Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four breast cancer cell lines covering a wide range of receptor characteristics were examined for their growth responses to oestradiol, insulin, EGF and the anti-oestrogen, tamoxifen. Stimulated cellular growth using both the MTT assay and 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA, was measured against controls grown in a steroid reduced environment. The ER positive MCF-7 cell line showed clear growth responses to E2, insulin and EGF. This was also demonstrated, although to a lesser extent in the ZR-75-1 line which expresses lower levels of ER. In combination, these factors gave an additive growth response but the addition of EGF to maximal concentrations of insulin and oestradiol produced no further increase in growth. In contrast to these results, the two ER negative cell lines examined, MCF-7 Adr and MDA-MB-231 showed no growth response to exogenously applied steroids and in the case of MCF-7 Adr high concentrations of EGF were able to inhibit the growth of this cell line. They also showed high rates of growth in a steroid depleted environment which tends to suggest these cells are growing autonomously through autocrine growth factor induction.
 ...
PMID:The response of breast cancer cells to steroid and peptide growth factors. 144 36

FK973 (11-acetyl-8-carbamoyloxymethyl-4-formyl-14-oxa-1, 11-diazatetracyclo [7.4.1.0.0] tetradeca-2, 4, 6-trien-6, 9-diyl diacetate), an analogue of mitomycin C (MMC), was tested against human oral squamous cancer cell lines Ca 9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3, breast adenocarcinoma cell lines MCF-7, BT-20 and breast ductal carcinoma cell line T-47D using MTT assay. FK973 showed cytotoxic effects against six tested cell lines and much wider effective dose range than MMC, adriamycin (ADM), and cisplatin (CDDP). FK973 was the most potent of the four drugs tested against the growth of the three squamous cancer cell lines derived from oral cavity. However, in breast cancer cell lines, FK973 was less potent than MMC and ADM. FK973 was time and dose dependent. The combination effects of FK973 with 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) or CDDP were synthetical. It may be a promising candidate for the treatment of oral and breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:Cytotoxic activity of FK973 against human oral and breast cancer cells. 166 Dec 25

Interferons (IFNs) have been known to possess an antiproliferative effect on tumor cells besides their well characterized antiviral effect in cell cultures. The mechanism of action of the different IFNs is not fully understood, but in recent years a number of IFN-inducible genes, the presumed mediators of IFN action, have been identified. In the present study we examined the antiproliferative effect of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) using (i) the MTT dye formation assay and (ii) anchorage-independent (AI) growth in soft agar. Both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma were found to have an antiproliferative effect on the growth of MCF-7 cells. In addition, the kinetics of induction of a number of IFN-inducible genes was also examined. The expression of these genes was measured by mRNA analyses using specific [alpha-32P]-labeled cDNAs as probes. The induction of these genes by IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma is a primary effect of IFN, as de novo protein synthesis is not required for their induction. Our results on the kinetics of induction of these genes by IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma suggests a complex mechanism of ligand-dependent gene activation in this cell line with some similar and dissimilar pathways.
Breast Cancer Res Treat 1991 Mar
PMID:Interferon-alpha and gamma mediated gene responses in a human breast carcinoma cell line. 171 85

Although specific cancer targets are difficult to identify, the recent development of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (aODNs) as inhibitors of gene expression has been shown to provide a new and useful tool in antiblastic management. aODNs are able to specifically interact with gene or mRNA sequences and inhibit the expression of relevant molecules for cancer pathogenesis and progression. Since alpha-DNA polymerase (pol-alpha) plays an essential role in cell proliferation, aODNs to pol-alpha have been synthesized in order to block mRNA translation and affect the growth of MDA-MB 231, human breast cancer cell line and SW626 ovarian cancer cells. A rapid colorimetric test (MTT assay) which measures cell growth and survival has been employed to evaluate the effects induced by ODN treatment. The present experimental results demonstrate that the aODNs to pol-alpha are able to significantly affect cell proliferation. This study provides an encouraging basis for the exploitation of ODNs as therapeutic agents in vitro and in future clinical application.
 ...
PMID:The use of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (aODNs) for the therapy of cancer. 184 Oct 51

Twenty lines of human gastro intestinal and breast cancer xenografts, in which chemosensitivity spectra by the in vivo nude mouse assay had been clarified. were subjected to the in vitro SDI (succinate dehydrogenase inhibition) assay using MTT dye to assess the accuracy of this drug sensitivity test against 4 drugs i.e., mitomycin C (MMC), adriamycin (ADM) 5 fluorouracil (5-FU), and cisplatin (CDDP). After 3 days incubation, the suspension of every tumor cells including small fragments showed a marked decrease of SD activity even when no anticancer drug was added to the assay medium. Among these 4 drugs evaluated MMC exhibited a statistically significant correlation between chemosensitivity values of the in vitro SDI assay and those of the nude mouse assay. However, the other 3 drugs demonstrated no correlation between the values of these two methods. Since the primary cultured fibroblasts revealed, in general, lower sensitivity to these drugs, contamination of fibroblast may decrease the SDI values when materials from solid tumors with rich stroma such as a type of stomach cancer were subjected. It is considered that the prediction of chemosensitivity to every drug will be impossible by a in vitro SDI assay.
 ...
PMID:[Evaluation of predictability of in vitro SDI assay in comparison with in vivo nude mouse assay]. 280 37

Chemosensitivities of 32 human breast cancer to 6 antitumor drugs were assayed in vitro using MTT colorimetric method. The results showed that the chemosensitivity of primary breast cancer cultures varied remarkably from one patient, and from one drug, to another with hundred-to thousand-fold differences. The distribution of 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) was significantly deviated from normal distribution (P < 0.0001), and the drug sensitivity could be divided into four different catagories by means of percentile method. Preliminary results showed that the in vitro chemosensitivities of different antitumor drugs were consistent with the clinical therapeutic responses It seems that the herein reported assay might be useful on an individual basis to optimize chemotherapy of human breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Evaluation of chemosensitivities of human breast cancers by primary culture assay in vitro]. 765 97

A number of studies have demonstrated that potent anti-tumor immunity can be induced using cytokine gene transfer, a strategy termed transgenic immunotherapy. Our aim is to express cytokine genes in the vicinity of tumor cells, either by transducing tumor cells themselves, or by delivering cytokine-expressing endothelial cells to tumor sites. We compared the ability of cytokine-expressing tumor cells or endothelial cells to inhibit the tumorigenesis of MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells in athymic nude mice. Retroviral vectors containing either human interleukin 2 (hIL-2) or interleukin 1 (hIL-1 alpha) were used to transduce MDA-MB-435 cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Using a modified MTT bioassay and an ELISA specific for hIL-2, 43 of 70 MDA-MB-435 clones transduced with IL-2 were found to secrete between 100-800 units of IL-2/10(6) cells/24 hr. hIL-2 and hIL-1 alpha-transduced HUVEC secreted 40 ng/IL-2/10(6)/24 hr and 1.8 ng/10(6)/24 hr, respectively. To facilitate in vivo tracking of tumor cells, both nontransduced and IL-2-expressing MDA-MB-435 cells were genetically-marked with the E. coli lacZ gene and selected using flow cytometry. To study in vivo tumorigenicity, cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of athymic nude mice: (1) lacZ/MDA-MB-435 cells injected alone formed tumors in all animals; (2) IL-2-expressing lacZ/MDA-MB-435 cells did not form any tumors; (3) co-inoculation of MDA-MB-435/IL-2, or HUVEC/IL-2, or HUVEC/IL-1 alpha with lacZ/MDA-MB-435 cells prevented or delayed tumor growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Breast Cancer Res Treat 1994
PMID:Breast cancer gene therapy: transgenic immunotherapy. 788 Nov 11

A simple spectrophotometric method for measuring DNA in proliferating cells is described. The method is an adaptation of the widely used diphenylamine (DPA) reaction to examine DNA in cells grown in a 96-well plate. This assay was capable of detecting as little as 10 ng DNA and could be used to measure DNA in stored as well as viable tissue samples. The DPA assay paralleled the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay of mitochondrial reductase in A549 cells, a human lung cancer cell line; in EMT6 cells, a mouse breast cancer cell line; and in a primary cell culture of neonatal rat astrocytes. Over several days of proliferative growth in tissue culture, the ratio of MTT to DPA remained constant. Since the DPA assay and MTT assay measured different parameters of the same cells, they could be employed as complementary spectrophotometric assessments of cell growth on a 96-well plates using the same automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate reader.
 ...
PMID:Adaptation of the diphenylamine (DPA) assay to a 96-well plate tissue culture format and comparison with the MTT assay. 794

Two multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7/AdrVp and MCF-7/D.40) each expressing a different membrane protein, involved in the drug resistance, have been treated with a transferrin-doxorubicin conjugate. Conjugates have shown an increase of activity over free doxorubicin on these resistant cell lines. Growth inhibition of doxorubicin-resistant cells, as evaluated by the MTT-assay, was higher for conjugates than for free doxorubicin especially for a 4-day contact period. I D 50 were twice and 10-fold lower for the conjugate than for free doxorubicin on resistant cells. MCF-7/AdrVp seemed to be particularly affected by the conjugate even if its intracellular content of doxorubicin was similar. With the Trf-Dox conjugate, an inverted correlation does exist between the drug-DNA content and the cytotoxicity of the conjugate. Verapamil influenced the uptake of free doxorubicin but not the uptake of Trf-Dox conjugate, thus showing a different mechanism of entry.
 ...
PMID:Sensitivity of multidrug-resistant MCF-7 cells to a transferrin-doxorubicin conjugate. 801 39

The secosteroid 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3) is the major biologically active metabolite of vitamin D. Antitumor activity of this hormone has been observed on several cell lines and on breast cancer in vivo. The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the possible effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on glioma cells. Two glioma cell lines from rat (C6) or human (GHD) origin were cultured in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3. The sensitivity of these cells to 1,25 (OH)2D3 was assessed with a colorimetric MTT assay. A cytotoxic effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 was detected at concentrations around 10(-8) M. A lag period of 3 days was required between the onset of the treatment and the observation of the effects. However, the continuous presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 is not required since cell death occurred even when C6 cells were challenged for 24 hr with 1,25(OH)2D3 and then cultured in the absence of the hormone. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates the expression of its own receptors in C6 glioma. These results provide to our knowledge the first evidence for a cytotoxic effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on rat and human glioma cells and could offer both an experimental model to study a programmed cell death in a brain-derived cell line and a new strategy for the inhibition of glioma growth in vivo.
 ...
PMID:Induction of glioma cell death by 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3: towards an endocrine therapy of brain tumors? 815 34


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>