Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 23 patients were treated at five dose escalations with high-dose combination cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan with autologous bone marrow support. The maximum tolerated doses of cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan were 5,625, 180, and 80 mg/m2, respectively. The dose-limiting toxicity was cardiac toxicity. Objective tumor regression occurred in 14 of 18 evaluable cases, with a median duration of 3.5 months. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of melphalan in 20 patients revealed a dose-related increase in maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC). Perturbation of the melphalan plasma half-life and AUC, associated with severe toxicity, resulted when renal insufficiency occurred. The results suggest that high-dose combination cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan produces frequent, rapid responses in breast cancer, melanoma, and sarcoma, although with significant extramedullary toxicity. The pharmacokinetics suggest that modification of the treatment schedule may result in a reduction of treatment-related toxicity.
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PMID:High-dose combination cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan with autologous bone marrow support. A clinical and pharmacologic study. 265 60

Twenty-five patients with disseminated cancer (nine with renal cell carcinoma, five with melanoma, three with Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic myelocytic leukemia [CML], two with soft tissue sarcoma, one each with large-cell lymphoma, breast cancer, and colon cancer), 13 males and 12 females, aged 25 to 68, were treated with recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL2) by continuous infusion and adoptive transfer of autologous lymphocytes activated in vitro with IL2. Patients underwent leukapheresis on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of the treatment. Cells, bulk activated for 20 hours in serum-free culture medium with 1,000 U IL2/mL in transfusion transfer packs as culture vessels, were transfused the following day. The infusion of IL2 by continuous infusion for six days started immediately after each adoptive transfer for 4 weekly courses. The dose of IL2 was escalated weekly in each patient; starting doses of IL2 were also escalated in subsequent cohorts of patients until maximally tolerated doses were reached. Nine patients had objective tumor regressions (three with renal cell cancer, two with Hodgkin's lymphoma, and one each with melanoma, sarcoma, breast, and colon cancer). Six responses were partial, two were minor, and one was mixed. Responding patients were maintained with IL2 by continuous infusion for six days every 6 to 8 weeks, without adoptive cell transfer. The median duration of responses was 16 weeks (3 to 60 + weeks). Tumor regression was related to the dose of IL2 (greater than or equal to 3.4 x 10(6) U/m2/d for six days) and to the in vivo lymphoproliferative effects of the lymphokine, but not to the total number of cells adoptively transferred. Side effects of treatment were transient and quickly reversible. Renal, hepatic dysfunction, and dyspnea were directly related to the dose of IL2 and to lymphocytosis. Other toxicities were mild hypotension with mild fluid retention, oral mucositis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, and fatigue.
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PMID:Recombinant interleukin-2 by continuous infusion and adoptive transfer of recombinant interleukin-2-activated cells in patients with advanced cancer. 266 33

The incidence of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute leukaemias (AL) after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy is increasing. Most cases have been described in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, multiple myeloma, polycythemia vera, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. We report 2 patients with secondary MDS and acute myeloblastic leukaemia after combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma. Five more cases have been described in the literature. The data of all patients are summarized. The occurrence of secondary MDS/AL in patients with soft tissue sarcoma may become a problem, in particular in children, who have been cured after combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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PMID:Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukaemia following treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. 267 58

We report an asynchronous bilateral malignant lymphoma of the breast, in a 56-year-old woman, presenting unusual clinical signs and histological features. The patient, who had a family history of breast cancer, had undergone a standard right radical mastectomy four years previously for a non-epithelial malignant tumor. At that time, the tumor was thought to be a stromal sarcoma, because some of the neoplastic cells were elongated or vacuolated. The patient recently became aware of a rapidly growing tumor of the left nipple without erosion or pain. This tumor underwent biopsy, and the histological examination showed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse mixed type. Staging procedures demonstrated no sign of generalized disease. Following a modified left radical mastectomy for optimal local control and accurate staging, adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone and doxorubicin was initiated. Immunohistochemical staining for PAN-B and leucocyte common antigen revealed both tumors to be malignant lymphomas of B-cell type, and the first lymphoma of the right breast was thought to be showing 'signet ring' cell change. Since the two tumors were morphologically quite different from each other, it was suggested that they were asynchronous bilateral primary malignant lymphomas; however, the possibility remains that the recent left breast tumor is a recurrence of the malignant lymphoma of the right breast. The patient is currently disease-free, 10 months after surgery.
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PMID:A rare case of asynchronous bilateral B-cell lymphoma of the breast. 269 33

A total of 23 patients with advanced malignancies received escalating doses of epirubicin (100-120 mg/m2) i.v. at 3-week intervals; 15 had received previous chemotherapy. In all, 46 courses of chemotherapy were given. Mucositis (grade II or III) occurred in 47% of courses at 120 mg/m2, but in only 15% of courses at 115 mg/m2. Myelotoxicity was manifest as leucopenia, with a median white blood count nadir of 1.9 (range, 0.8-7.0) x 10(9)/l. Nausea and vomiting were generally well controlled by prophylactic antiemetic therapy. Alopecia was WHO grade 0 in 2 patients, grade I in 1, grade II in 5 and grade III in 14. No renal or hepatic toxicity was noted, and there were no episodes of congestive cardiac failure. One fatal coronary thrombosis (proven at post-mortem examination) occurred 48 h after a dose of 115 mg/m2. Four patients developed thrombophlebitis at the injection site that was not dose-related; it occurred at doses between 100 and 120 mg/m2. Two patients who had been given chemotherapy in the past had complete responses (one penile carcinoma, one gastric carcinoma). Six patients had partial responses, including two with breast cancer, one with gastric cancer and three with sarcoma. Intermediate-dose epirubicin was well tolerated up to 120 mg/m2, when mucositis became a significant clinical problem. Preliminary data suggest promising activity in gastric cancer, breast cancer and a variety of sarcomas.
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PMID:Experience with intermediate-dose (110-120 mg/m2) epirubicin. 272 Aug 92

Upstream sequences of the human P450IA1 gene were inserted into a promoterless expression vector (pSVO-cat) containing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, with and without the Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha-MSV) core enhancer, and either plasmid was transfected into human breast carcinoma MCF-7 and MDA-231 and mouse hepatoma Hepa-1 cell lines. In most instances constitutive and inducible CAT activities in the transient CAT expression assay were similar (within 3-fold) to those in the stable transformation CAT assay (selection of G418-resistant colonies following co-transfection with pSV2-neo). In the case of Ha-MSV-containing constructs stably integrated in the two human breast cancer lines, however, CAT expression was more than two orders of magnitude greater than that transiently expressed in these cells. Since the major difference between these two assays is plasmid copy number, these data suggest the presence of limiting amounts of tissue-specific positive-control enhancer-binding factor(s) in the breast carcinoma cell lines.
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PMID:Human P45IA1 upstream regulatory sequences expressing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. Effect of Ha-MSV enhancer and comparison of transient with stable transformation assays. 282 73

A histological analysis was conducted in 138 female breast cancer patients, and the results were classified in accordance with "Histological Typing of Breast Tumours" (WHO, Geneva 1981). Since about half of these tumors showed more than one histological type of carcinoma, a simplified classification system with four groups was adopted. When patients were categorized according to the number and degree of kinship of their relatives with breast cancer, no specific association with the histological types was found. Familial tumors also encompassed a wide spectrum of histopathologic diagnoses. This suggests the absence of a histological marker in familial breast cancer. Pedigrees of all the patients were then analyzed, special emphasis being placed on relatives suffering from the same and other malignancies. It was found that 13.8% of the probands had at least one first-degree relative with breast cancer and that, compared with the tumor spectra in the male and female population, there was a significantly higher number of esophageal carcinomas in the fathers, of stomach cancers in the uncles and grandfathers, of brain tumors in the mothers, and of sarcomas in the brothers. An accumulation of the same tumors, especially stomach cancer and tumors related to the SBLA syndrome, was observed in families of index patients with tubular or medullary breast cancer. The SBLA syndrome is a complex familial cancer syndrome characterized by a proclivity to Sarcomas, Breast cancers, brain tumors, Lung and laryngeal cancers, leukemia, and Adrenocortical carcinomas.
Breast Cancer Res Treat 1987 Nov
PMID:Familial and histological analyses of 138 breast cancer patients. 282 18

A case is reported of a patient who developed a histological unusual sarcoma in the chest wall 5.3 years after postoperative radiation therapy (5,000 rads) for breast cancer. This sarcoma showed microscopic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). A review of the literature disclosed 16 other cases in which MFH developed under similar circumstances. An analysis of these 16 cases and the case reported here showed that the mean radiation dose was 5,623 rads, that the time period between irradiation and the development of MFH ranged from 2 to 27 years and that wide resection offered better prognosis than chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Postirradiation malignant fibrous histiocytoma following mastectomy in breast cancer]. 284 40

Regional recurrence of malignant tumors in the peritoneal cavity usually signifies a poor prognosis for the host and often results in gastrointestinal complications requiring surgical intervention. One hundred patients with nongynecological malignancies found with peritoneal carcinomatosis were followed prospectively. The most common primary tumors were colorectal (N = 45) and pancreatic (N = 20) carcinoma. When associated with pancreatic carcinoma, 65% of patients had liver metastases and 60% had ascites. The presence of ascites was associated with poor survival, with no patient surviving past 30 days. Ascites was also a sign of poor prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Among possible prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma patients, only disease-free interval, presence of lung metastases, and ascites showed statistically significant correlations with survival. Peritoneal carcinomatosis in sarcoma (N = 7) and breast cancer (N = 6) patients had median survival of 12 and 7 months, respectively. Surgical intervention for gastrointestinal complications in peritoneal carcinomatosis can provide significant palliation, with a few exceptions such as in patients with pancreatic or gastric carcinoma, ascites, and poor performance status.
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PMID:Peritoneal carcinomatosis in nongynecologic malignancy. A prospective study of prognostic factors. 291 Apr 44

Three cases of sarcoma developing after irradiation for breast cancer are reported. A malignant mesenchymoma in the sternum--a combination of osteogenic sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma--is the first documented case of its kind occurring after radiation therapy. Of the other two tumors one was an extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma in the soft tissues of the thoracic wall and one a rhabdomyosarcoma in the axilla.
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PMID:Sarcoma following irradiation for breast cancer. Report of three unusual cases including one malignant mesenchymoma of bone. 303 50


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