Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 84 year-old woman presenting with evolving breast cancer was admitted in the intensive care unit for malaise. Profound hyponatremia in the context of symptomatic heart failure was documented. Intravenous infusion of NaCl 0.9% was unsuccessful. Treatment with oral urea was begun and sodium level returned to nearly normal values 5 days later.
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PMID:Correction of hyponatremia by urea in a patient with heart failure. 1639 21

We report a case of organizing pneumonia (OP) that developed after radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer. A 54-year-old woman presented with malaise and fever within a month after the completion of RT for breast cancer. Chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated consolidation in the left upper lobe consistent with radiation pneumonia. The patient was given 60 mg/day IV cortisone for 15 days after which her complaints and consolidation in the left upper lobe disappeared. The daily dose of her corticosteroid was tapered down to 20 mg/day. Two weeks later, the patient again had fever and malaise. Chest X-ray and CT revealed bilateral pulmonary opacities located outside the irradiated fields, predominantly in the middle and lower lung zones. The patient's laboratory tests were normal except for her erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which was elevated. Bronchial lavage revealed moderate elevation of the total cell number with lymphocyte predominance. Open lung biopsy was performed and histopathological examination demonstrated findings consistent with OP. High dose (60 mg/day) prednisolone treatment resulted in rapid clinical and radiological improvement. When the prednisolone dose was gradually tapered down to 20 mg/day during follow-up, new pulmonary opacities developed in both lungs, as well as the recurrence of the patient's symptoms. Increased dose of prednisolone resulted in the rapid improvement of the clinical symptoms and radiological abnormalities. OP rarely presents after RT for breast and lung cancer. One should always consider OP in the clinical setting of a patient who has a history of RT completed 3-6 months prior to fever, multiple areas of consolidation, and ground glass opacities outside the RT field.
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PMID:Organizing pneumonia after radiation therapy for breast cancer. 1697 15

We performed a controlled study to compare the response to cyclophosphamide (CPA), adriamycin (ADM), and fluorouracil (5-FU) (CAF therapy) with that to uracil-tegafur (UFT) plus tamoxifen (TAM) (UFT+TAM therapy), when given as postoperative adjuvant therapy to women with breast cancer. The patients were registered from September 1991 through February 1995 at 51 institutions in the Kinki district of Japan. All patients had stage I, II, or IIIa breast cancer with four or more lymph-node metastases and underwent mastectomy. CAF therapy and UFT+TAM therapy were started within 4 weeks after surgery. CAF therapy consisted of CPA (100 mg/day) on days 1 to 14, followed by 2 weeks of rest, plus ADM (20 mg/m(2)/day) on days 1 and 8 and 5-FU (300 mg/m(2)/day) on days 1 and 8. A total of 6 courses were delivered. UFT+TAM therapy consisted of 3 years of UFT (400 mg/day) plus TAM (20 mg/day), given daily. CAF therapy and UFT+TAM therapy were each assigned to 82 patients. The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in the UFT+TAM group (82.1%) than in the CAF group (66.2%; p=0.04, logrank test). The 5-year relapse-free survival rate was higher in the UFT+TAM group (61.8%) than in the CAF group (46.3%; p=0.07, logrank test). As for adverse events, the rates of leukopenia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, general malaise, and hair loss were lower in the UFT+TAM group than in the CAF group. These results suggest that long-term treatment with UFT+TAM may be a useful alternative adjuvant therapy for the management of breast cancer, especially in elderly patients.
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PMID:[A randomized controlled study comparing uracil-tegafur (UFT)+tamoxifen (UFT+TAM therapy) with cyclophosphamide+adriamycin+5-fluorouracil (CAF therapy) for women with stage I , II, or IIIa breast cancer with four or more involved nodes in the adjuvant setting]. 1703 31

Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), suppresses bone resorption. This open-label, multicenter, phase 1 study evaluated the safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of denosumab in Japanese women with breast cancer-related bone metastases. Patients (n = 18; median age, 57 years) received a single subcutaneous injection of denosumab 60 mg or 180 mg or three doses of denosumab 180 mg on days 1, 29, and 57 (every 4 weeks) and were followed for > or = 141 days. No major safety concerns related to denosumab were noted in any cohort. All patients experienced at least 1 adverse event (AE); most were mild (grade < or = 2). One patient reported grade 4 myositis and grade 3 anemia, malaise, and dysphagia that the investigator deemed treatment-related; other treatment-related AE were grade < or = 2. No antidenosumab antibodies or clinically significant changes in laboratory findings, vital signs, or electrocardiograms were observed. Pharmacokinetics were approximately dose-linear. Denosumab caused rapid, substantial, and sustained suppression of urinary N-telopeptide corrected for creatinine (uNTx/Cr) across all doses; at day 85, the median change from baseline uNTx/Cr ranged from -61.9% to -90.8%. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed at any dosage. Coupled with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data, these results were consistent with those observed in non-Japanese populations.
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PMID:Phase 1 trial of denosumab safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in Japanese women with breast cancer-related bone metastases. 1842 61

The role of the breast care nurse was developed in the UK and is now being adopted internationally. Although evidence is available to suggest that the role is beneficial in the care of women with primary breast cancer, it is emerging that women with metastatic breast cancer do not receive the same level of support. This study aimed to develop an understanding of the role of the breast care nurse in the provision of care for patients with metastatic breast cancer. A cross-sectional survey of 276 breast care nurses in the UK found that 91% of breast care nurses stated that they provided care for patients with metastatic disease and 81% provided ongoing information and support. However 57% of breast care nurses acknowledged that the provision of care for this population was inadequate and many reported feeling ill equipped to care for women with progressive disease. Care pathways for this patient group are unstructured and ill defined complicating the efforts of breast care nurses to identify and provide care for them. In conclusion, the current nursing service for women with metastatic breast cancer is inadequate but many breast care nurses are working to address this.
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PMID:A survey of provision of breast care nursing for patients with metastatic breast cancer--implications for the role. 2073 68

Letrozole is a drug used in the treatment of postmenopausal women with breast and ovarian tumours. There is no evidence in the literature indicating its use in treating gastric cancer. We present a 68 year old lady admitted from the emergency department with weight loss, malaise and anaemia. Investigations confirmed the presence of two different primary tumours in the left breast and the stomach. Following that this patient with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer and oestrogen receptor negative gastric cancer was treated with letrozole for her breast cancer followed by a gastric resection. Independent histology by two pathologists pre-operatively diagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma. Post-operatively, independent analysis of the resected stomach, omentum and lymph nodes revealed no evidence of gastric cancer. Therefore we conclude that there is a possibility of letrozole having an effect on gastric cancer. Further studies are needed.
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PMID:An effect of letrozole on gastric cancer? 2207 24

A 52-year-old Japanese woman was examined because of general malaise, weight loss and a lump in her left breast. She was diagnosed with cancer of the left breast and Graves' disease, and was administered methimazole (MMI). A left mastectomy was performed for the breast cancer. She presented with a high fever and peripheral blood examination revealed a severe pancytopenia. She was diagnosed with severe aplastic anemia, and administered G-CSF, however, the treatment was unsuccessful. Thus, oral methyprednisolone and cyclosporin were added. There was a remarkable improvement in the peripheral blood count.
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PMID:Successful treatment of methimazole-induced severe aplastic anemia by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, methylprednisolone, and cyclosporin. 2236 86

We herein report a 75-year-old patient with recurrent hormone-nonresponsive, HER2-positive breast cancer who presented with multiple lung metastases. She had undergone a mastectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with FEC, CMF, and UFT. Forty-six months after the surgery, multiple lung, liver, and bone metastases were observed. Docetaxel and trastuzumab were administered as first-line chemotherapy for 13 months. A partial response and stable disease were observed, but progressive disease in the lung and brain was subsequently revealed. The patient then underwent g-knife treatment for brain metastasis. Lapatinib and capecitabine treatment was administered as second-line chemotherapy for 9 months. Stable disease was observed, but progressive disease in the lung metastases with clinical symptoms including cough, exertional dyspnea, and general malaise was revealed. As third-line chemotherapy, the patient was administered low-dose, bi-weekly nab-paclitaxel(150mg/m2)and trastuzumab therapy. Four weeks after beginning the nab-paclitaxel and trastuzumab treatment, the cough disappeared; 2 months after beginning the therapy, a partialresponse in the lung metastases was seen. The patient is well and the treatment has been continued for 50 weeks. No progression has been seen. Bi-weekly nab-paclitaxel treatment appears to have few side effects and might be an effective treatment option for patients with recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:[Bi-weekly nab-paclitaxel and trastuzumab therapy effective against recurrent breast cancer with multiple lung metastases in elderly patient who had previously undergone two chemotherapeutic regimens for treatment of metastatic disease-a case Report]. 2315 23

Olaparib (AZD2281) is an oral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with antitumour activity in cancer patients with BRCA1/2 germline mutations and in patients with homologous recombination deficiency. In this dose-finding study, patients were randomized to olaparib 10, 30, 100, 200 or 400 mg (capsule formulation) twice daily for the 4-5 days preceding breast cancer surgery. The primary objective was to identify an effective biological dose of olaparib for future trials. Secondary endpoints included evaluation of PARP-1 inhibition dose/exposure-response, and safety. Olaparib plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) and the pharmacodynamics (PD) in tumour and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated. Population PK/PD modelling was performed on pooled data from this study and a previously reported study. Sixty patients were randomized (n = 12, each dose). Dose-dependent increases in exposure to olaparib were observed, but at ~50 % lower plasma exposure levels than seen in advanced disease studies. The mean maximal extent of PARP inhibition in PBMCs and tumour tissue was 50.6 % and 70.0 %, respectively, and was similar to inhibitory levels reported previously. No PARP inhibition-dose relationship was observed. Due to the unexpectedly low olaparib exposure, we were unable to determine an effective biological dose. Common adverse events included procedural pain (n = 31 patients), nausea, asthenia, malaise and increased blood creatinine (n = 6, each); these were of mild-to-moderate intensity, and all were manageable. Despite low olaparib exposure, PARP inhibition was consistent with previous reports. Reasons for the inter-study differences in exposure are unclear. The tolerability profile of olaparib was consistent with previous studies.
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PMID:Evaluation of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the PARP inhibitor olaparib: a phase I multicentre trial in patients scheduled for elective breast cancer surgery. 2331 29

We report a 64-years-old woman who underwent sparing mastectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. One month after the end of radiotherapy, she presented with malaise, fever, fatigue, cough and migratory bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on serial radiological images. The microbiological studies of broncha alveolar lavage were negative. The patient under went a trans bronchial biopsy and the pathological diagnosis was compatible with an organizing pneumonia presumably associated with radiotherapy. Systemic steroid treatment was successful with rapid and complete resolution of clinical and radiographic manifestations.
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PMID:[Radiation organizing pneumonia: report of one case]. 2408 83


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