Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Preliminary analysis of adjuvant chemo-endocrine therapy for 193 breast cancer patients was performed. The patients consisted of 38 cases of Stage I, 124 cases of Stage II and 31 cases of Stage III. Therapeutic regimen was randomly divided into three groups; (1) Tamoxifen (TAM), (2) TAM + ftorafur (FT-E) and (3) TAM + FT-E + Adriamycin. Side effects among the three therapeutic groups were comparatively studied. Anorexia and nausea were observed in 1.4%, 17.1% and 60% of the patients, respectively. Leucopenia of less than 3,000 and alopecia were remarkably seen in the patients treated with regimen 3. Liver dysfunction was observed in 10.9% of group 1, 29.5% of group 2 and 13.3% of group 3, respectively. Gastrointestinal symptoms and liver dysfunction were important side effects.
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PMID:[Preliminary report of adjuvant chemo-endocrine therapy for breast cancer]. 391 52

Mitomycin-C, an antitumor antibiotic discovered in 1958, acts as a bifunctional alkylating agent. Initial clinical trials utilized a daily schedule of administration, which led to severe and protracted myelosuppression and inadequate evaluation of the antitumor spectrum of mitomycin-C. In the early 1970s, the intermittent high-dosage schedule of administration was developed: 20 mg/m2 of mitomycin-C intravenously, every 6 to 8 weeks. An overall response rate of 35% was reported by several investigators. Subsequently, other administration schedules were attempted without improvement in therapeutic index. More recently, mitomycin-C was used in combinations with other drugs. Combinations of mitomycin-C and one of the vinca alkaloids have produced response rates of approximately 30% to 40% in patients with extensive previous treatment. In patients not previously exposed to doxorubicin, combinations of mitomycin-C and doxorubicin have offered response rates of approximately 50%. Acute toxicities of mitomycin-C are tolerable and consist of mild nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Chronic toxicities include cumulative myelosuppression--especially thrombocytopenia--pulmonary toxicity, renal toxicity, and occasionally cardiac toxicity. Mitomycin-C is an effective antitumor agent in breast cancer and should be carefully incorporated in the therapeutic strategy of this disease.
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PMID:Mitomycin-C in breast cancer. 393 83

The effect of adriamycin (ADM) infused intraarterially as a preoperative procedure was analyzed retrospectively in 15 patients with primary advanced breast cancer. A high clinical response rate (CR+ PR) of 73% (11/15) was obtained by the treatment, and also remarkable degenerative changes of tumor cells were histologically noted in 10 out of 15 surgical specimens (67%). A correlation between the dose of ADM infused and the rate of tumor regression was observed. A significantly higher concentration of ADM was detected in metastatic lymph nodes and tumors obtained 3-4 weeks after intra-arterial infusion of ADM than that in normal mammary gland. As for side effects, alopecia, leukocytopenia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting occurred at high frequencies. The side effects due to this treatment were considered to be tolerable. Prognostically, a good survival rate was not observed using preoperative treatment with intra-arterial ADM infusion.
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PMID:[Effect of preoperative intra-arterial infusion of adriamycin on locally advanced breast cancer]. 402 29

45 women (postmenopausal or after former oophorectomy) with metastatic breast cancer resistant to tamoxifen as well as to chemo- and radiotherapy were treated with aminoglutethimide (750 mg or 1000 mg resp. daily) and hydrocortisone (40 mg daily). Treatment resulted in 33% remissions (2 CR + 13 PR) and 53% stabilizations (24 patients) besides a non-responder rate of 13% (6 patients). Side effects (mainly central sedation, possibly exanthema, seldom anorexia, but no hematotoxicity) were observed in 13 patients (29%). Duration of remission lasted for 1 to 24 months (mean duration 10,5 months) while stabilization extended for 2 to 17 months (mean duration 7,7 months). Mechanism of action by enzymatic inhibition of the adrenal steroid hormone synthesis ("medical adrenalectomy") as well as by extra-adrenal diminution of estrogens is considered in detail. Aminoglutethimide provides effective treatment in patients with generalized metastatic breast cancer followed by best outcome in cases with osseous metastases. Clinical results are presented as an approach to successful therapy of advanced breast cancer and an endocrine alternative in tamoxifen resistance as well as a therapeutic possibility in cytotoxic induced pancytopenia.
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PMID:[Aminoglutethimide therapy in advanced breast cancer]. 409 7

Thirty-eight patients with advanced breast cancer, multiple myeloma, and malignant lymphoma were treated with partially purified (about 0.1%) leukocyte interferon. Patients were treated with a remission-induction schedule of 3 million to 9 million antiviral units daily intramuscularly for 4 to 26 weeks. Responding patients were maintained on a schedule of 3 million U three times weekly. Tumor regression was observed in seven of 17 patients with breast cancer. Six of 10 patients with multiple myeloma responded with a decrease of at least 50% in serum myeloma protein levels or Bence Jones protein excretion. Six of the 11 lymphoma patients achieved tumor regression. Complete remissions occurred in two patients. Of the 19 responding patients, five remain on study for 52 to 63 weeks. Toxicity included low-grade fever, fatigue, anorexia, and partial alopecia. Myelosuppression (lowest median leukocyte count, 2500/mm3; granulocytes, 1300/mm3) occurred in most patients. On the basis of this pilot study, we conclude that leukocyte interferon can induce tumor regression in patients with advanced cancer.
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PMID:Leukocyte interferon-induced tumor regression in human metastatic breast cancer, multiple myeloma, and malignant lymphoma. 615 12

Nineteen patients with advanced refractory metastatic breast cancer no longer responsive to chemotherapy were treated in the first phase II efficacy trial of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (IFL-rA), a highly purified single molecular species of alpha interferon prepared by recombinant DNA methods. Patients received a previously determined maximum tolerated dose for this agent (50 X 10(6) U/m2 body surface area) by intramuscular injection three times weekly for up to 3 months. The symptoms of toxicity observed in this trial resemble those previously reported for alpha interferons and include fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, and leukopenia. All patients required dose reductions, most often for reasons of severe fatigue. Of the 17 patients evaluable for tumor response, one patient had stable disease and 16 had evidence of tumor progression. We conclude that IFL-rA is not an active agent in the treatment of advanced, refractory breast cancer when used at a maximum tolerated dose on this treatment schedule.
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PMID:Recombinant leukocyte A interferon in advanced breast cancer. Results of a phase II efficacy trial. 634 90

To assess the value of high-dose dexamethasone therapy in preventing the gastrointestinal (GI) side effects of chemotherapy, a randomized double-blind study was conducted in women receiving outpatient therapy for breast cancer. Single-dose dexamethasone sodium phosphate (10 mg) or placebo was administered intravenously in 57 trials in 22 women immediately before chemotherapy. Questionnaires (administered before therapy and 24 hours later) were compared for evidence of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia produced by chemotherapy. No GI intolerance to chemotherapy was noted in 24 (83%) of the 29 dexamethasone trials v 16 (57%) of the 28 placebo trials. Dexamethasone trials produced the following results: no side effects in 50% (14/29), insomnia the night after chemotherapy in 21% (6/29), an increase in energy levels in 24% (7/29), and an improvement in mood in 14% (4/29). High-dose dexamethasone therapy has useful application in alleviating the emetic effects of cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Antiemetic efficacy of dexamethasone therapy in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. 634 9

A study was carried out in 32 patients with disseminated breast cancer to determine the clinical responses and side-effects of daily administration of 400-600 mg of UFT. According to the Japan Mammary Cancer Society's criteria of response, more than partial response was observed in 11 out of 32 cases (34.4%). Side-effects were observed in 15 cases (46.9%) and these mainly consisted of those involving slight myelosuppression and upper digestive organs, such us nausea and anorexia.
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PMID:[Clinical trial of UFT against disseminated breast cancer]. 643 44

The results of nonspecific immunotherapy with BCG vaccine in 98 cases of melanoma, breast cancer and other malignancies were used in evaluating the frequency and degree of side-effects and complications arising in cancer patients during this treatment. The procedure proved to be safe irrespective of patients' age. Prevention and treatment of side-effects such as fever, water-salt disorders, anorexia, interstitial hepatitis and promotion of tumor growth are discussed.
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PMID:[Treatment of the complications occurring in BCG vaccine immunotherapy of patients with malignant neoplasms]. 646 96

Thirty-three patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with a recombinant alpha interferon (rIFN-alpha 2). All patients were ambulatory (performance status greater than or equal to 50 Karnofsky scale) and almost all had received previous chemotherapy. Large intravenous dosages of 30 to 50 X 10(6) IU/m2 were given for five consecutive days every two to three weeks to 22 patients and smaller subcutaneous dosage of 2 X 10(6) IU/m2 three times a week to 11 patients. No complete or partial responses were seen. Two patients had stable disease and the remainder progressed. Flu-like syndromes were seen in all patients. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were frequent. Hypotension and confusion were noted in six and five patients, respectively. Life-threatening leukopenia was noted in two patients receiving intravenous dosage and thrombocytopenia was noted in one; no sepsis or bleeding complications were noted. In this study, a highly purified and biologically active rIFN-alpha 2 was not associated with activity in previously treated women with metastatic breast cancer.
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PMID:A phase II study of recombinant alpha interferon in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. 647 Jul 52


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