Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pharmacokinetic of 5-Fluorouracil and its permeation into malignant pleural effusion was investigated in 9 patients with breast carcinoma who received 600 mg/m2 5-Fluorouracil i.v. within the CMF protocol. Despite the short plasma halflife of 5-Fluorouracil (16,8 min) distinct concentrations with peak levels up to 115 nmol/ml after 30 min were observed in the effusions. In consequence of the rapid elimination of 5-Fluorouracil from the plasma and the comparatively slow retrograde diffusion (t 1/2 55 min) from the pleural space, the drug levels persisted longer in the effusions, than in the blood. Thus the area under the curve of the pleural level (AUC) reached 50% (27-85%) of the corresponding plasma AUC (10,9 +/- 2,3 mumol x min x ml-1). From a pharmacokinetic point of view, no additional local instillations of 5-Fluorouracil are necessary during a systemic therapy of breast cancer with pleural effusions.
 ...
PMID:[Pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil and its permeation in pleural effusions in the therapy of metastatic breast cancer]. 636 3

To determine factors which affect survival in patients with pleural involvement by breast carcinoma, we reviewed records of all patients at two community teaching hospitals presenting with malignant pleural effusion over a 6-year period. Forty-five patients had had mastectomy for breast cancer, no history of other malignancy, and cytologic confirmation of subsequent pleural metastases. All had received conventional combination systemic chemo- or hormonal therapy. Ten patients (group 1) in whom effusion was the initial and only site of recurrent disease had a median survival of 48 months. The median survival was 12 months in 35 patients (group 2) who developed effusion in association with other metastatic disease. Half of the patients in group 1 had no axillary node involvement at mastectomy. Twenty-eight patients (80%) in group 2 had had more advanced disease at initial diagnosis. This, and behavior of the effusion as regional rather than systemic disease, suggested by the high incidence of effusion on the ipsilateral side of the mastectomy, probably accounts for the better outlook in patients with effusion alone.
 ...
PMID:Survival of patient with pleural involvement by breast carcinoma. 661 18

CAMA-1 cells, isolated from malignant pleural effusion, are grown in long-term cultures as monolayers. The rate of growth is dependent upon fetal bovine serum and estradiol. These cells also exhibit a dose response to added 17 beta-estradiol with respect to the incorporation of radiolabeled thymidine into cells. The uptake is increased at low levels of estradiol and decreased at pharmacological levels of estradiol. The uptake of uridine and leucine is also stimulated by estradiol in a dose-related manner. Induction of precursor uptake is not observable until cells have been exposed to estradiol for approximately 10 hr or longer. Cells plated for different periods in steroid-stripped serum remain sensitive to estrogenic stimulation and show similar lag time in response. Estrogenic effect is not noticeable in the absence of serum. Addition of prolactin can partially restore estrogenic stimulation of thymidine uptake in serum-free medium. Like other estrogen target tissues, these cells contain cytoplasmic and nuclear estrogen receptors. These results demonstrate that the CAMA-1 cell line is estrogen dependent and that these cells may provide a promising model for the in vitro investigation of the mode of estrogen action in human breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:Response to estrogen by the human mammary carcinoma cell line CAMA-1. 713 10

We investigated the biochemical and molecular pharmacological parameters of fluorinated pyrimidines using malignant cells in pleural effusion or ascites from patients with malignant disease both before and after fluorinated pyrimidine chemotherapy, either systemically or intravesically. In four out of fifteen cancer patients, we could analyze the alteration of thymidylate synthase (TS) catalytic activity both before and after the treatment, showing that there was a decrease ranging 28% through 96.9%. We also analyzed a level of TS messenger RNA and TS protein using molecular biotechniques. None of these mutual correlations has so far been demonstrated, indicating that the data were analyzed through samples from patients not responding to the fluorinated pyrimidines. In a responding patient with advanced breast cancer, pre-treatment total TS protein was 130 fmol/mg and the TS activity was 3.27 pmol/mg/min. After intrapleural instillation of a combination of 5-FU 250 mg and leucovorin 3 mg, the total amount and the catalytic activity of TS could be measured. On the 11th day of treatment, the TS protein level decreased to 26 fmol/mg and the TS catalytic activity also decreased to 0.1 pmol/mg/min resulting in a TS inhibition rate of 92.3 percent. On the 17th day, the patient's malignant pleural effusion disappeared almost completely, suggesting that substantial TS inhibition may reflect the clinical evidence. This particular data showed that it would be predictable for clinical outcome to evaluate these parameters before and after fluorinated pyrimidine chemotherapy. Further study is warranted to evaluate the exact role of analyzing these parameters in clinical practice.
 ...
PMID:[Pharmacological and biochemical investigation of intracavital fluorinated pyrimidine chemotherapy]. 757 73

Parietal pleurectomy is our preferred procedure for management of malignant pleural effusion. However, the morbidity of a major thoracotomy has precluded all but highly selected patients from the conventional (open) procedure. Recently, we have been able to perform parietal pleurectomy by means of a video-assisted, thoracoscopic technique. We have retrospectively analyzed the results of this procedure performed on 11 patients between March 1993 and February 1995. These patients ranged in age from 40 to 87 years of age, with a mean age of 61.5 years. Primary tumors were non-small cell lung cancer (5), breast cancer (4), mesothelioma (1), and unknown (1). There was one operative mortality (9.1%). All were relieved of symptoms of pleural effusion. Median survival was 128 days. Early experience indicates we are accomplishing an operation equivalent to that formerly performed by "open" technique. If continued results are similar to our initial experience, we will be able to offer this superior palliation of malignant pleural effusion to a wider range of patients.
 ...
PMID:Early experience with videothoracoscopic hydrodissection pleurectomy in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion. 763 Jan 72

Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are a common complication of advanced malignancies, particularly lung and breast cancer. They are caused by a variety of mechanisms including tumor obstruction of lymphatic flow, spread of malignant cells via the systemic circulation, and tumor invasion of the pulmonary arterioles. Therapy is determined by tumor histology, stage of malignancy, and a careful assessment of a patient's performance status and comorbid diseases. A number of approaches have been used to treat patients with MPE ranging from thoracentesis to pleurectomy. Tube thoracostomy drainage followed by application of a sclerosing agent is the most common strategy. Effective sclerosing agents include quinacrine, talc, bleomycin, tetracycline and Corynebacterium parvum. Results from a recent multicenter randomized trial suggest that bleomycin may be superior in terms of control of effusion at 30 days. Further randomized studies are ongoing to determine the optimal method of draining the pleural space and the most effective sclerosing agent. Thoracoscopy using video-assisted techniques is a promising new approach to MPEs both for diagnosis and treatment. The application of biological agents such as interleukin-2, the interferons, and novel chemotherapeutic agents are experimental approaches that are under investigation.
 ...
PMID:Management of malignant pleural effusions. 768 44

To evaluate the efficiency of pleurodesis (PD) in the management of symptomatic malignant pleural effusion (PE) in breast cancer, we reviewed 46 patients undergoing 49 PDs. When radiotherapy was part of the initial treatment, 41% of PEs were ipsilateral to the primary, if not, 85% of PEs were ipsilateral (P < 0.0075). Six percent of patients presented dyspneic with exertion, 32% during daily routine; 61% at rest. All except 1 were improved after PD; 74% had no dyspnea, 23% had exertional dyspnea. PD relieved chest pain in 4 and cough in 5 patients. With 31 Talc/Iodine PDs, 2 mortalities and 2 minor complications occurred. Of 17 tetracycline PDs, 1 was complicated by bronchopleural fistula and 1 failed. 1 Mustine PD was uncomplicated. Survival at 6, 12, and 24 months was 58%, 40%, and 13%, respectively. Primary local radiotherapy may prevent ipsilateral PE. Talc/Iodine and tetracycline PD reliably provide relief from the distressing symptoms of malignant PE.
 ...
PMID:Breast cancer complicated by pleural effusion: patient characteristics and results of surgical management. 789 13

Recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) was administered intrapleurally according to an original protocol to 11 patients with malignant pleural effusion, 7 of whom suffered from breast cancer and 4 from esophageal cancer. The pleural effusions either disappeared or decreased roentgenographically, and malignant cells disappeared from all 13 pleural cavities in the 11 patients, confirming the validity of this therapy to be 100%. The mean survival time from the initial administration of rIL-2 was 15.9 months. We ensured that the concentration of IL-2 in the effusion was maintained at a high level for a sufficient period of time, and that the lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity of lymphocytes in the effusion was augmented. Fever, eosinophilia, and a transient increase in the pleural effusion were the main side effects, but the symptoms were temporary and not serious. The results of this study therefore suggest the efficacy of intrapleural rIL-2 for patients with malignant pleural effusion.
 ...
PMID:The intrapleural administration of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) to patients with malignant pleural effusion: clinical trials. 811 18

A retrospective analysis of 40 patients with pleural effusions caused by breast cancer is presented. Evidence is presented which suggests that malignant pleural effusion in breast cancer is caused by lymphatic rather than blood spread. 70% of effusions are ipsilateral to the primary carcinoma and 22.5% of patients with pleural effusions have positive internal mammary node biopsies (compared to 10.4% in controls). 47.5% of effusions had positive cytology but this does not correlate with either survival or recurrence. In operable tumours, pleural effusion is correlated with the size of the primary tumour but effusions were uncommon with large, locally advanced Stage III tumours at presentation, which could be attributable either to the short survival of such patients or to the effect of adjuvant radiotherapy reducing the chance of an ipsilateral effusion. Although these patients overall had a short life expectancy (median 11 months) there was a wide range. Chest drainage and instillation of 100 mg mepacrine in 30 ml of bupivacaine to give rise to pleurodesis offers useful palliation and minimizes recurrence (29 treatments with only two symptomatic recurrences), compared with aspiration alone (19 treatments with 12 symptomatic recurrences) or instillation with tetracycline (10 treatments with five symptomatic recurrences). Pleural effusion secondary to breast cancer is a locoregional manifestation. Pleurodesis with mepacrine offers good local control.
 ...
PMID:Pleural effusion in breast cancer: a review of the Nottingham experience. 813 66

Sixty-seven breast cancer patients with cytologically-confirmed malignant pleural effusion, who required intrapleural treatment, were analyzed retrospectively. The patients received their first thoracentesis between 1980 and 1990. Among them, 29 patients received intrapleural administration of OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, followed by the transfer of autologous pleural effusion lymphocytes cultured with interleukin-2. Other intrapleural treatments consisted of OK-432 alone (12 patients), chemotherapeutic agents alone (n = 9), a combination of OK-432 and chemotherapy (n = 16), or others (n = 1). Twenty-six of the 29 patients given OK-432 plus cultured effusion lymphocytes responded, while only 15 of the 38 patients who received other treatments did (p < 0.01). Median survival time and 5-year survival rate of patients who received OK-432 and cultured lymphocytes was 12 months and 36%, while those of the patients who received other treatments was 3 months and 0%, a significant (p < 0.001) difference in survival. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model revealed that the treatment (adoptive immunotherapy) was the most significant (p < 0.005) factor to prolong the survival of the patients among several prognostic factors. Thus, OK-432 and adoptive immunotherapy is a promising therapy that should be further evaluated in a prospective study.
Breast Cancer Res Treat 1993 Sep
PMID:Intrapleural adaptive immunotherapy for breast cancer patients with cytologically-confirmed malignant pleural effusions: an analysis of 67 patients in Kyoto and Shiga Prefecture, Japan. 831 78


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>