Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antiprogestin RU 486 converts the early pregnant uterus by increasing the sensitivity of the myometrium to prostaglandin (PG). These effects of antiprogestin have resulted in the development of nonsurgical procedures to abort embryos based on a combination of RU 486 and different PG-analogues administered vaginally or intramuscularly. RU 486 also has a softening effect on the cervix which may be used as pretreatment in second and third trimester abortions. The effects, mode of action, dangers, and the many other postulated clinical implications (like breast cancer, meningioma, ectopic pregnancy, fetal death in utero, induction of labour, initiation and promotion of lactation, endometrial or ovarian cancers, leukemia, Cushing's syndrome, uterine adenomyosis, acute uremia, leiomyosarcoma, hypertension, etc.) are discussed.
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PMID:[Mifepristone (RU 486)]. 151 99

Surgical treatment of hepatic metastases is predominantly aimed at "curative" resection. This can be achieved in about 20% of colorectal secondaries, and is associated with a 30-40% 5-year survival. One to three metastases in the absence of extrahepatic disease are regarded a clear indication to resection. Among patients with non-colorectal malignancies, occasional long term survival was reported in leiomyosarcoma, breast cancer, and renal cancer metastases, respectively. Endocrine tumors such as carcinoid, gastrinoma, or pheochromocytoma, are different because of their remarkable symptoms along with a protracted natural history. Quality of life may be considerably improved here by even non-radical debulking. The vast majority of patients, however, ist not suitable to undergo hepatic resection. Palliative therapeutic options involve hepatic artery ligation or embolization, cryo-surgery and percutaneous laser coagulation, and various types of regional chemotherapy. These methods may enable a temporary relief of symptoms, but no significant impact on survival time, and no true long term benefit has been proven. Prospective randomized trials against combined treatment as well as untreated patients are required for a more meaningful judgement and improved effectiveness.
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PMID:[Surgical interventions in liver metastases]. 198 54

Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to study malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels in 20 patients, 13 males and seven females, whose ages ranged from 15 to 72 years. Five patients had lung cancer; two each had breast cancer, malignant melanoma, hepatoma and one each had gastric cancer, urinary bladder cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma; and two had cancers with unknown primaries. Tumor invasion was demonstrated echocardiographically in the left atrium in one each with breast cancer, fibrosarcoma and gastric cancer; in the right atrium in two with hepatomas; in the right atrium and right ventricle in one patient with adrenocortical carcinoma; in the left ventricle in one with lung cancer; and in the pulmonary artery in one with malignant melanoma. Massive pericardial effusion was observed in 11 of 20 patients; two with pericardial tumors including malignant lymphoma and lung cancer. We conjectured that metastatic tumors in the right cardiac cavities came through the inferior vena cava, and other tumors in the left atrium, left ventricle and pericardium developed from direct extension of the primary lesions. There was an 80% mortality of the patients during the observation period, and the average survival period after the diagnosis of cardiac metastases was 5.5 months. However, one patient was still living after two years of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Echocardiography proved a useful, non-invasive means for the detection and follow-up observation of metastatic cardiac tumors.
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PMID:[Echocardiography in patients with malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels]. 210 13

In the course of a phase II study 15 patients (nine women and six men; mean age 58 [45-69] years) received 300 mg clodronate daily during a total of 16 episodes of tumour-induced hypercalcaemia. Four women had breast cancer, four patients had plasmocytoma and four had bronchial carcinoma. One woman each had leiomyosarcoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the uterus or pancreatic carcinoma, respectively. No other calcium-lowering treatment, such as forced diuresis, glucocorticoids, calcitonin or mithramycin, was employed. As early as two days after onset of treatment the serum calcium concentration fell significantly from 3.63 +/- 0.42 to 2.80 +/- 0.40 mmol/l. After a mean interval of 4.3 days the hypercalcaemia had been eliminated during 15 of the 16 episodes. The treatment was not adequate in one patient with paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia. The results indicate that this medication is to be recommended as a standard treatment of tumour-induced hypercalcaemia; side effects are minimal.
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PMID:[Monotherapy with clodronate for tumor-induced hypercalcemia]. 213 27

The evaluation of TAE was studied for 73 patients with metastatic liver cancers but without metastasis in other organs, who were treated with initial TAE more than 2 years ago. Seventeen patients survived for more than 2 years. The primary lesions consisted of colon cancer in 9 patients, the Langerhans islet cell tumor of the pancreas in 4, gastric cancers in 2, breast cancer in 1 and leiomyosarcoma of the colon in 1. The overall 2-year survival rate calculated by the direct method was 23.3% and mean survival period was 15.8 months. The prognosis was good in H1 and V3. Lp-TAE produced better effects but no statistically significant difference was found between the 2-year survivals by Lp-TAE and by GS-TAE.
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PMID:[Transarterial hepatic embolization of metastatic liver cancers with reference to 17 cases of survival for more than 2 years]. 234 8

Percutaneous placement of an intraneoplasmic electrode in pulmonary metastases of three patients with extrathoracic primary cancers permitted electrochemical treatment of these lesions. These reacted variably to anodic and cathodic electrodes. One breast cancer metastasis disappeared after treatment with the anodic field. A small metastasis from a cancer of the urinary bladder was found to be resistant to both anodic and cathodic fields despite large doses of current. Two large metastases of about equal size from the leiomyosarcoma of the uterus showed progression of the cranial anodic neoplasm but regression of the caudal cathodic neoplasm. At reversed polarity the cathodic neoplasm showed a tendency to regress and the caudal neoplasm continued to disappear. It appears that different neoplasms may show a variable response to anodic or cathodic fields or may show poor sensitivity to both fields.
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PMID:Electrochemical treatment of cancer. I: Variable response to anodic and cathodic fields. 255 14

The complete hematologic blood cell count of 11 patients with advanced cancer were determined on 14 occasions, every 4 hr over 36-48 hr. Oral temperature was also measured at the same times as blood sampling. Five patients had breast cancer, five had ovarian cancer and one a leiomyosarcoma. Circadian rhythms were detected by the cosinor method for seven hematologic variables (red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets) and for oral temperature in the whole group of patients. All acrophases were located between 1300 and 1700 hr, except for lymphocytes (2100 hr). A rhythm with a period of 8 hr was validated for lymphocytes and monocytes. Validated or estimated amplitudes and acrophases were closely similar in both breast and ovarian cancer subgroups. Individual cosinor analyses documented large differences from patient to patient, which were accounted for by differences in performance status. Thus, subjects with poor performance status and rapidly progressive disease had very few validated rhythms as compared to those patients with good performance status. As a result a statistically significant correlation was found between the number of validated hematologic circadian rhythms and the performance status (r = -0.88; P less than 0.01).
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PMID:Interindividual differences in the circadian hematologic time structure of cancer patients. 367 93

To clarify the effects of oxygen tension on colony formation of fresh human tumor cells, we examined 25 fresh human tumor samples (sixteen gastric cancers, three colon cancers, three breast cancers, one esophageal cancer, one leiomyosarcoma and one malignant lymphoma), using the human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA) technique. Three different oxygen tensions (2 per cent, 5 per cent, 20 per cent) were tested. At 5 per cent O2, which is considered to be physiological oxygen tension, 19 out of 26 tumors (13/16 in gastric cancer, 2/3 in colon cancer, 1/3 in breast cancer, 1/1 in esophageal cancer, and 1/1 in leiomyosarcoma) showed significant increases of plating efficiencies as compared to those at 20 per cent O2. On the other hand, decreases in plating efficiencies were observed at 2 per cent O2 in seven out of 12 tumors as compared to 20 per cent O2 and eight out of 12 tumors, as compared to 5 per cent O2.
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PMID:Effects of oxygen tension on tumor colony formations assessed by human tumor clonogenic assay. 372 87

In order to study the merit or demerit of the dehydration or hydration as the preparation of renographic examination, the following 25 cases--11 cases of uterine cancer, 2 cases of breast cancer, a case of esophageal cancer, pharyngeal cancer, maxillary cancer, salivary gland tumor, leiomyosarcoma of uterus and others are examined by renography using 131I-hippurate. Renogram is performed in case of patient's dehydration and followed in case of patient's hydration with 600 ml of water intake. Renographic findings such as Tmax, T1/2, HB/HA and step-like pattern are studied as a parameter. Following 600 ml water intake, Tmax is significantly shortened and the step-like pattern is disappeared. This study is strongly suggested that patient's hydration is significantly necessary in the performance of renogram as the preparatory procedure.
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PMID:[The comparative study of renogram both in case of dehydration and hydration (author's transl)]. 738 71

Over the last 5 years, we experienced thirty-nine patients with liver tumors undergoing implantation of an intraarterial reservoir through the gastroduodenal artery. Nine of the 39 patients had hepatocellular carcinomas, while the rest had metastatic liver tumors. In 32 patients, intraarterial chemotherapy via an implanted reservoir was discontinued either because of death in 20 patients with an average survival period of 11.7 months or because of occlusion of an intraarterial line in 12 patients with an average treatment period of 20.2 months. Regarding treatment modalities adopted for intraarterial therapy, transcatheter arterial embolization, surgical resection, microwave tumor coagulation, ethanol injection therapy, and a subselective intraarterial chemotherapy were performed in 3 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. All of them survived more than 2 years after disuse of the reservoir. Out of 5 patients with metastatic liver tumors of colorectal cancer, one patient underwent additional surgical resection, two patients had no therapy who survived only two or three months, and two patients were still alive without additional therapies. Of four patients with metastatic liver tumors, 3 from breast cancer and one from leiomyosarcoma of stomach were treated with systemic chemotherapy or subselective intraarterial chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy. The average survival period of these 12 patients was 16.2 months, and 7 of them are still alive.
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PMID:[Study on therapeutics adopted after occlusion of intraarterial reservoir in patients with liver tumor]. 757 33


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