Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of solid tumors. It has a considerably lower risk of cardiotoxicity than its parent compound, doxorubicin. PLD also has a different cutaneous side effect profile than doxorubicin, and its cutaneous toxicity can be dose limiting. We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who developed erythema and erosions in the axilla and groin while on PLD for breast cancer. Nystatin was ineffective. Biopsies revealed an interface dermatitis with epidermal dysmaturation. Bland emollients and reduction in the dose of PLD resulted in resolution of the eruption. An intertriginous eruption with histological features of epidermal dysmaturation and an interface dermatitis has been previously reported in the dermatopathology literature. This eruption appears to be a distinct cutaneous toxicity of PLD.
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PMID:An intertrigo-like eruption from pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. 1703 58

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of fever of unknown origin. The patient had long-lasting spiking fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pleural effusion, and skin rash. Laboratory tests showed marked leukocytosis and an extremely high serum ferritin level (240 000 ng/ml) accompanied by disseminated intravascular coagulation and hemophagocytic syndrome. Most of the patient's features were compatible with a diagnosis of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), the rash, however, was not a typical rheumatoid rash but multiforme erythema. Biopsy of a breast nodule revealed breast cancer, leading us to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome mimicking AOSD. Although this is a rare disorder, cases resembling the present one have been reported, indicating the importance of including paraneoplastic syndrome in the differential diagnosis of AOSD.
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PMID:A case of paraneoplastic syndrome mimicking adult-onset Still's disease. 1714 3

Erythema multiforme (EM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are thought to be hypersensitivity syndromes with various causes, and radiotherapy might be one of the causes of these syndromes. We herein report two cases of EM/SJS following radiotherapy. The first case was a 63-year-old woman with breast cancer. At the end of postoperative radiotherapy with 60 Gy, severe pruritic erythema appeared in the irradiated area and spread over the whole body. She was diagnosed with EM by a skin biopsy. The second case was a 77-year-old woman with uterine cervical cancer who underwent postoperative radiotherapy. At a dose of 30.6 Gy, pruritic redness appeared in the irradiated area and the precordial region, and it became widespread rapidly with polymorphic transformation. Although without any histological confirmation, SJS was strongly suspected because of her pruritic conjunctivitis. Because both patients were given medicines during irradiation, radiotherapy may not be the only cause of EM/SJS. However, it should be noted that radiotherapy might trigger EM/SJS.
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PMID:Erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome following radiotherapy. 1722 50

Two women (aged 46 and 56 years) developed annular erythema on their sun-exposed skin, including their forearms and faces, after biweekly i.v. administration of paclitaxel for 3-4 months to treat breast cancer. Both cases showed interface changes of basal keratinocytes and high titers of serum anti-SSA/Ro antibody. The diagnoses of paclitaxel-induced cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) were made because the skin eruptions cleared rapidly within 3 weeks after the paclitaxel treatment was discontinued. Paclitaxel is proposed to be a causative agent that can provoke cutaneous LE.
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PMID:Paclitaxel-induced cutaneous lupus erythematosus in patients with serum anti-SSA/Ro antibody. 1758 26

A 66-year-old man, who had been diagnosed with vasculitis 1 year previously, presented at our hospital with edema of the left leg and erythema of more than 1 year's duration (Fig. 1). He had been diagnosed with dermatitis and vasculitis in another hospital without being biopsied, and had been treated with topical steroids, oral antihistamines, antibacterials, hydrochlorothiazide, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, which provided some temporary benefit. He had no other complaints and denied any family history of breast cancer. No history of radiation therapy to the chest or hormone therapy was elicited. After biopsy of the skin lesion in our hospital, a breast mass was found, followed by lumpectomy for pathologic examination. The results of a physical examination showed a well-developed and well-nourished man. There was a 2-cm, palpable subareolar mass in the left breast with inguinal lymph node and axillary lymph node swelling; no discharge or tenderness was evident on breast mass palpation. The skin and nipple overlying the breast mass were normal. The right breast was unremarkable. Examination revealed solitary, nonpitting edema of the left thigh and buttock with erythema. Laboratory tests showed normal plasma alpha-l-fucosidase (AFU) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level of 145.9 microg/L. Ultrasonography showed normal resonance in the prostate, bladder, liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidney, but abnormal resonance beside the aorta. Computed tomography (CT) showed lymph node swelling in the mediastina. The skin biopsy from the erythema of the left thigh revealed metastatic carcinoma (atypical cells in the lymphatic vessel). Pathologic examination of the breast mass revealed intraductal carcinoma (Figs 2 and 3). The breast mass was positive for presenilin-2 (PS2), c-erbB-2, and cytokeratin (CK), but negative for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). The cutaneous metastasis was positive for CK but negative for PR, ER, PS2, and c-erbB-2.
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PMID:A case report of remote cutaneous metastasis from male breast carcinoma. 1761 6

A non-blinded three armed study of the effect of Aloe vera, Essex and no lotion on erythema was performed. The erythema is an effect of radiotherapy treatment in breast cancer patients. The study required testing of objective methods for measuring the erythema. The chosen experimental methods were Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Laser Doppler Imaging and Digital Colour Photography. The experimental setup was made in such a way that in parallel with testing the effect of the lotions there was also a test of the sensitivity of the instruments. Fifty women were selected consecutively to participate in the study. They were all subjected to treatment with high-energy electrons (9-20 MeV) after mastectomy, 2 Gy/day to a total dose of 50 Gy. Measurements were performed before the start of radiotherapy and thereafter once a week during the course of treatment. Aloe vera and Essex lotion were applied twice every radiation day in selected sites. The increase in skin redness could be monitored with all techniques with a detection limit of 8 Gy for Digital Colour Photography and Near Infrared Spectroscopy and 18 Gy for Laser Doppler Imaging. In clinical practice our recommendation is to use Digital Colour Photography. No significant median differences were observed between the pairs no lotion-Essex, no lotion-Aloe vera and Essex-Aloe vera for any of the techniques tested.
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PMID:Comparison of three instrumental methods for the objective evaluation of radiotherapy induced erythema in breast cancer patients and a study of the effect of skin lotions. 1791 21

Our aim was to assess the efficacy of MAS065D, a non-steroidal water-in-oil cream, in preventing and limiting skin reactions caused by radiation therapy (RT). 40 women treated with conservative breast cancer surgery followed by radiotherapy, were randomised to receive MAS065D (22 pts) or vehicle (18 pts). Radiotherapy was delivered in 20 fractions: 2.25 Gy to the whole breast plus a concomitant boost of 0.25 Gy to the tumour bed up to a total dose of 50 Gy. Evaluations of skin toxicity, erythema, and subjective symptoms were carried out weekly and 3 weeks after treatment completion. A statistically significant difference between vehicle and MAS065D groups was recorded regarding the maximum severity of skin toxicity (p < 0.0001), burning within the radiation field (p = 0.039) and desquamation (p = 0.02), in favour of the latter. We conclude that MAS065D may be considered a safe and effective treatment in the prevention and minimization of skin reactions and associated symptoms.
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PMID:A double-blind, randomised, vehicle-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of MAS065D in limiting the effects of radiation on the skin: interim analysis. 1847 63

Benign breast disease includes all nonmalignant conditions of the breast, including benign tumors, trauma, mastalgia, mastitis, and nipple discharge. Benign tumors include pathologic changes that do not increase a patient's risk for developing cancer, lesions that confer a slightly increase risk, and lesions that are associated with an up to 50% risk of developing breast cancer. Both benign and malignant breast disorders can present with a palpable mass; skin dimpling, thickening, or erythema; pain; nipple discharge and inversion or distortion; or an abnormal screening mammogram with no clinical findings. Tools available to investigate breast problems include clinical breast examination, mammogram, and ultrasound. This article discusses the gynecologist's role in maintaining breast health, the clinical evaluation of breast problems, and management of benign breast disease.
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PMID:Benign breast disease. 1848 42

Catumaxomab is a trifunctional monoclonal antibody consisting of a mouse immunoglobulin G2a part and a rat immunoglobulin G2b part with 2 different antigen binding sites binding the epithelial cell adhesion molecule antigen on tumor cells and CD3 on T lymphocytes. The intact Fc region provides a third functional binding site, binding and activating selectively Fcgamma receptor I, IIa, and III-positive accessory cells. These binding properties lead to specific tumor cell killing. As catumaxomab demonstrated efficacy in patients with malignant ascites, we performed this phase 1/2 trial in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). We investigated a series of 3 escalating doses of 5 to 200 microg catumaxomab administered intrapleurally to patients with MPE containing epithelial cell adhesion molecule -positive cells. Primary objectives were determination of dose-limiting toxicity, safety, and tolerability. Secondary objectives were efficacy and pharmacodynamics. Twenty-four patients were treated with catumaxomab. Most frequent adverse events were pyrexia, elevated liver enzymes, nausea, and decreased lymphocytes. Dose-limiting toxicities were observed in 2 patients: One had pleural empyema and fatal sepsis and 1 had grade 3 erythema and hepatobiliary disorder. Five patients with breast cancer out of 7 evaluable patients had a response to treatment. Intrapleural administration of catumaxomab is feasible although the substantial number of drop-outs and deaths in short proximity to study treatment raise questions whether MPE is the right indication for catumaxomab or whether the patient population should be defined different. Safety profile was as expected reflecting catumaxomab's mode of action. Preliminary efficacy showed a suggestion of improvement in some patients.
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PMID:Treatment of malignant pleural effusion with the trifunctional antibody catumaxomab (Removab) (anti-EpCAM x Anti-CD3): results of a phase 1/2 study. 1923 19

Acellular dermal products play a beneficial role in immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction. They provide improved coverage and support in the lower pole, allowing the pectoralis muscle to drape over most of the expander and maximize lower pole expansion. Tissue incorporation is desired without any adverse affects on recovery. The purpose of this series is to evaluate the early safety and morbidity of preserved human allograft dermis sterilized using the Tutoplast(R) process.All patients who underwent tissue expander reconstruction with NeoForm(R) at Emory University Hospital between 6/07 and 4/08 were included in the series. Patient demographics, risk factors, surgical technique, early complications and outcomes were evaluated.Twenty-two consecutive patients were included, with a total of 31 breasts (bilateral n=9, left n=9, right n=4). The average age was 48 years (range: 31-71), with an average body mass index of 26.7 (range: 19-35). Fifteen patients had a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer and 7 patients had DCIS. Risk factors included hypertension n=5, history of smoking n=2, diabetes n=1, and post operative radiation therapy n=8. All reconstructions were immediate with lower pole tissue expanders. NeoForm was rehydrated for appropriately 3-5 minutes. It was sutured superiorly to the lower border of the pectoralis muscle and inferiorly to the inframammary fold. The 4x16 size was used in 18 breasts, and 6x16 cm in 13 breasts. Early post operative complications occurred in one patient with native mastectomy skin necrosis. All drains were removed by the third post-operative week. There were no cases with infection, foreign body reaction, rejection, seromas, or skin erythema. Tissue expansion was performed without any difficult. Expander removal and secondary implant insertion demonstrated adequate incorporation of the NeoForm in 16 patients. Encapsulation of the Neoform, infection or extrusion was not observed.Acellular dermal products have become a useful addition to tissue expander breast reconstruction. NeoForm was successfully used for lower pole coverage of the tissue expander in 31 immediate expander breast reconstructions. Good tissue incorporation was observed clinically and there were no post operative complications that could be related to the NeoForm.
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PMID:Early Results Using Sterilized Acellular Human Dermis (Neoform) in Post-Mastectomy Tissue Expander Breast Reconstruction. 1934 90


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