 months thereafter.
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PMID:[Advanced breast cancer with onset of multi-organ metastases successfully treated with combined loco-regional therapies: a case report]. 837 52

Combination oral contraceptive (COC) users have reduced risks of ovarian and endometrial cancer, but COCs have not reduced breast cancer risk. We have previously argued that a hormonal contraceptive with substantially lower doses of sex-steroids should reduce breast cancer risk by decreasing the breast epithelial cell proliferation below usual premenopausal levels. We report here the preliminary results of a pilot trial with such a prototype contraceptive consisting of an agonist of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRHA) administered with low doses of an oral estrogen (0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen, CE, for 6 days every week) and intermittent oral progestogen (10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA, for 13 days every 4 months). Eighteen subjects at five-fold or greater increased breast cancer risk were entered and randomized -12 to the contraceptive arm and 6 to a control arm. The principal endpoints included tolerance of the regimen, vaginal bleeding patterns, and the regimen's effect on the endometrium, bone metabolism, and lipids. A symptom questionnaire was used to assess tolerance; the contraceptive subjects had fewer symptoms following initiation of the regimen. This results from the elimination of symptoms associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, commonly referred to collectively as premenstrual syndrome, PMS. The few occurrences of hot flushes or vaginal dryness that did occur were eliminated by small increases in estrogen dose (0.9 mg CE). Scheduled vaginal bleeding occurred associated with most periods of progestogen administration. Unscheduled bleeding or spotting was infrequent and decreased with time on the regimen. A beneficial rise in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was evident in the contraceptive subjects. Despite the use of an estrogen dose which is known to prevent loss of bone mineral density in normal postmenopausal women, an annualized loss of 1.9% was seen in contraceptive subjects. It is hypothesized that this is secondary to inhibition of ovarian androgen production by the GnRHA, which may additionally account for changes in libido occasionally reported with GnRHA. The study continues with the addition of a small dose of androgen to replace that lost by the action of the GnRHA.
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PMID:Pilot trial of a gonadotropin hormone agonist with replacement hormones as a prototype contraceptive to prevent breast cancer. 839 Mar 40

We compared the course of the tumour markers CEA and CA 15-3 with the clinical course of 62 patients with metastasising breast cancer. The patients were treated by an aggressive chemotherapy (FAC-regimen) or high-dose hormonal therapy (1000 mg MPA/day). The markers were determined after a well-defined schema. In patients treated with aggressive chemotherapy, the markers were determined 4, 8 and 12 hours as well as 7 days after each course. In patients treated with hormonal therapy, the markers were determined weekly from the first to 12th week as well as 4, 8 and 12th week after onset of therapy. The course of the tumour markers was compared with the results of the radiological and clinical staging three months after beginning of therapy. For patients treated with aggressive chemotherapy CEA withdrawn 4 hours after the first and second cycle resulted in medium predictive values of 88% for marker increase and 93% for marker decrease. In comparison, the predictive values of CA 15-3 were 81% for marker increase and 71% for marker decrease. Both markers obtained better results when withdrawn four hours after therapy compared to values withdrawn 7 days after therapy. In high-dose hormonal therapy, the determination of markers collected four weeks after onset of therapy is sufficient for predicting the clinical course. The medium predictive values of CEA after 4 and 8 weeks amount to 83% for marker increase and 87% for marker decrease. In comparison, the predictive values of CA 15-3 are 95% vs. 85%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Follow-up of tumor markers in evaluating the effectiveness of chemo- or hormone therapy in metastatic breast cancer]. 837 42


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