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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The indications for subcutaneous mastectomy have been redefined as a result of more recent and more conclusive data. This information has provided us with specific biological markers that define more clearly the high-risk woman for breast cancer. Proliferative disease, with and without atypia, should replace the previous criterion of moderate to severe fibrocystic disease or non-specific mammary dysplasia.
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PMID:Redefined indications for subcutaneous mastectomy in patients with benign breast disease. 373 47

Proliferating epithelial structures were studied immunomorphologically in 16 cases of fibrocystic disease and benign tumours. Monoclonal antibodies were used to prekeratin (PK) C12, normally specific for the lining epithelium, to prekeratin (PK) E3 and to the protein of intermediate filaments in mesenchymal cells--vimentin, normally specific for myoepithelium. The immunofluorescent analysis of the most common proliferating structures has shown that there are elements with a variable combination of PK C12, PK E3 and vimentin among the proliferating cells. While there are cells similar to normal lining epithelium (PK C12) or myoepithelium (PK E3) and/or vimentin), many cells have no analogues either among normal cells, or among cells from ductal, lobular and tubular tumour forms. Since in the most common forms of breast cancer only cells containing PK C12 were found, the immunofluorescent study with the application of monoclonal antibodies to PK C12, PK E3 and vimentin can be recommended in difficult and dubious cases for the recognition of carcinogenic or dysplastic nature of morphologically similar proliferating structures.
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PMID:[Immunomorphological research on human breast tumors using monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. The proliferative epithelial structures in fibrocystic disease (dysplasia) and benign tumors]. 377 38

A histological examination of 306 breast tissues taken consecutively from autopsied Japanese women aged from 12 to 104 during the period between 1973 and 1984, excluding breast cancer cases, was undertaken. Two peaks at the ages of 40 to 44 and 55 to 59 were seen in the age-frequency distribution of fibrocystic disease (FCD), blunt duct adenosis (BDA), and duct papillomatosis (DP). There was no significant difference in the frequency of FCD, BDA, and apocrine metaplasia between the cases of liver cirrhosis and those without any hepatic disorders (controls). On the other hand, DP was seen more frequently and in higher degree in those with liver cirrhosis as compared with controls.
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PMID:[Fibrocystic disease of the breast in autopsy cases with special reference to the age frequency distribution of epithelial hyperplasia and its relation to liver cirrhosis]. 378 77

In 84 consecutive autopsies of women with a clinical diagnosis of invasive breast cancer, radial scars were found in the contralateral breast in 35 cases (42%) by an extensive histopathologic method. Four women had radial scars on the ipsilateral side in the breast tissue available from the primary surgical procedure or at autopsy. One woman had an invasive breast cancer with morphologic features compatible with but not diagnostic of transition from a radial scar. Of the six radial scars with carcinoma in situ occurring in three women, three were of ductal and three of lobular type. In the remaining cases only radial scars with a benign appearance were found except for two with atypical hyperplasia. The frequency of radial scars was significantly higher in women with fibrocystic disease (55%) compared to women without (24%). Contralateral primary invasive and in situ breast cancer occurred in 68%. No difference in the frequency of radial scars in women with and without breast cancer was found and radial scars were not associated with any specific type of breast cancer. Our findings do not indicate a higher malignant potential of radial scars than of fibrocystic disease. It is suggested that only radial scars containing high-risk epithelial changes such as atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ are associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer development.
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PMID:Radial scars in women with breast cancer. 381 61

127 breast scans were performed on 83 female patients using technetium-99m diphosphonate. 46 out of 48 patients with breast cancer had positive breast scans manifested by a focal increased uptake in 37 patients and a diffuse increased uptake in the remaining 9 patients. Benign breast lesions such as fibrocystic disease, fibroadenoma and fat necrosis may also concentrate the radioactive agent in a focal or a diffuse pattern. So breast scanning is a sensitive though nonspecific modality to detect malignant breast lesions and it is worthwhile performing it on all women referred for bone scan.
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PMID:The role of breast scintigraphy in detecting breast masses. 384 76

The relationship between various sociodemographic, reproductive, and other factors to the occurrence of fibrocystic breast disease was evaluated in a case-control study undertaken at five Connecticut hospitals from 1979 to 1981. The study groups comprised 590 women with biopsy-proven fibrocystic breast disease and 1,018 women with other surgical conditions. Among the premenopausal women, multivariate analysis suggested that high socioeconomic status, Jewish religion, low parity, a history of benign breast disease, a history of breast cancer in the mother or a sister, and low Quetelet index were associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for fibrocystic breast disease. Similar analysis for the postmenopausal women revealed increased OR for women with high socioeconomic status, a late age at menopause, and a history of benign breast disease. Current smokers as well as those who had had a tubal sterilization had significantly reduced odds of fibrocystic disease. There was no convincing evidence of linear trends according to degree of epithelial atypia for any of the variables considered. Although some variation in the OR emerged in the analysis according to selected histologic components, the results provided little evidence that women with biopsy specimens exhibiting gross cysts, sclerosing adenosis, papillary hyperplasia, or papillomatosis showed epidemiologic similarities with breast cancer patients.
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PMID:Risk factors for fibrocystic breast disease and its histopathologic components. 385 95

This review of the epidemiologic and endocrinologic literature aims to improve understanding of the etiology of premalignant breast disease. Although there are inconsistencies regarding the clinical symptoms defined as benign breast disease, there are 2 major clinical categories: cysts treated by aspiration and solid lesions treated by excision or incision biopsy. A necessary research approach is to determine which patients with benign breast disease have an increased risk of breast cancer and study them to determine whether they carry any endocrine or biologic stigmata. Epithelial hyperplasia is the lesion with greatest premalignant potential. Both population and case-control studies have examined the association between benign breast disease and the risk factors of age, reproductive history, family history of breast cancer, obesity, socioeconomic status, race, oral contraceptive use, and methylxanthines. No clear or consistent endocrine or hormonal abnormalities have been detected in women with benign breast disease. On the other hand, cyst fluid studies have revealed high amounts of androsterone sulfate and DHA-sulfate compared with serum levels. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels are highest in women with fibrocystic disease. At this point, it is unclear whther the progression from normal epithelium through atypia and hyperplasia and then in in situ carcinoma or invasive carcinoma is under hormonal control. Inconsistencies within the research literature may reflect the heterogeneity of conditions encompassed within the benign breast disease category. Since epithelial hyperplasia is likely a forerunner of breast cancer, such patients should be monitored to determine whether they exhibit a consistently abnormal pattern of hormonal production, e.g., subnormal androgen levels or elevation of free estradiol.
Breast Cancer Res Treat 1985
PMID:Epidemiology and endocrinology of benign breast disease. 390 25

Early administration of vitamin E to low birth weight (less than 1500 g) infants results in alleviation of the symptoms of retinopathy of prematurity and a lowered incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage. If vitamin E is given to children with cholestatic liver disease (orally or parenterally) before 3 years of age, neurological symptoms such as areflexia, ataxia, and sensory neuropathy are prevented or reversed. Restitution of neurological function is more limited in children ages 5-17 years even after prolonged therapy. Vitamin E is also useful in prevention of neuropathy and retinopathy associated with abetalipoproteinemia and cystic fibrosis. Blood levels of tocopherol are often low in subjects with hemolytic anemias. Administration of vitamin E to G-6-P-D-deficient subjects increased hemoglobin levels, and decreased the number of irreversibly sickled cells in sickle-cell anemia subjects. Most trials have indicated that administration of vitamin E for 6 months or more to subjects with intermittent claudication results in longer walking distance and improved blood flow. Vitamin E reduces platelet aggregation, platelet adhesion to collagen, and platelet thromboxane production. Prostacyclin production is generally enhanced. The significance of these effects to thrombotic diseases. Epidemiological studies have indicated that subjects with higher blood levels of vitamin E have lower risk of death from ischemic heart disease and cancer, a lower risk of breast cancer, and a lower incidence of infections.
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PMID:Clinical uses of vitamin E. 391 44

Selenium concentrations in whole blood of Japanese and American women with and without breast cancer and benign fibrocystic breast disease were determined. The observed blood Se levels of healthy Japanese women (0.286 +/- 0.021 micrograms/ml) were similar to previously reported values for healthy Japanese adults. The Japanese patients with benign breast disease and with breast cancer exhibited blood selenium concentrations of 0.200 +/- 0.045 and 0.195 +/- 0.057 micrograms/ml, respectively. The mean blood Se concentration of Japanese breast cancer patients with recurrence was 0.188 +/- 0.061 micrograms/ml. The mean blood Se concentrations of healthy American women from San Diego, Calif., were 0.191 +/- 0.023 micrograms/ml; of women with benign fibrocystic disease, 0.142 +/- 0.010 micrograms/ml; and of breast cancer patients, 0.167 +/- 0.032 micrograms/ml. The higher blood Se concentrations of Japanese healthy subjects as compared to healthy Americans can be attributed to differences in the dietary Se intakes; low blood Se concentration may be indicative of increased breast cancer risk.
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PMID:Selenium in the blood of Japanese and American women with and without breast cancer and fibrocystic disease. 392 10

This article suggests that an improper definition of prior history of benign breast disease may be responsible for research results that show an increased risk of breast cancer among oral contraceptive (OC) users with such a history. It is maintained that women who developed fibrocystic breast disease in the 1960s-late 1970s despite longterm use of OCs were intrinsically at greater risk of breast cancer than nonusers who developed fibrocystic disease. Thus, it is improper in epidemiologic studies of OC use and the risk of breast cancer to define a prior history of fibrocystic disease as prior to the development of breast cancer or to corresponding reference ages of women without breast cancer. Rather, prior history should be defined as prior to the use of OCs. The article further analyzes the 3 major case-control studies of breast cancer that developed before 1978 that have suggested OC use increases the risk of breast cancer in women with a prior history of benign breast disease. In the 1st study, by Paffenbarger et al, the operational definition of prior history of benign breast disease appears to be prior to hospitalization for breast cancer. In the 2nd study, by Lees et al, a prior history was defined as prior to presentation at the clinic. In the 3rd study, by Brinton et al, a prior history of benign breast disease was defined as prior to the 1st screening. When stratification or adjustment for prior history of benign breast disease is restricted to disease that develops prior to any OC use, the epidemiologic studies fail to show that women with existing benign breast disease who initiate OC use alter their risk of developing breast cancer.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive use and the risk of breast cancer in women with a "prior" history of benign breast disease. 394 84


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